ASTM F1987-01(2006)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Multilayer Pipe Type 2, Compression Fittings, and Compression Joints for Hydronic Heating Systems
Standard Specification for Multilayer Pipe Type 2, Compression Fittings, and Compression Joints for Hydronic Heating Systems
ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements for multilayer pipe type 2 and compression fittings for hydronic heating systems. Multilayer Pipe Type is a construction-based pressure rated pipe comprising more than one layer in which at least 60 % of the wall thickness is polymeric material. Multilayer pipe type 2 is produced using a butt-welded aluminum pipe as a core, with an extruded inside layer of crosslinked polyethylene (PEX). An adhesive layer is used to bond the inside layer to the wall of the aluminum pipe. An outer layer of polyethylene (PE) and an adhesive layer are extruded to the outer wall of the aluminum pipe. Materials shall be tested and shall conform to specified values of multilayer pipe configurations 1 and 2, compression fittings for multilayer pipe, O-rings, multilayer pipe dimensions, compression fitting dimensions, minimum burst pressure, sustained pressure, thermal cycling test, and excessive temperature/pressure capability. Among the test methods included are: sustained-hydrostatic-pressure test, thermal cycling test, water hammer test, delamination, fusion line test, and excessive temperature/pressure capability test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for multilayer pipe type 2 and compression fittings for hydronic heating systems, with a maximum pressure/temperature range of 1000 kPa (145 psi), at 82°C (180°F).Note 1
Multilayer Pipe Type 2-Construction-based pressure rated pipe comprising more than one layer in which at least 60 % of the wall thickness is polymeric material.
1.2 Multilayer pipe type 2 is produced using a butt-welded aluminum pipe as a core, with an extruded inside layer of crosslinked polyethylene (PEX). An adhesive layer is used to bond the inside layer to the wall of the aluminum pipe. An outer layer of polyethylene (PE) and an adhesive layer are extruded to the outer wall of the aluminum pipe.
1.3 Multilayer pipe type 2 is produced in Configurations 1 and 2, as shown in Fig 1.
1.4 This specification includes compression fittings, which are referenced in Fig. 2.
1.5 Specifications for threaded or solder adapters for use with pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this specification are given in Annex A1 and Annex A2.
The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this specification.Note 2
Multilayer pipe type 2, configurations 1 and 2, for hydronic heating systems are not compatible for drinking water use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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An American National Standard
Designation: F1987 – 01 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Specification for
Multilayer Pipe Type 2, Compression Fittings, and
Compression Joints for Hydronic Heating Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1987; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers requirements for multilayer 2.1 ASTM Standards:
pipe type 2 and compression fittings for hydronic heating B283 Specification for Copper and Copper-Alloy Die Forg-
systems, with a maximum pressure/temperature range of 1000 ings (Hot-Pressed)
kPa (145 psi), at 82°C (180°F). B455 Specification for Copper-Zinc-Lead Alloy (Leaded-
Brass) Extruded Shapes
NOTE 1—Multilayer Pipe Type 2—Construction-based pressure rated
B547/B547M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-
pipe comprising more than one layer in which at least 60 % of the wall
Alloy Formed and Arc-Welded Round Tube
thickness is polymeric material.
B584 Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for
1.2 Multilayer pipe type 2 is produced using a butt-welded
General Applications
aluminum pipe as a core, with an extruded inside layer of
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
crosslinked polyethylene (PEX). An adhesive layer is used to
D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-
bond the inside layer to the wall of the aluminum pipe. An
Gradient Technique
outer layer of polyethylene (PE) and an adhesive layer are
D1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe
extruded to the outer wall of the aluminum pipe.
Under Constant Internal Pressure
1.3 Multilayer pipe type 2 is produced in Configurations 1
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
and 2, as shown in Fig. 1.
Plastics
1.4 This specification includes compression fittings, which
D1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
are referenced in Fig. 2.
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
1.5 Specifications for threaded or solder adapters for use
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
with pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this speci-
D3222 Specification for Unmodified Poly(Vinylidene Fluo-
fication are given in Annex A1 and Annex A2.
ride) (PVDF) Molding Extrusion and Coating Materials
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
D3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures and En-
test method portion of this specification: This standard does
thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
D3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
Fittings Materials
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
D5033 Guide for Development of ASTM Standards Relat-
to use.
ing to Recycling and Use of Recycled Plastics
1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
F477 SpecificationforElastomericSeals(Gaskets)forJoin-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
ing Plastic Pipe
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
2.2 ISO Standard:
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
ISO 10508 Thermoplastics Pipe and Fittings for Hot and
with this specification.
Cold Water Systems
NOTE 2—Multilayer pipe type 2, configurations 1 and 2, for hydronic
heating systems are not compatible for drinking water use.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.11 on the ASTM website.
Composite. Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006. Published January 2007. on www.astm.org.
Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
F1987–01. DOI: 10.1520/F1987-01R06. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F1987 – 01 (2006)
core is used as compression sleeve to develop sufficient
mechanical strength for the connection (see Fig. 2).
3.2.3 lot, n—all pipe of the same size produced from one
extrusion line during one designated period.
3.2.4 multilayer pipe—abbreviation used in this specifica-
tion for multilayer pipe type 2.
4. Classification
Layer: 1 2 3 4 5
4.1 Multilayer pipe and compression fittings produced un-
Configuration 1 HDPE Adhesive Al - Adhesive PEX
(1)
der this specification shall be suitable for hydronic heating
Layer Alloy Layer crosslinkable
Configuration 2 MDPE Adhesive Al - Adhesive PEX
(1)
systems at specified pressure ratings and temperatures.
Layer Alloy Layer crosslinkable
PEX : Material is being crosslinked partially during manufacturing process. 5. Materials and Manufacture
(1)
Final crosslinking takes place during use.
5.1 Specification for Material and Manufacture of Multi-
FIG. 1 Multilayer Pipe Sample for Configurations 1 and 2
layer Pipe Configurations 1 and 2:
5.1.1 Polyethylene (PE), shall meet the requirement pro-
vided in Specification D3350 and shall equal or exceed a
minimum cell classification of 234233 B or 345442 B. Color
and form of the material shall be in accordance with the
agreement between purchaser and supplier under Specification
D3350.
5.1.2 Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX), shall equal or ex-
ceed a minimum cell classification 344543 A. Form of the
material shall be in accordance with the agreement between
purchaser and supplier under Specification D3350.
5.1.3 Adhesive Polymers, shall be modified low molecular
weight PE with a minimum density of 0.915 g/cm and
different levels of comonomer for adhesion to aluminum and
othersubstrates.Themeltingpointshallnotbelessthan120°C
FIG. 2 Compression Fittings and O-Rings for Multilayer Pipe
(248°F). Density shall be determined in accordance with Test
Method D1505 and melting point in accordance with Test
Method D3418.
2.3 ARP Standard:
AS 568 A Aerospace Size Standard for O-Rings 5.1.4 Aluminum Pipe—Mechanical Properties—Minimum
tensile strength shall be 80 MPa (11 600 psi), minimum
3. Terminology
elongation shall be 22 % A5, in accordance with Test Method
B547/B547M.
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
nology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi- 5.1.5 Reusable Material—Reusable material as defined in
Guide D5033 issued from the multilayer pipe manufacturer
nology D1600, unless otherwise specified.
3.1.1 crosslinkable polyethylene, n—plastic prepared by shall be used for the outside coating of the multilayer pipe.
crosslinking (curing) of PE compound partially during manu- 5.2 SpecificationforMaterialandManufactureofCompres-
facturing process and final crosslinking during use. sion Fittings for Multilayer Pipe:
3.1.2 crosslinked polyethylene (PEX), n—plastic prepared 5.2.1 Compression fittings made from cast bronze shall
by crosslinking (curing) of polyethylene compound.
meettherequirementsofSpecificationB584UNScopperalloy
3.1.3 multilayer pipe type 2, n—pipe consisting of different C8360.
materials with specific functional purpose to serve as pipe.
5.2.2 Compression fittings made from brass shall meet the
3.1.4 pressure ratings, PR, n—the maximum, continuous
requirements of Specification B455, copper alloy C3850 or
water pressure at a specified temperature that is capable of
Specification B283 copper alloy C3770.
withstanding without failure.
5.2.3 Compression fittings made from plastic shall be injec-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
tion molded from virgin material and meet the requirements of
3.2.1 adhesive, n—a low-molecular-weight PE that func-
Specification D3222, Type II.
tions as an adhesive layer and bonds the PEX to aluminum
5.3 Material Specification for O-Rings—The O-ring mate-
pipe.
rial shall be EPDM, with a hardness of 70° IRHD, in
3.2.2 compression fittings for multilayer pipe, n—fittings
accordance with Specification F477. O-ring dimensions shall
developed specially for multilayer pipe in which the aluminum
be in accordance with AS 568 A.
6. Requirements
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org. 6.1 Multilayer Pipe Dimensions:
F1987 – 01 (2006)
6.1.1 Outside Diameter—The outside diameter shall meet irregularities such as cracks, bubbles, pin holes or other
the requirements of Table 1, when measured in accordance imperfections. There shall be no evidence of delamination
with Test Method D2122.
duringtestingorassemblingofmultilayerpipeandtheselected
6.1.2 WallThickness—Thewallthicknessofcompositepipe
fittings.
shall meet the requirements of Table 1 when measured in
7.2 Workmanship for Compression Fittings—Compression
accordance with Test Method D2122. The wall thickness and
fittings for multilayer pipe shall be suitable for the intended
the outside diameter of the aluminum pipe shall be determined
application and free from defects. The selected fittings shall be
prior to the next manufacturing steps.
smooth and free of any sharp-edged grooves, which could
6.1.3 Average Thickness of Inner and Outer Layers—The
damage the pipe.
averagethicknessoftheinnerandouterlayersofthemultilayer
pipe will be calculated as follows:
8. Test Methods
6.1.3.1 Average Thickness of the Outer Layer—The average
outside diameter of the multilayer pipe minus the average 8.1 Sustained-Hydrostatic-Pressure Test—Multilayer pipe
outside diameter of the aluminum pipe multiplied by 0.5. and fittings shall be tested in accordance with Test Method
6.1.3.2 Average Thickness of the Inner Layer—The average
D1598. Tests shall be performed at 1 h and 1000 h in
wall thickness of the multilayer pipe minus the average wall
accordancewithTable6.Nofailureshalloccurfortheduration
thickness of the aluminum pipe minus the average wall
of the tests.
thickness of the outer layer.
8.2 Thermal Cycling Test—The multilayer pipe and fittings
6.1.4 Length—The pipe shall be supplied in coils or in
shall be tested in accordance with ISO 10508, referring to Fig.
straight lengths in accordance with the agreement between
4. There shall be no leakage from pipes, fittings, or joints after
purchaserandseller.Thetoleranceshallbe+100mmforcoiled
completion of 5000 cycles, each with a duration of 30 6 2 min
lengths, and +10 mm for straight lengths.
at a constant internal pressure of 1000 6 50 kPa (145 6 7.25
6.2 Compression Fitting/Dimensions—Compression fittings
psi). Each cycle shall comprise 15 min of cold water at 20 6
shall meet the requirements of Table 2 when measured in
2°C (68 6 3.6°F) and 15 min of hot water at 90 6 2°C (194
accordance with Test Method D2122.
6 3.6°F).
6.2.1 Compression Tool—The compression tool shall meet
8.3 Water Hammer Test—Multilayer pipe and fittings shall
the requirements ofTable 3 when measured in accordance with
not fail when subjected to 10 000 cycles. Tests shall be
Test Method D2122.
performed at room temperature, pressure cycles alternating
6.3 Minimum Burst Pressure—The minimum burst pressure
between 100 6 50 kPa (14.51 6 7.25 psi) and 1500 6 50 kPa
for multilayer pipe and compression fittings for hydronic
(220 67.25psi)atarateof30 65permin.Testinaccordance
heating systems shall be as given in Table 5.
6.4 Sustained Pressure—The multilayer pipe and fittings with ISO 10508, referring to Fig. 5.
shallnotfailatthetestpressureandtemperaturegiveninTable
8.4 Delamination—Multilayer pipe shall not delaminate
6 when tested in accordance with 8.1.
when tested with the adapter tool in Table 4, as described in
6.5 Thermal Cycling Test—The multilayer pipe and fittings
Fig. 6. The depth to which the adapter tool is to be inserted
shall not fail when tested in accordance with 8.2.
shall be marked. No delamination of bond shall occur.
6.6 Excessive Temperature/Pressure Capability—In the
8.5 Fusion Line Test—The adapter tool has to be inserted
event of a waterheating systems malfunction, the multilayer
into the multilayer pipe to the indicated depth (see Fig. 6). No
pipe and fittings shall have adequate strength to accommodate
visible damage shall occur on the fusion line or at any place of
short-term conditions, 30 days at 100°C (212°F), 1200 kPa
the aluminum section.
(175 psi) until repairs can be made. Tests will be made in
8.6 Excessive Temperature/Pressure Capability—Test six
accordance with 8.6.
assemblies of multilayer pipe and fittings selected at random in
7. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
accordance with Test Method D1598, except the test tempera-
ture shall be 100 6 2°C (212 6 3.6°F), the test pressure shall
7.1 Workmanship for Multilayer Pipe—Multilayer pipe
must have a smooth inner and outer surface, free from be 1200 kPa (175 psi), the external test environment shall be
TABLE 1 Multilayer Pipe Dimensions
Thickness Out-of-
Thickness
Thickness of of Thickness of Roundness
Outside Inside Diameter, of Inside Aluminum
Config- Wall Thickness, Inside PEX Outside Outside HDPE Minimum
Diameter, Adhesive Thickness,
uration mm (in.) Layer, Adhesive Layer, Inside
mm (in.) mm (in.) Layer, mm (in.)
mm (in.) Layer, mm (in.) Diameter,
mm (in.)
mm (in.) mm (in.)
126 6 0.2 20 6 0.2 3.00 +0.25 –0.1 1.25 6 0.15 0.15 0.70 +0.06 –0.02 0.15 0.75 6 0.15 19.3
(1.024 6 0.008) (0.787 6 0.008) (0.118 +0.010 –0.004) (0.049 6 0.006) (0.006) (0.028 +0.002 –0.001) (0.006) (0.030 6 0.006) (0.760)
16 6 0.2 11.5 6 0.2 2.25 +0.2 –0.1 0.60 +0.15 –0.1 0.15 0.40 +0.01 –0.03 0.15 0.95 +0.2 –0.1 10.8
(0.630 6 0.008) (0.453 6 0.008)(0.089 +0.008 –0.004)(0.024 +0.006 –0.004) (0.006) (0.016 +0.000– 0.001) (0.006) (0.037 +0.008 –0.004) (0.425)
220 6 0.2 15 6 0.2 2.50 +0.2 –0.1 0.70 +0.2 –0.1 0.15 0.47 +0.01 –0.03 0.15 1.03 +0.2 –0.1 14.3
(0.787 6 0.008) (0.591 6 0.008)(0.098 +0.008 –0.004)(0.028 +0.008 –0.004) (0.006) (0.019 +0.000– 0.001) (0.006) (0.041 +0.008 –0.004) (0.563)
F1987 – 01 (2006)
TABLE 2 Compression Fittings and O-Rings for Multilayer Pipe Dimensions
...
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