ASTM A372/A372M-20
(Specification)Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels
Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels
ABSTRACT
This specification deals with carbon and alloy steel forgings (including gas bottles) for use in thin-walled pressure vessels. Covered here are the following grades of steel forgings: Grade A; Grade B; Grade C; Grade D; Grade E, Classes 55, 65, and 70; Grade F, Classes 55, 65, and 70; Grade G, Classes 55, 65, and 70; Grade H, Classes 55, 65, and 70; Grade J, Classes 55, 65, and 70; Grade K; Grade L; Grade J, Class 110; and Grade M, Classes 85 and 100. Materials shall be manufactured by melting procedures, and optionally heat treated by normalization, normalization and tempering, or liquid-quenching and tempering. Heat and product analyses shall be performed wherein steel specimens shall conform to required chemical compositions of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium. Steel materials shall also undergo bending, flattening and hardness tests and shall conform to required values of tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and hardness. Forgings shall be subjected to magnetic particle examination as well.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers relatively thin-walled forgings (including gas bottles) for pressure vessel use. Three types of carbon steel and six types of alloy steel are included. Provision is made for integrally forging the ends of vessel bodies made from seamless pipe or tubing.
Note 1: When working to the chemical and tensile requirements of this specification, the influence of wall thickness and cooling rate will necessarily eliminate certain forging sizes in each class.
Note 2: Designations have been changed as follows:
Current
Formerly
Grade A
Type I
Grade B
Type II
Grade C
Type III
Grade D
Type IV
Grade E Class 55
Type V Grade 1 Class 55
Grade E Class 65
Type V Grade 1 Class 65
Grade E Class 70
Type V Grade 1 Class 70
Grade F Class 55
Type V Grade 2 Class 55
Grade F Class 65
Type V Grade 2 Class 65
Grade F Class 70
Type V Grade 2 Class 70
Grade G Class 55
Type V Grade 3 Class 55
Grade G Class 65
Type V Grade 3 Class 65
Grade G Class 70
Type V Grade 3 Class 70
Grade H Class 55
Type V Grade 4 Class 55
Grade H Class 65
Type V Grade 4 Class 65
Grade H Class 70
Type V Grade 4 Class 70
Grade J Class 55
Type V Grade 5 Class 55
Grade J Class 65
Type V Grade 5 Class 65
Grade J Class 70
Type V Grade 5 Class 70
Grade K
Type VI
Grade L
Type VII
Grade J Class 110
Type VIII
Grade M Class 85
Type IX Class A
Grade M Class 100
Type IX Class B
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.3 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation:A372/A372M −20
Standard Specification for
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure
1
Vessels
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA372/A372M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.3 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-
2 tion designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to
1.1 This specification covers relatively thin-walled forg-
inch-pound units.
ings (including gas bottles) for pressure vessel use.Three types
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
of carbon steel and six types of alloy steel are included.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Provision is made for integrally forging the ends of vessel
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
bodies made from seamless pipe or tubing.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
NOTE 1—When working to the chemical and tensile requirements of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
this specification, the influence of wall thickness and cooling rate will
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
necessarily eliminate certain forging sizes in each class.
NOTE 2—Designations have been changed as follows:
2. Referenced Documents
Current Formerly
3
Grade A Type I
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Grade B Type II
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of
Grade C Type III
Grade D Type IV
Steel Forgings
Grade E Class 55 Type V Grade 1 Class 55
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
Grade E Class 65 Type V Grade 1 Class 65
of Steel Products
Grade E Class 70 Type V Grade 1 Class 70
Grade F Class 55 Type V Grade 2 Class 55
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel
Grade F Class 65 Type V Grade 2 Class 65
Forgings
Grade F Class 70 Type V Grade 2 Class 70
A530/A530M Specification for General Requirements for
Grade G Class 55 Type V Grade 3 Class 55
Grade G Class 65 Type V Grade 3 Class 65
Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
Grade G Class 70 Type V Grade 3 Class 70
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
Grade H Class 55 Type V Grade 4 Class 55
quirements
Grade H Class 65 Type V Grade 4 Class 65
Grade H Class 70 Type V Grade 4 Class 70
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
Grade J Class 55 Type V Grade 5 Class 55
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for Gen-
Grade J Class 65 Type V Grade 5 Class 65
eral Industry
Grade J Class 70 Type V Grade 5 Class 70
Grade K Type VI
E290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductil-
Grade L Type VII
ity
Grade J Class 110 Type VIII
E433 Reference Photographs for Liquid Penetrant Inspec-
Grade M Class 85 Type IX Class A
Grade M Class 100 Type IX Class B
tion
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units 2.2 ASME Standard:
4
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
3. Ordering Information and General Requirements
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
used independently of the other, and values from the two
3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by
systems shall not be combined.
Specification A788/A788M, the purchaser shall include with
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
3
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved March 1, 2020. Published March 2020. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
published in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as A372/A372M–16. the ASTM website.
4
DOI: 10.1520/A0372_A0372M–20. Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi- International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
cation SA-372/SA-372M in Section II of that code. www.asme.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A372/A372M−20
the inquiry and order a detailed drawing, sketch, or written 5. Chemical Composition
descriptionoftheforgingandtheareasofsig
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A372/A372M − 16 A372/A372M − 20
Standard Specification for
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure
1
Vessels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A372/A372M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers relatively thin-walled forgings (including gas bottles) for pressure vessel use. Three types of
carbon steel and six types of alloy steel are included. Provision is made for integrally forging the ends of vessel bodies made from
seamless pipe or tubing.
NOTE 1—When working to the chemical and tensile requirements of this specification, the influence of wall thickness and cooling rate will necessarily
eliminate certain forging sizes in each class.
NOTE 2—Designations have been changed as follows:
Current Formerly
Grade A Type I
Grade B Type II
Grade C Type III
Grade D Type IV
Grade E Class 55 Type V Grade 1 Class 55
Grade E Class 65 Type V Grade 1 Class 65
Grade E Class 70 Type V Grade 1 Class 70
Grade F Class 55 Type V Grade 2 Class 55
Grade F Class 65 Type V Grade 2 Class 65
Grade F Class 70 Type V Grade 2 Class 70
Grade G Class 55 Type V Grade 3 Class 55
Grade G Class 65 Type V Grade 3 Class 65
Grade G Class 70 Type V Grade 3 Class 70
Grade H Class 55 Type V Grade 4 Class 55
Grade H Class 65 Type V Grade 4 Class 65
Grade H Class 70 Type V Grade 4 Class 70
Grade J Class 55 Type V Grade 5 Class 55
Grade J Class 65 Type V Grade 5 Class 65
Grade J Class 70 Type V Grade 5 Class 70
Grade K Type VI
Grade L Type VII
Grade J Class 110 Type VIII
Grade M Class 85 Type IX Class A
Grade M Class 100 Type IX Class B
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system mayare not benecessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combiningother, and values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
standard.shall not be combined.
1.3 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to
inch-pound units.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016March 1, 2020. Published January 2017March 2020. Originally published in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 20152016 as
A372/A372M – 15.A372/A372M–16. DOI: 10.1520/A0372_A0372M-16.10.1520/A0372_A0372M–20.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA-372/SA-372M in Section II of that code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A372/A372M − 20
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Forgings
A530/A530M Specification for General Requirements for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for General Industry
E290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductility
E433 Reference Photographs for Liquid Penetrant Inspection
2.2 ASME Standard:
4
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
3. Ordering Information and General Requirements
3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by Specification A788/A788M, the purchaser shall include with the inquiry
and order a detailed drawing, sketch, or written description of the forging and the areas of significa
...
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