ASTM E1592-98

Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Sheet Metal Roof and Siding Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the structural performance of sheet metal panels and anchor-to-panel attachments for roof or siding systems under uniform static air pressure differences using a test chamber or support surface.
1.2 The provisions of this test method are applicable to standing seam, trapezoidal, ribbed, or corrugated metal panels in the range of thickness from 0.012 to 0.050-in. (0.3 to 1.3-mm) and apply to the evaluation of uniform pressure applied to single-skin construction or one sheet metal layer of multiple-skin construction. They do not cover requirements for the construction of a specimen to determine the load sharing that can occur with either composite or multiple-layer construction such as: 1) metal cladding over wood sheathing; or 2) field assemblies of insulation sandwiched between corrugated or formed metal panels.
1.3 Proper use of this test method requires knowledge of the principles of pressure and deflection measurement.
1.4 This test method describes optional apparatus and procedures for use in evaluating the structural performance of a given system for a range of support spacings or for confirming the structural performance of a specific installation.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units are approximate.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7.
1.7 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes exclusive of those for tables and figures. These notes and footnotes provide explanatory material and shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Apr-2001
• ICS: 91.060.20 - Roofs
• Technical Committee: E06 - Performance of Buildings
• Drafting Committee: E06.57 - Performance of Metal Roof Systems

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM E1592-01 - Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Sheet Metal Roof and Siding Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E1680-16(2022) - Standard Test Method for Rate of Air Leakage through Exterior Metal Roof Panel Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E1637-98(2017)e1 - Standard Specification for Structural Standing Seam Aluminum Roof Panel Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E1514-98(2017)e1 - Standard Specification for Structural Standing Seam Steel Roof Panel Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E1646-95(2018) - Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Metal Roof Panel Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: E 1592 – 98
Standard Test Method for
Structural Performance of Sheet Metal Roof and Siding
Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1592; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Computations are the accepted method for determining the structural capacity of most metal
products. However, some conditions are outside the scope of analysis by industry specifications.
Methods of computation and a discussion of these conditions are found in the following documents:
AISI Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members and Load and Resistance
Factor Specification for Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members and Aluminum Association Specifi-
cations for Aluminum Structures.
This test method is not to be considered as a wind design standard. It is a structural capacity test
to determine the ability of a panel system (including attachments) to resist uniform static pressure.
Actual wind pressure is nonuniform and dynamic. When these uniform static test results are used in
conjunction with commonly recognized wind design standards, they will yield highly conservative
results.
When additional fasteners are installed across panel flats at eaves, ridges, or reinforced end laps, the
crosswise distortion is eliminated and both flexural capacity and anchor-to-panel attachment strength
can vary with the distance from such conditions. This test procedure can be used to evaluate the
strength of panels and attachments at any distance from end or edge perimeter conditions. The size of
the specimen and limitations on air seals are designed to minimize any interference with the natural
response of the panels under load.
1. Scope as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units are
approximate.
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the structural
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
performance of sheet metal panels and anchor-to-panel attach-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ments for roof or siding systems under uniform static air
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
pressure differences using a test chamber or support surface.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.2 This test method is applicable to standing seam, trap-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
ezoidal, ribbed, or corrugated metal panels in the range of
precautionary statements, see Section 7.
thickness from 0.012 to 0.050-in. (0.3 to 1.3-mm) thickness
1.7 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
and applies to the evaluation of single-skin construction or one
exclusive of those for tables and figures. These notes and
layer of multiple-skin construction. It does not cover require-
footnotes provide explanatory material and shall not be con-
ments for the evaluation of composite or multiple-layer con-
sidered as requirements of the standard.
struction.
1.3 Proper use of this test method requires knowledge of the
2. Referenced Documents
principles of pressure and deflection measurement.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.4 This test method describes optional apparatus and pro-
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
cedures for use in evaluating the structural performance of a
of Steel Products
given system for a range of support spacings or for confirming
B 557 Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast
the structural performance of a specific installation.
Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
2.2 Aluminum Association Standard:
Aluminum Formed-Sheet Building Sheathing Design
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-6 on
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.57
on Performance of Metal Roofing Systems.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1998. Published March 1999. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
published as E 1592 – 95. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E 1592
Guide, Appendix B of Specifications for Aluminum Struc- 3.1.14 structural element, n—the width of a panel profile as
tures, Latest Edition measured between center lines of repeating longitudinal stiff-
2.3 AISI Standards: eners for continuously supported panels in a positive load test
Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Struc- or the width between anchor attachments to repeating stiffener
tural Members, Latest Edition elements in a negative load test.
2.4 Other Documents: 3.1.15 test load, n—the difference in static air pressure
ASCE7 (Formerly ANSI A58.1) Minimum Design Loads (positive or negative) between the inside and outside face of
for Buildings and Other Structures the specimen, expressed in pounds-force per square foot
(lbf/ft ) or pascals (Pa).
3. Terminology
3.1.16 test panel length, n—specimen length plus over-
hangs.
3.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 anchor, n—a fastener, bolt, screw, or formed device 3.1.17 ultimate load, n—the difference in static air pressure
(positive or negative) at which failure of the specimen occurs,
such as a clip that connects panels to the support structure.
3.1.2 anchor failure, n—any failure at the anchor device, expressed in pounds-force per square foot (lbf/ft ) or pascals
(Pa).
including separation of the device from the panel, of the device
itself, or of the connection to the structural support. 3.1.18 unlatching failure, n—disengagement of a panel
seam or anchor that occurs in an unloaded assembly due to
3.1.3 crosswise restraint, n—any attachment in the flat of a
panel between structural elements that controls or limits pan permanent set or distortion that occurred under a previous load
condition.
distortion under pressure.
3.1.19 yield load, n—that pressure at which deflection
3.1.4 failure, n—fracture or disengagement of any of the
components where the system is no longer capable of sustain- increases are no longer proportional to the increase in pressure.
Yielding is not failure.
ing load, or the system no longer functions as a weathertight
membrane. 3.1.20 zero load, n—the absence of air pressure difference
across the specimen.
3.1.5 interior support, n—any support other than those at
either extreme in a series of supports for a continuous panel.
4. Summary of Test Method
3.1.6 pan distortion, n—displacement under load of nor-
4.1 This test method consists of the following: (1) sealing
mally flat portions of a panel profile normal to the plane of the
the test specimen into or against one face of a test chamber; (2)
roof or wall surface.
supplying air to, or exhausting air from, the chamber at the rate
3.1.7 panel deflection, n—displacement under load mea-
required to maintain the test pressure difference across the
sured normal to the plane of the roof or wall surface of a
specimen; and (3) observing, measuring, and recording the
longitudinal structural element as measured from a straight line
deflection, deformations, and nature of any failures of principal
between structural supports.
or critical elements of the panel profile or members of the
3.1.8 permanent deformation, n—the permanent displace-
anchor system.
ment in any direction from an original position that remains
4.2 The increments of load application shall be chosen such
after an applied load has been removed.
that a sufficient number of readings will be obtained to
3.1.9 reference zero load, n—nominal pressure applied to a
determine the load deformation curve of the system.
specimen to provide a reference position free of variations
4.3 End and edge restraint shall be representative of field
from internal stresses or friction within the system assembly.
conditions, and the unit shall contain sufficient individual
3.1.10 rib spread, n—panel distortion under load at the base
components to minimize the effect of variations in material and
of a rib or standing seam as measured crosswise to the rib in the
workmanship.
plane of the roof or wall surface.
3.1.11 span length, n—the center-to-center distance be-
5. Significance and Use
tween anchors or supports measured parallel to the longitudinal
5.1 This test method provides a standard procedure to
axis of the panel.
evaluate or confirm structural performance under uniform
3.1.12 specimen, n—the entire assembled unit submitted for
static air pressure difference. This procedure is intended to
testing, as described in Section 8.
represent the effects of uniform loads on exterior building
3.1.13 specimen length, n—the distance from center to
surface elements.
center of the end supports; the sum of individual span lengths.
5.2 It is also permissible to develop data for load-span tables
by interpolating between the test results at different spans.
Available from Aluminum Association, 900 19th Street, NW, Washington, DC
20006. This permanent set is not always detectable from readings taken normal to the
Available from American Iron and Steel Institute, 1101 17th Street NW, Suite panel.
1300 Washington, DC 20036-4700. It is often impractical to take direct measurements on individual elements in an
Available from American Society of Civil Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New assembly of components. Readings made on a panel surface opposite an anchor clip
York, NY 10017-2398. include deflection of non-axial loads in the anchor base and panel profile as well as
Industry design procedures propose different factors of safety on yield and any slippage that occurs in the panel connection or between segments of a
ultimate strength. Not all permanent distortion is harmful to the structural perfor- multiple-piece clip. They may decrease with increasing pressure and produce a
mance of the system. Only permanent distortion that interferes with the performance bi-lineal curve. Subsequent small-scale tests may be required to determine whether
of the system is significant. The roof must still be capable of acting as a weather nonlinear deflection readings represent tolerable distortions that do not interfere
tight membrane. with long-term anchor performance.
E 1592
NOTE 1—When applying the results of tests to determine allowable must not deflect under the test load in such a manner that the performance
design loads by application of a factor of safety, bear in mind that the
of the specimen will be affected. In general, select anchor support
performance of a wall or roof and its components, or both, can be a
members sufficiently rigid that deflection under the test load will be
function of fabrication, installation, and adjustment. The specimen must
negligible. It is desirable to be able to observe the fit of the plastic film
represent the actual structure closely. In service, the performance can also
against the specimen as well as the metal surface. When the specimen is
depend on the rigidity of supporting construction and on the resistance of
tested with plastic film on either side, it is recommended that windows,
components to deterioration by various causes, to vibration, to thermal
lighting, or other methods be used to allow observation of the opposite
expansion and contraction, etc.
side.
6. Apparatus
6.3 Air System—A compressed air supply, an exhaust sys-
tem, or controllable blower is to be provided to develop the
6.1 The description of apparatus is general in nature; any
required air pressure difference across the specimen. The
equipment capable of performing the test procedure within the
system shall maintain an essentially constant air pressure
allowable tolerances is permitted. Major components are
shown in Fig. 1. difference for the required test period.
6.2 Test Chamber—A test chamber, air bag, or box with an
NOTE 3—It is convenient to use a reversible blower or separate pressure
opening, a removable mounting panel, or one open surface in
and exhaust systems to provide the required air pressure difference so that
which or against which the specimen is installed. Provide at
different test specimens can be tested for the effect of positive pressure or
least two static pressure taps located at diagonally opposite
the effect of suction (negative pressure) without reversing the position of
corners to measure the chamber pressure such that the reading
the test specimen. The use of the same specimen for both positive and
is unaffected by the velocity of the air supply to or from the
negative testing is outside the scope of this test method. If an adequate air
chamber or any other air movement. The air supply opening
supply is available, a completely airtight seal need not be provided around
the perimeter of the test specimen and the mounting panel, although it is
into the chamber shall be arranged so that the air does not
preferable. However, substantial air leakage will require an air supply of
impinge directly on the test specimen with any significant
much greater capacity to maintain the required pressure differences.
velocity. A means of access into the chamber to facilitate
adjustments and observations after the specimen has been
6.4 Pressure-Measuring Apparatus—The devices to mea-
installed is optional.
sure the test pressure difference shall operate within a tolerance
of 62 % of the design pressure, or within 0.1 in. (2.5 mm) of
NOTE 2—The test chamber or the specimen mounting frame, or both,
water pressure (0.52 psf or 25 Pa) and be located as described
in 6.1.
6.5 Deflection and Distortion Measurement Precision:
6.5.1 The means of measuring deflections of structural ribs
between the reaction supports and movement of the ribs at the
supports shall provide readings within a tolerance of 60.01 in.
(0.25 mm).
6.5.2 The means of measuring pan distortion shall provide
readings within a tolerance of 6 ⁄16 in. (1.5 mm).
6.5.3 The means of measuring rib spread, when required,
shall provide readings within a tolerance of 6 ⁄16 in. (1.5 mm).
6.6 Reading Locations:
6.6.1 Support deflection gages or measuring devices so that
readings are not influenced by movements of, or within, the
specimen or member supports.
6.6.2 Measure the maximum mid-span and span end (at
anchor support) deflections of at least one structural rib not
influenced by the attachment or seal to the test chamber.
Additional locations for deflection measurements, if desired,
shall be stated by the specifier of the test.
6.6.3 M
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