ASTM D4931-92(1997)

Standard Test Method for Gross Moisture in Green Petroleum Coke

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers both the preparation procedure for samples containing free water (air drying loss (ADL) on gross moisture samples) and the determination of the gross moisture content of green petroleum coke.
1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Nov-1992
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.05 - Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4931-92(2002) - Standard Test Method for Gross Moisture in Green Petroleum Coke
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-1992

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or
withdrawn. Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4931 – 92 (Reapproved 1997) An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Gross Moisture in Green Petroleum Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4931; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.6 residual moisture, n—that moisture remaining in the
sample after air drying.
1.1 This test method covers both the preparation procedure
3.1.7 total moisture, n—synonym for gross moisture.
for samples containing free water (air drying loss (ADL) on
gross moisture samples) and the determination of the gross
4. Summary of Test Method
moisture content of green petroleum coke.
4.1 This test method is based on the loss in mass of a green
1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be
petroleum coke sample in an air atmosphere under controlled
regarded as the standard.
conditions of temperature, time, and air flow.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1.1 Preparation Procedure shall be used when the petro-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
leum coke sample contains free water. The gross moisture
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sample is weighed and air dried to equilibrate it with the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
atmosphere. Determination of residual moisture is that deter-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
mined using the Drying Oven Method. Air drying and residual
2. Referenced Documents moisture losses are combined to report gross moisture.
4.1.2 Drying Oven Method shall be used in routine com-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mercial practice when the sample does not contain free water.
D 2013 Method of Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
The sample is crushed to at least minus 25 mm (1 in.) top sieve
D 2234 Test Methods for Collection of a Gross Sample of
size and divided into analytical portions of at least 500 g each.
Coal
2 Determination of total gross moisture is calculated by summing
D 3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
the results of the Drying Oven Method and the results of the
E 11 Specification for Wire Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
Preparation Procedure.
poses
5. Significance and Use
3. Terminology
5.1 Moisture adds weight to the coke and serves no useful
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
purpose. A knowledge of the moisture content is important in
3.1.1 air drying, n—a process of partial drying of a green
the purchase and sale of green petroleum coke (which are
petroleum coke sample to bring it to near equilibrium with the
conducted on a dry basis).
atmosphere in the room in which further reduction/division of
5.2 The collection of the sample as specified for the Drying
the petroleum coke sample is to take place.
Oven Method is intended for the express purpose of determin-
3.1.2 air dry loss (ADL), n—the loss in mass, expressed as
ing the total moisture of green petroleum coke. The standard is
a percentage, resulting from each air drying operation.
available to producers, sellers, and consumers for determina-
3.1.3 free water, n—visible unbound water in the sample.
tion when other techniques or modifications are not mutually
3.1.4 green petroleum coke, n—a solid, carbonaceous resi-
agreed on.
due that has not been calcined, produced by thermal decom-
5.3 The Preparation Procedure is used only when sample
position of heavy petroleum fractions and/or cracked stock.
contains free water. Obtaining a representative sample of a
3.1.5 gross moisture, n—that moisture determined as the
coke source is compounded by the presence of free water.
loss in mass in an air atmosphere under rigidly controlled
conditions of temperature, time, and air flow.
6. Apparatus
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Test Method D 3302 prescribes the
6.1 Ovens:
above controlled conditions.
6.1.1 Air Drying Oven—A device for passing slightly
heated air over the sample. The oven shall be capable of
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on Petro-
maintaining a temperature of 10 to 15°C (18 to 27°F) above
leum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.05on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke, and Oil Shale.
ambient with a maximum oven temperature of 40°C (104°F)
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 1992. Published January 1993. Originally
unless ambient temperature is above 40°C (104°F), in which
published as D 4931 – 89. Last previous edition D 4931 – 89.
case ambient temperature shall be used. Air changes are to be
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.05.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. at the rate of 1 to 4/min. A typical oven is shown in Fig. 1.
D 4931
container and sensitive to 0.1 g.
6.4 Laboratory Sample Containers—Noncorroding cans
with airtight, friction top or screw top sealed with a rubber
gasket and pressure-sensitive tape for use in storage and
transport of the laboratory sample. Glass containers, sealed
with rubber gaskets, can be used, but care must be taken to
avoid breakage in transport.
6.5 Sieves—Meeting Specification E 11.
7. Sampling
7.1 The principles, terms, and procedures as set forth in Test
Methods D 2234 shall apply to the collection of the total
moisture sample. Particular attention is directed to the section
on Sampling Coal for Total Gross Moisture Determination.
7.2 Proceed with determination of moisture without unnec-
essary delay to minimize the loss (or gain) of moisture to air or
the walls of the sample container. Visible condensation on the
walls of the sample container indicates a moisture loss by the
sample. Determine the moisture on the gross sample and
include the sample container in the drying process adding the
weight loss of the container to G (mass of sample) to determine
the total moisture.
8. Procedure
8.1 Preparation Procedure—When the sample contains free
moisture, a conditioning step is needed before determining
gross moisture. If the sample does not contain free water, go to
8.2.
8.1.1 Distribute the required number of increments of the
gross moisture sample in a series of preweighed pans. The
sample is spread to a depth of not more than 50 mm (2 in.) or
twice the diameter of the largest particle for cokes smaller than
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