ASTM D6857-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum Sealing Method
Standard Test Method for Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum Sealing Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The maximum specific gravities and densities of bituminous paving mixtures are intrinsic properties whose values are influenced by the composition of the mixture in terms of types and amounts of aggregates and bituminous materials.
They are used to calculate values for percent air voids in compacted bituminous paving mixtures.
They provide target values for the compaction of paving mixtures.
They are essential when calculating the amount of bitumen absorbed by the internal porosity of the individual aggregate particles in a bituminous paving mixture.
Note 2—The personnel and equipment used in performing this test can be evaluated in accordance with Practice D3666.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of maximum specific gravity of and density of uncompacted bituminous paving mixtures at 25°C (77°F).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The other units given may be approximate and are given to help the user interpret units on available standard equipment used with this test method.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6857 – 09
Standard Test Method for
Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous
1
Paving Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum Sealing Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6857; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements forAgen-
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
1.1 This test method covers the determination of maximum
specific gravity of and density of uncompacted bituminous
3. Terminology
paving mixtures at 25°C (77°F).
3.1 The terms specific gravity and density used in this test
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
method are in accordance with the Terminology E1547.
standard. The other units given may be approximate and are
3.2 Definitions:
given to help the user interpret units on available standard
3.2.1 density, as determined by this test method—the mass
equipment used with this test method.
of a cubic meter of the material at 25°C in SI units, or the mass
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of a cubic foot of the material at 77°F in inch-pound units.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.2 residual pressure, as employed by this test method—
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the pressure in a vacuum chamber when vacuum is applied.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.3 specific gravity, as determined by this test method—
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the ratio of a given mass of material at 25°C to the mass of an
2. Referenced Documents equal volume of water at the same temperature.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Summary of Test Method
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
4.1 A weighed sample of oven-dry paving mixture in the
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
looseconditionatroomtemperatureisplacedinsideaspecially
D979 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving Mixtures
designed channel bag. The bag containing the sample is placed
D2041 Test Method for Theoretical Maximum Specific
inside another bag and placed inside a vacuum chamber.Air is
Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures
evacuated from the sample to an absolute pressure of 6.0 mm
D4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying
Hg (6 Torr) and is automatically sealed. The bags containing
Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and
the sample are removed from the vacuum chamber and placed
Construction Materials Testing
inside a large water tank equipped with scales for weighing the
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
sample under water. While completely submerged, the bag is
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
cut open by scissors to allow the water to enter the bag. Since
E1547 Terminology Relating to Industrial and Specialty
the sample is under complete vacuum, water will be forced
Chemicals
around all the accessible areas of the sample. The difference in
weight in air and suspended weight in water will provide the
1 sample volume after correcting for the bag influence. The dry
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.21 on weight and the volume can be used to calculate the maximum
Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Mixtures.
specificgravityofthesample.Thismethodisarapidtechnique
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published January 2010. Originally
for determination of maximum specific gravity that minimizes
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6857 – 03. DOI:
theexposureofbituminoussamplestowaterduringtestingand
10.1520/D6857-09.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
reduces the chance of water absorption.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
NOTE 1—For porous aggregates, if water absorption correction is not
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. performed on the maximum specific gravities obtained using this test
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D6857 – 09
method, the results may be higher than the results obtained by Test
asphalt mixture. The air exhaust and vacuum operation time
Method D2041. Without aggregate water absorption correction, air voids
should be calibrated at the factory prior to initi
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6857–03 Designation: D6857 – 09
Standard Test Method for
Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous
1
Paving Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum Sealing Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6857; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of maximum specific gravity of and density of uncompacted bituminous paving
mixtures at 25°C (77°F).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The other units given may be approximate and are given
to help the user interpret units on available standard equipment used with this test method.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4A multi-laboratory precision for this standard has not been developed at this time. This standard should not be used for
acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasing purposes.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
D979 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving Mixtures
D2041 Test Method for Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures
D4311Practice for Determining Asphalt Volume Correction to a Base Temperature
D4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and Construction
Materials Testing E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1547 TerminologyRelatingtoIndustrialandSpecialtyChemicalsTerminologyRelatingtoIndustrialandSpecialtyChemicals
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 The terms specific gravity and density used in this test method are in accordance with the Terminology E1547.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 density, as determined by this test method—the mass of a cubic meter of the material at 25°C in SI units, or the mass of
a cubic foot of the material at 25°C77°F in inch-pound units.
3.2.2 residual pressure, as employed by this test method—the pressure in a vacuum chamber when vacuum is applied.
3.2.3 specific gravity, as determined by this test method—the ratio of a given mass of material at 25°C to the mass of an equal
volume of water at the same temperature.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A weighed sample of oven-dry paving mixture in the loose condition at room temperature is placed inside a specially
designed channel bag. The bag containing the sample is placed inside another bag and placed inside a vacuum chamber. Air is
evacuated from the sample to an absolute pressure of 5.66.0 mm Hg (6 Torr) and is automatically sealed. The bags containing the
sample are removed from the vacuum chamber and placed inside a large water tank equipped with scales for weighing the sample
under water. While completely submerged, the bag is cut open by scissors to allow the water to enter the bag. Since the sample
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.21 on Specific
Gravity and Density of Bituminous Mixtures.
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2003.Dec. 1, 2009. Published March 2003.January 2010. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as
D6857-03.D6857 – 03. DOI: 10.1520/D6857-039.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6857 – 09
is under complete vacuum, water will be forced around all the accessible areas of the sample. The difference in weight in air and
suspended weight in water will provide the sample vo
...
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