ASTM A336/A336M-99e1
(Specification)Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts
Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers both ferritic and austenitic steel forgings for boilers, pressure vessels, high-temperature parts, and associated equipment.
1.2 Forgings made of steel grades listed in Specification A335/A335M, may also be ordered under this specification. The chemical, tensile, heat treatment, and marking requirements of Specification A335/A335M shall apply, except the forging shall conform to the chemical requirements of Table 1 of Specification A335/A335M only with respect to heat analysis. On check analysis they may deviate from these limits to the extent permitted in Table 2 of this specification. Note 1- For all austenitic steels, the term "Class" has been changed to "Grade." Current Formerly Grade F1 Class F1 Grade F11, Class 2 Class F11 Grade F11, Class 3 Class F11A Grade F11, Class 1 Class F11B Grade F12 Class F12 Grade F5 Class F5 Grade F5A Class F5A Grade F9 Class F9 Grade F6 Class F6 Grade F21, Class 1 Class F21A Grade F21, Class 3 Class F21 Grade F22, Class 1 Class F22A Grade F22, Class 3 Class F22 Grade F91 Class F91 Grade F3V Class F3V Grade F22V Class F22V
1.3 Supplementary Requirements S1 to S9 are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as standards. Within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
e1
Designation: A 336/A 336M – 99
Standard Specification for
Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature
Parts
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA336/A336M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
e NOTE—Table 2 was corrected editorially in May 2000.
1. Scope 1.5 A 336/A 336M formerly included austenitic steel forg-
2 ings, which are now found in A 965/A 965M.
1.1 This specification covers ferritic steel forgings for
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
boilers, pressure vessels, high-temperature parts, and associ-
(metric) units are to be regarded separately as standards.
ated equipment.
Within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.2 Forgings made of steel grades listed in Specification
The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents;
A335/A335M, may also be ordered under this specification.
therefore, each system must be used independent of the other.
The chemical, tensile, heat treatment, and marking require-
Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon-
ments of Specification A335/A335M shall apply, except the
formance with the specification.
forgingshallconformtothechemicalrequirementsofTables1
and 2 of SpecificationA335/A335M only with respect to heat
2. Referenced Documents
analysis. On check analysis they may deviate from these limits
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to the extent permitted in Table 1 of this specification.
A275/A275M Test Method for Magnetic Particle Exami-
Current Formerly
nation of Steel Forgings
Grade F1 Class F1
A335/A335M Specification for Seamless Ferritic Alloy
Grade F11, Class 2 Class F11
Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
Grade F11, Class 3 Class F11A
A370 TestMethodsandDefinitionsforMechanicalTesting
Grade F11, Class 1 Class F11B
Grade F12 Class F12
of Steel Products
Grade F5 Class F5
A788 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Require-
Grade F5A Class F5A
ments
Grade F9 Class F9
Grade F6 Class F6
A965 SpecificationforSteelForgings,Austenitic,forPres-
Grade F21 Class 1 Class F21A
sure and High Temperature Parts
Grade F21, Class 3 Class F21
E165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
Grade F22, Class 1 Class F22A
Grade F22, Class 3 Class F22
2.2 Other Standard:
Grade F91 Class F91
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Weld-
Grade F3V Class F3V
ing Qualifications
Grade F22V Class F22V
1.3 Supplementary Requirements S1 to S9 are provided for
3. Ordering Information and General Requirements
usewhenadditionaltestingorinspectionisdesired.Theseshall
3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by
apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the
Specification A788, the purchaser should include with the
order.
inquiry and order the following information:
1.4 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-
3.1.1 Adrawingorsketchthatshowstestlocationswhenthe
tion designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-
testing is in accordance with 8.1.1.3.
pound units.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 1999. Published February 1999. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
published as A336–55T. Last previous edition A336/A336M–98a. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
2 7
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi- Available from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 East 47th
cation SA-336/SA-336M in Section II of that Code. St., New York, NY 10017.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 336/A 336M
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
Ferritic Steels
Grade
F11, F11, F11, F21, Class F21, F22, F22, Class
F1 F12 F5 F5A F9 F6 F91 F911 F3V F3VCb F22V
Class 2 Class 3 Class 1 3 Class 1 Class 3 1
Tensile strength, 70 000- 70 000- 75 000- 60 000- 70 000- 60 000- 80 000- 85 000- 85 000- 75 000- 60 000- 75 000- 60 000- 85 000- 90 000- 85 000- 85 000- 85 000-
psi [MPa] 95 000 95 000 100 000 85 000 95 000 85 000 105 000 110 000 110 000 100 000 85 000 100 000 85 000 110 000 120 000 110 000 110 000 110 000
[485- [485- [515- [415- [485- [415- [550- [585- [585- [515- [415- [515- [415- [585- [620- [585- [585- [585-
660] 660] 690] 585] 660] 585] 725] 760] 760] 690] 585] 690] 585] 760] 830] 760] 760] 760]
Yield strength, 40 000 40 000 45 000 30 000 40 000 36 000 50 000 55 000 55 000 45 000 30 000 45 000 30 000 60 000 64 000 60 000 60 000 60 000
min, psi [MPa] [275] [275] [310] [205] [275] [250] [345] [380] [380] [310] [205] [310] [205] [415] [440] [415] [415] [415]
Elongation in 2 in. 20 20 18 20 20 20 19 20 18 19 20 19 20 20 20 18 18 18
or 50 mm, min,
%
Reduction of area, 40 40 40 45 40 40 35 40 35 40 45 40 45 40 40 45 45 45
min, %
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 336/A 336M
3.1.2 The intended use of forgings if 5.1 is applicable. multipleheat.Theproductanalysisforcolumbiumandcalcium
3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to for Grade F22V shall conform to the requirements of Table 2
the requirements of Specification A788, which outlines addi- of this specification. Boron is not subject to product analysis.
tional ordering information, manufacturing requirements, test- Thepurchasermayalsomakethisdeterminationinaccordance
ing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certifica- with Specification A788.
tion, product analysis variations, and additional supplementary
8. Mechanical Properties
requirements.
8.1 General Requirements—The material shall conform to
3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict
the requirements for mechanical properties prescribed inTable
with the requirements of SpecificationA788, the requirements
1. The largest obtainable tension test specimen as specified in
of this specification shall prevail.
Test Methods and Definitions A370 shall be used.
4. Melting and Forging 8.1.1 For annealed, normalized, and tempered steels not
tested per 8.1.1.3, the longitudinal axis of the specimens shall
4.1 In addition to the melting and forging requirements of
be parallel to the direction of major working of the forging,
Specification A788 which may be supplemented by Supple-
except when Supplementary Requirement S2 is specified. For
mentary Requirement S8, the following conditions apply:
upset disk forgings, the longitudinal axis of the test specimen
4.1.1 A sufficient discard shall be made to secure freedom
shall be in the tangential direction.
from injurious pipe and undue segregation.
8.1.1.1 The longitudinal axis of the specimen shall be
located midway between the parallel surfaces of the test
5. Machining
extensionifaddedtotheperipheryofdisksormidwaybetween
5.1 Forged pressure vessels for steam power service shall
the center and surface of solid forgings. For hollow forgings,
have the inner surface machined or ground. Unfired pressure
the longitudinal axis of the specimens shall be located midway
vesselsshallhavetheinnersurfacessufficientlyfreeofscaleto
between the center and outer surfaces of the wall. When
permit inspection.
separately forged test blocks are employed, as defined in 8.1.3,
5.2 When rough machining is performed, it may be done
thetensiontestspecimensshallbetakenfromalocationwhich
either before or after heat treatment.
representsthemidwalloftheheaviestsectionoftheproduction
forgings. When specimens are required from opposite ends,
6. Heat Treatment
theyshallbetakenfromthediagonalcornersofanaxialplane.
6.1 The steel forgings shall be annealed or normalized and
Alternatively,andwhenspecified,thespecimensshallbetaken
tempered but alternatively may be liquid quenched and tem-
in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S3.
pered when mutually agreed upon between the manufacturer
8.1.1.2 For liquid quenched and tempered forgings, the test
and the purchaser. Grade F22V forgings shall be normalized
specimens shall have their longitudinal axis at least ⁄4 T of the
and tempered or liquid quenched and tempered. For Grade
maximumheat-treatedthicknessfromanysurfaceandwiththe
F22V forgings the minimum austenizing temperature shall be
mid-length of the specimens at least one T from any second
1650°F [900°C]. For Grade F91 and F911 forgings the auste-
surface.Thisisnormallyreferredtoas ⁄4T 3T,whereTisthe
nitizing temperature shall be in the range of 1900 to 2000°F
maximumheat-treatedthickness.Athermalbuffermaybeused
[1040 to 1095°C]. Normalizing or liquid quenching shall be
to adhere to the above condition.
followed by tempering at a subcritical temperature. The mini-
8.1.1.3 For normalized and tempered and liquid quenched
mum tempering temperature shall be 1100°F [595°C], except
and forgings. With prior purchaser approval, test specimens
for the following grades:
may be taken at a depth (t) corresponding to the distance from
Grade Minimum Tempering
the area of significant stress to the nearest heat-treated surface
Temperature, °F [°C]
and at least twice this distance (2 t) from any second surface.
F6 1150 [620]
However, the test depth shall not be nearer to one heat-treated
F11, Class 2 1150 [620]
surface than ⁄4 in. [19 mm] and to the second treated surface
F11, Class 3 1150 [620]
F11, Class 1 1150 [620] than 1 ⁄2in. [38 mm]. This method of test specimen location
F5 1250 [675]
normally applies to thick and complex pressure vessel compo-
F9 1250 [675]
nents where the testing in 8.1.1.2 is not practical. Sketches
F21, Class 1 1250 [675]
F3V, F3VCb 1250 [675] showing the exact test locations shall be approved by the
F22, Class 1 1250 [675]
purchaser when this method is used.
F22V 1250 [675]
8.1.2 Except as specified herein, tests for acceptance shall
F91 1350 [730]
bemadeafterheattreatmenthasbeencompletedinaccordance
F911 1350 [730]
with Section 6. When the ends of the cylindrical forgings are
7. Chemical Composition
closedinbyreforging,thecylindricalforgingsmaybenormal-
7.1 Heat Analysis—The heat analysis obtained from sam- ized and tempered or annealed and tested before reforging.
pling in accordance with SpecificationA788 and shall comply After reforging, the entire forging shall be reheat-treated in the
with Table 2. same manner and at the same temperature range as employed
7.2 ProductAnalysis—Themanufacturershallusetheprod- when the forging was heat-treated before certification testing.
uct analysis provision of Specification A788 to obtain a 8.1.3 When mutually agreed upon between the manufac-
product analysis from a forging representing each heat or turer and the purchaser, test specimens may be machined from
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 336/A 336M
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Grade
A A
Element F1 F11, Classes 2 F11, Class 1 F12 F5 F5A F9 F6
and 3
Carbon 0.20–0.30 0.10–0.20 0.05–0.15 0.10–0.20 0.15 max 0.25 max 0.15 max 0.12 max
Manganese 0.60–0.80 0.30–0.80 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.80 0.30–0.60 0.60 max 0.30–0.60 1.00 max
Phosphorus, 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025
max
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025
Silicon 0.20–0.35 0.50–1.00 0.50–1.00 0.10–0.60 0.50 max 0.50 max 0.50–1.00 1.00 max
Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50 max 0.50 max . . . 0.50 max
Chromium . . . 1.00–1.50 1.00–1.50 0.80–1.10 4.0–6.0 4.0–6.0 8.0–10.0 11.5–13.5
Molybdenum 0.40–0.60 0.45–0.65 0.44–0.65 0.45–0.65 0.45–0.65 0.45–0.65 0.90–1.10 . . .
Grade
Element F21, Classes F22, Classes
1 and 3 1 and 3
Carbon 0.05–0.15 0.05–0.15
Manganese 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.60
Phosphorus, 0.025 0.025
max†
Sulfur, max† 0.025 0.025
Silicon† 0.50 max 0.50 max
Nickel† . . . . . .
Chromium 2.7–3.3 2.00–2.50
Molybdenum 0.80–1.06 0.90–1.10
Vanadium . . . . . .
Copper . . . . . .
Nitrogen . . . . . .
Columbium . . . . . .
Element Grade F 91 Grade F911 F3V F3VCb F22V
Carbon 0.08–0.12 0.09–0.13 0.10–0.15 0.10–0.15 0.11–0.15
Manganese 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.60
Phosphorus, 0.025 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.015
max
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.010
Silicon 0.20–0.50 0.10–0.50 0.10 max 0.10 max 0.10 max
Nickel 0.40 max 0.40 max . . . 0.25 max 0.25 max
Chromium 8.0–9.5 8.5–10.5 2.7–3.3 2.7–3.3 2.00–2.50
Molybdenum 0.85–1.05 0.90–1.10 0.90–1.10 0.90–1.10 0.90–1.10
Vanadium 0.18–0.25 0.18–0.25 0.20–0.30 0.20–0.30 0.25–0.35
Columbium 0.06–0.10 0.06–0.10 . . . 0.015–0.070 0.07 max
Nitrogen 0.03–0.07 0.04–0.09 . . . . . . . . .
Aluminum 0.04 max 0.04 max . . . . . . . . .
Boron . . . 0.0003–0.006 0.001–0.003 . . 0.0020 max
Tungsten . . . 0.90–1.10 . . . . . . . . .
Titanium . . . . . . 0.015–0.035 0.015 max 0.030 max
Copper . . . . . . . . . 0.25 max 0.20 max
B
Calcium . . . . . . . . . 0.0005–0.0150 0.015 max
A
The present Grade F 5A (0.25 %, maximum carbon) previous to 1955 was assigned the identification symbol F 5. Identification symbol F 5 has been assigned to the
0.15 %, maximum, carbon grade to be consistent with ASTM specifications for other products such as pipe, tubing, bolting, welding, fittings, etc.
B
For Grade F 22V, rare earth metals (REM may be added in place of calcium subject to agreement between the producer and the purchaser. In that case the total
amount of REM shall be determined and reported.
† Editorially corrected.
effect of mass differences between the production forgings and the test
a specially forged block suitably worked and heat treated with
blocks. This can be particularly significant when forgings are normalized
the production forgings. Such a special block shall be obtained
and tempered or quenched and tempered.
from an ingot, slab, or billet from the same heat used to make
the forgings it represents. This block shall receive essentially
8.2 Number and Location of Tests—The number and loca-
the same type of hot-working and forging reduction as the
tion of tests
...
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