ASTM D4931-92(2002)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Gross Moisture in Green Petroleum Coke
Standard Test Method for Gross Moisture in Green Petroleum Coke
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers both the preparation procedure for samples containing free water (air drying loss (ADL) on gross moisture samples) and the determination of the gross moisture content of green petroleum coke.
1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D4931–92 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Gross Moisture in Green Petroleum Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4931; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.5.1 Discussion—Test Method D 3302 prescribes the
above controlled conditions.
1.1 This test method covers both the preparation procedure
3.1.6 residual moisture, n—that moisture remaining in the
for samples containing free water (air drying loss (ADL) on
sample after air drying.
gross moisture samples) and the determination of the gross
3.1.7 total moisture, n—synonym for gross moisture.
moisture content of green petroleum coke.
1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be
4. Summary of Test Method
regarded as the standard.
4.1 This test method is based on the loss in mass of a green
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
petroleum coke sample in an air atmosphere under controlled
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
conditions of temperature, time, and air flow.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1.1 Preparation Procedure shall be used when the petro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
leum coke sample contains free water. The gross moisture
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sample is weighed and air dried to equilibrate it with the
2. Referenced Documents atmosphere. Determination of residual moisture is that deter-
mined using the Drying Oven Method.Air drying and residual
2.1 ASTM Standards:
moisture losses are combined to report gross moisture.
D 2013 Method of Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
4.1.2 Drying Oven Method shall be used in routine com-
D 2234 Test Methods for Collection of a Gross Sample of
mercial practice when the sample does not contain free water.
Coal
The sample is crushed to at least minus 25 mm (1 in.) top sieve
D 3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
size and divided into analytical portions of at least 500 g each.
E 11 Specification for Wire Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
Determinationoftotalgrossmoistureiscalculatedbysumming
poses
the results of the Drying Oven Method and the results of the
3. Terminology
Preparation Procedure.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
5. Significance and Use
3.1.1 air drying, n—a process of partial drying of a green
5.1 Moisture adds weight to the coke and serves no useful
petroleum coke sample to bring it to near equilibrium with the
purpose. A knowledge of the moisture content is important in
atmosphere in the room in which further reduction/division of
the purchase and sale of green petroleum coke (which are
the petroleum coke sample is to take place.
conducted on a dry basis).
3.1.2 air dry loss (ADL), n—the loss in mass, expressed as
5.2 The collection of the sample as specified for the Drying
a percentage, resulting from each air drying operation.
Oven Method is intended for the express purpose of determin-
3.1.3 free water, n—visible unbound water in the sample.
ing the total moisture of green petroleum coke. The standard is
3.1.4 green petroleum coke, n—a solid, carbonaceous resi-
available to producers, sellers, and consumers for determina-
due that has not been calcined, produced by thermal decom-
tion when other techniques or modifications are not mutually
position of heavy petroleum fractions and/or cracked stock.
agreed on.
3.1.5 gross moisture, n—that moisture determined as the
5.3 The Preparation Procedure is used only when sample
loss in mass in an air atmosphere under rigidly controlled
contains free water. Obtaining a representative sample of a
conditions of temperature, time, and air flow.
coke source is compounded by the presence of free water.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petro-
6. Apparatus
leum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6.1 Ovens:
D02.05on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke, and Oil Shale.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 1992. Published January 1993. Originally 6.1.1 Air Drying Oven—A device for passing slightly
published as D 4931 – 89. Last previous edition D 4931 – 89.
heated air over the sample. The oven shall be capable of
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.05.
maintaining a temperature of 10 to 15°C (18 to 27°F) above
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D4931
ambient with a maximum oven temperature of 40°C (104°F) 6.3 Balances:
unless ambient temperature is above 40°C (104°F), in which 6.3.1 Balance (Gross Sample)—Abalance with a minimum
case ambient temperature shall be used. Air changes are to be capacity of 10 kg and sensitive to 1 g.
at the rate of 1 to 4/min. A typical oven is shown in Fig. 1. 6.3.2 Balance (Crushed Sample)—A balance with a mini-
6.1.2 Drying Oven (for residual moisture on minus 25-mm mum capacity of 4 or sufficient to weigh the pan, sample, and
(1.0-in.)samplessieveUSAstandard—forced-airtype).Itshall container and sensitive to 0.1 g.
be capable of maintaining a temperature of 105 6 5°C and so 6.4 Laboratory Sample Containers—Noncorroding cans
constructed that fresh air is introduced to all parts of the oven with airtight, friction top or screw top sealed with a rubber
to ensure the removal of moisture-laden air. Air flow shall be gasket and pressure-sensitive tape for use in storage and
maintained at sufficiently low velocity to prevent loss of fine transport of the laboratory sample. Glass containers, sealed
particles, (for example, one exchange per minute). with rubber gaskets, can be used, but care must be taken to
6.2 Drying Pans: avoid breakage in transport.
6.2.1 Pans for the gross moisture sample (Preparation Pro- 6.5 Sieves—Meeting Specification E 11.
cedure) shall be noncorroding, weight-stable at temperature
7. Sampling
used, and large enough so that the sample can be spread to a
depth of not more than twice the diameter of the largest 7.1 The principles, terms, and procedures as set forth inTest
Methods D 2234 shall apply to the collection of the total
particles, or not more than 25 mm (1.0 in.) depth for smaller
coke. The pan sides shall be 50 to 75 mm (2 to 3 in.) high. moisture sample. Particular attention is directed to the section
on Sampling Coal for Total Gross Moisture Determination.
6.2.2 Pans for crushed and divided sample shall be noncor
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