ASTM A867-03

Standard Specification for Iron-Silicon Relay Steels

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers wrought iron-silicon (Fe-Si) steels that are generally used in the manufacture of electromechanical devices, such as relays and solenoids, requiring higher electrical resistivity, higher permeability, and lower coercivity and residual magnetism than provided by either carbon steels or soft magnetic low-carbon irons. The steels covered in this specification are:Steel TypeNominal Composition11.1 % Si-Fe1F1.1 % Si-Fe free machining22.3 % Si-Fe2F2.3 % Si-Fe free machining34.0 % Si-Fe
1.2 This specification covers steels in the form and condition required for fabrication into parts. The fabricated parts typically require a final heat treatment to obtain the desired magnetic performance. The term mill annealed as used in this specification applies to a heat treatment, typically applied by the producer, intended to improve formability. The mill anneal does not provide the optimum magnetic performance and is not intended to replace the need for the finish annealing of parts.
1.3 This specification covers steels in the form of forging billets, hot-rolled bar and strip, cold-finished bar, wire, and cold-rolled strip in thicknesses up to 0.250 in. (6.35 mm).
1.4 This specification does not cover electrical sheet steels used in transformer and motor laminations.
1.5 This specification does not cover powder metallurgy materials capable of being processed into magnetic core components having similar silicon contents.
1.6 The values stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-2003
• ICS: 77.140.50 - Flat steel products and semi-products
• Technical Committee: A06 - Magnetic Properties
• Drafting Committee: A06.02 - Material Specifications

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM A867-03(2008) - Standard Specification for Iron-Silicon Relay Steels
• Effective Date: 01-May-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 867 – 03
Standard Specification for
Iron-Silicon Relay Steels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A867; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A34/A34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement of
Magnetic Materials
1.1 This specification covers wrought iron-silicon (Fe-Si)
A341 Test Method for Direct-Current Magnetic Properties
steels that are generally used in the manufacture of electrome-
of Materials Using dc Permeameters and the Ballistic Test
chanicaldevices,suchasrelaysandsolenoids,requiringhigher
Methods
electrical resistivity, higher permeability, and lower coercivity
A596 Test Method for Direct-Current Magnetic Properties
and residual magnetism than provided by either carbon steels
of Materials Using the Ballistic Method and Ring Speci-
or soft magnetic low-carbon irons. The steels covered in this
mens
specification are:
A773 Test Method for dc Magnetic Properties of Materials
Steel Type Nominal Composition
Using Ring and Permeameter Procedures with dc Elec-
1 1.1 % Si-Fe
tronic Hysteresigraphs
1F 1.1 % Si-Fe free machining
2.2 Other:
2 2.3 % Si-Fe
IEC Publication 404-7 Methods of Measurement of the
2F 2.3 % Si-Fe free machining
3 4.0 % Si-Fe
Coercivity of Magnetic Materials in an Open Magnetic
Circuit
1.2 This specification covers steels in the form and condi-
tion required for fabrication into parts. The fabricated parts
3. Ordering Information
typically require a final heat treatment to obtain the desired
3.1 Orders to this specification shall include as much of the
magnetic performance. The term mill annealed as used in this
following information as is required to describe the desired
specification applies to a heat treatment, typically applied by
steel:
the producer, intended to improve formability.The mill anneal
3.1.1 ASTM Specification number and steel type,
doesnotprovidetheoptimummagneticperformanceandisnot
3.1.2 Dimensions and tolerances. The tolerances are to be
intended to replace the need for the finish annealing of parts.
mutually agreed upon between the consumer and the producer,
1.3 This specification covers steels in the form of forging
3.1.3 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
billets, hot-rolled bar and strip, cold-finished bar, wire, and
3.1.4 Form and condition,
cold-rolled strip in thicknesses up to 0.250 in. (6.35 mm).
3.1.5 Magnetic property requirements if they are otherwise
1.4 This specification does not cover electrical sheet steels
than stated herein,
used in transformer and motor laminations.
3.1.6 Certification of chemical analysis or magnetic prop-
1.5 This specification does not cover powder metallurgy
erty evaluation, or both,
materials capable of being processed into magnetic core
3.1.7 Marking and packaging,
components having similar silicon contents.
3.1.8 End Use—Whenever possible the consumer should
1.6 The values stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-
specifywhethertheproductwillbemachined,blankedintoflat
pound) units are to be regarded as standard. The values given
pieces, blanked and formed, or deep drawn to shape. This
in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units which
information will help the producer provide the most suitable
are provided for information only and are not considered
product for the consumer’s fabrication practice, and
standard.
3.1.9 Exceptions to this specification or special require-
2. Referenced Documents
ments.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Chemical Composition
4.1 The chemical composition requirements are shown in
Table 1. Since magnetic and, possibly, mechanical properties
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on
Magnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 on
Material Specifications.
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published June 2003. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.04.
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as A867/A867M–94 Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
e1
(1998) . 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A867–03
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition Requirements
ent sets of requirements are necessary, one for ring and
Type Type Type Type Type permeameter testing and one for coercimeter testing.
1 1F 2 2F 3
6.2 TestSpecimenHeatTreatment—Thetestspecimenshall
Carbon 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
be heat treated before testing as follows; heat at 845 6 10°C
max max max max max
Manganese 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 for4hinawet hydrogen atmosphere (dew point of−20 to
max max max max max
5°C) then cool at a rate of 50 to 100°C/h to a temperature less
Silicon 1.10 1.10 2.30 2.30 4.00
than540°Cfollowedbyfurthercoolingatanyconvenientrate.
nom nom nom nom nom
Phosphorus 0.05 0.10/0.22 0.05 0.10/0.25 0.05
For heat treatment of Type 3 steels, dry hydrogen (dew point
max max max
less than−40°C) shall be used instead of wet hydrogen.
Sulfur 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
6.3 Conventional dc Magnetic Testing:
max max max max max
Aluminum 0.35 0.35 0.50 0.50 0.50
6.3.1 Either ring or permeameter techniques may be used.
max max max max max
For ring specimens either Test Methods A596 or A773 is
A
Iron balance balance balance balance balance
permitted. For straight-length specimens, either Test Methods
A A341 or A773 is permitted.
Iron is not analyzed nor is it reported.
6.3.2 Wheneverpossible,testspecimensizeandshapeshall
conform to PracticeA34/A34M. The densities of these steels
are of primary importance, variations in composition from
for testing purposes are listed in Table X1.1.
those shown in Table 1 are permitted by mutual agreement
6.3.3 Requirements—The coercive force requirements of
between the consumer and the producer.
specimens heat treated in accordance with 6.2 are shown in
Table 2. The coercive field strength shall be measured from a
5. Form and Condition
maximum flux density of 10.0 kG (1.00 T).
5.1 As the silicon content increases, cold working becomes
6.4 Coercimeter Testing:
more difficult, hence, not all product forms are available in
6.4.1 Coercimeters are permitted provided it is demon-
each type of steel. The desired form and condition should be
strated that flux density in the test specimen reaches at least 15
specified and discussed with the producer to assure receiving
kG (1.5 T) during the magnetization cycle and that the test
the appropriate product. Available forms and conditions are:
method and test equipment satisfy the requirements of IEC
5.1.1 ForgingBillet(allsteeltypes)—Billetsurfaceground,
Publication 404-7.
grit blasted, or acid c
...