ASTM A534-09
(Specification)Standard Specification for Carburizing Steels for Anti-Friction Bearings
Standard Specification for Carburizing Steels for Anti-Friction Bearings
ABSTRACT
This specification covers standards for carburizing steels to be used in anti-friction bearings. Materials shall conform to carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, copper, oxygen, and aluminum contents. Materials shall adhere to inclusion ratings set for thin and heavy series. Grain size and hardenability requirements shall be followed. Decarburization and surface imperfections of hot-rolled, cold-finished, or annealed bars and tubes shall not exceed specified limits as measured through microscopical methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for carburizing bearing-quality steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction bearings.
1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
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Designation: A534 −09
StandardSpecification for
1
Carburizing Steels for Anti-Friction Bearings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A534; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt
Alloys by Various Combustion and Fusion Techniques
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for carburiz-
E1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarbur-
ing bearing-quality steel to be used in the manufacture of
ization of Steel Specimens
anti-friction bearings.
3
2.2 ISO Standard:
1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
ISO 683 Part 17: Ball and Roller Bearing Steels
provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.
3. Ordering Information
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
include the following information:
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1.1 Quantity,
and are not considered standard.
3.1.2 Alloy grade identification,
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.3 Specification designation and year of issue,
2
3.1.4 Dimensions, shape, and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.5 Supplementary requirements.
A29/A29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy,
Hot-Wrought, General Requirements for
4. Materials and Manufacture
A255 Test Methods for Determining Hardenability of Steel
4.1 The steel shall be made by a process that is capable of
A304 Specification for Carbon andAlloy Steel Bars Subject
providing a high quality product meeting the requirements of
to End-Quench Hardenability Requirements
this specification.
A510 Specification for General Requirements forWire Rods
and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel
5. Chemical Composition and Analysis
A519 Specification for Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel
5.1 Typical examples of chemical compositions are shown
Mechanical Tubing
in Table 1. Other compositions may be specified.
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
5.2 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the
cal Analysis of Steel Products
steel manufacturer in accordance withTest Methods, Practices,
A752 Specification for General Requirements forWire Rods
and Terminology A751. The chemical composition thus deter-
and Coarse Round Wire, Alloy Steel
mined shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of
for the ordered grade, or to other requirements agreed upon
Steel
between manufacturer and purchaser.
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
5.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser in
Blooms, and Forgings
accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology
E1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,
A751. Permissible variations in product analysis shall be in
accordance with Specification A29/A29M, Practices, and Ter-
minology.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
A01.28 on Bearing Steels.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originally
6.1 The size and shape of the material shall be agreed upon
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A534 – 04. DOI:
between manufacturer and purchaser.
10.1520/A0534-09.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
the ASTM website. www.iso.ch.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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A534 − 09
A,B
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition
C D
Number Name C Mn P (max) S (max) Si Cr Ni Mo Cu (max) O (max) Al (max)
. . . 4118H 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 1.00 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.30 - 0.70 . . . 0.08 - 0.15 0.30 0.0020 0.050
. . . 4320H 0.17 - 0.23 0.40 - 0.70 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.35 - 0.65 1.55 - 2.00 0.20 - 0.30 0.30 0.0020 0.050
. . . 462
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A534–04 Designation: A534 – 09
Standard Specification for
1
Carburizing Steels for Anti-Friction Bearings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A534; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for carburizing bearing-quality steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction
bearings.
1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.
1.3The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A29/A29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought, General Requirements for
A255 Test Methods for Determining Hardenability of Steel
A304 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject to End-Quench Hardenability Requirements
A510 Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel
A519 Specification for Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A752 Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Alloy Steel
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and Forgings
E1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys by
Various Combustion and Fusion Techniques
E1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarburization of Steel Specimens
3
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 683 Part 17: Ball and Roller Bearing Steels
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should include the following information:
3.1.1 Quantity,
3.1.2 Alloy grade identification,
3.1.3 Specification designation and year of issue,
3.1.4 Dimensions, shape, and
3.1.5 Supplementary requirements.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 The steel shall be made by a process that is capable of providing a high quality product meeting the requirements of this
specification.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel,Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.28 on Bearing Steels.
Current edition approved MarchOct. 1, 2004.2009. Published April 2004.November 2009. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 20012004 as
A534–01.A534 – 04. DOI: 10.1520/A0534-049.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.ch.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A534 – 09
5. Chemical Composition and Analysis
5.1 Typical examples of chemical compositions are shown in Table 1. Other compositions may be specified.
5.2 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the steel manufacturer in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and
Terminology A751. The chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1 for the
ordered grade, or to other requirements agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.
5.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
Permissible variations in product analysis shall be in accordance with Specification A29/A29M, Practices, and Terminology.
6. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
6.1 The size and shape of the
...
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