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ASTM F34-02(2007)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Construction of Test Cell for Liquid Extraction of Flexible Barrier Materials

Standard Practice for Construction of Test Cell for Liquid Extraction of Flexible Barrier Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Knowledge of extractives from flexible barrier materials may serve many useful purposes. A test cell constructed as described in this practice may be used for obtaining such data. Another test cell has been found equivalent to the one described in this practice. See the appendix for the source of the alternate cell.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the construction of test cells which may be used for the extraction of components from flexible barrier materials by suitable extracting liquids, including foods and food simulating solvents.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2007
ICS
55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
Technical Committee
F02 - Primary Barrier Packaging
Drafting Committee
F02.15 - Chemical/Safety Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F34-02 - Standard Practice for Construction of Test Cell for Liquid Extraction of Flexible Barrier Materials
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Replaced By
ASTM F34-13 - Standard Practice for Construction of Test Cell for Liquid Extraction of Flexible Barrier Materials
Effective Date
01-Apr-2013

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ASTM F34-02(2007) - Standard Practice for Construction of Test Cell for Liquid Extraction of Flexible Barrier MaterialsASTM F34-02(2007) - Standard Practice for Construction of Test Cell for Liquid Extraction of Flexible Barrier Materials
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ASTM F34-02(2007) - Standard Practice for Construction of Test Cell for Liquid Extraction of Flexible Barrier Materials
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F34 − 02(Reapproved 2007)
Standard Practice for
Construction of Test Cell for Liquid Extraction of Flexible
1
Barrier Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F34; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope described in this practice may be used for obtaining such data.
Another test cell has been found equivalent to the one
1.1 This practice covers the construction of test cells which
described in this practice. See the appendix for the source of
may be used for the extraction of components from flexible
the alternate cell.
barrier materials by suitable extracting liquids, including foods
and food simulating solvents.
5. Reagents and Materials
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
2. Referenced Documents
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
accuracy of the determination.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
5.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
2.2 AOAC International Methods of Analysis:
3
to water shall be understood to mean referee reagent grade
Extractives from Flexible Barrier Materials
corresponding to Specification D1193.
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations:
4
Title 21, Sections 176.170
5.3 n-Heptane, boiling point specified as 208°F (97°C),
freshly distilled.
3. Terminology
6. Procedure
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 flexible— for purpose of this practice, a term applying
6.1 Construction of Test Cell (Fig. 1, Fig. 2)—Assemble as
onlytothoseflexiblematerialswhichcanbeinsertedinthetest
follows:
cell without affecting their barrier properties. 3 1
6.1.1 Two 8 by 11 ⁄8 by ⁄8-in. (203 by 289 by 3.2-mm) No.
316 stainless steel plates, degreased.
4. Significance and Use
1 1
6.1.2 One ⁄4 by 1 ⁄2-in. (6.4 by 38-mm) U-shaped virgin
4.1 Knowledge of extractives from flexible barrier materials
TFE-fluorocarbon gasket, grooved on both sides as shown.
1
may serve many useful purposes. A test cell constructed as
6.1.3 Twelve ⁄4 by 1-in. (6.4 by 25.4-mm) stainless steel
bolts with wing nuts.
1
6.1.4 One ⁄4 by 1 by 8-in. (6.4 by 25.4 by 203-mm)
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on Flexible
Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.15 on TFE-fluorocarbon gasket plug tapered to provide a tight fit.
Chemical/Safety Properties. 1 3
6.1.5 Six ⁄8 by ⁄8 by 3-in. (6.4 by 9.5 by 76-mm) plates.
Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published May 2007. Originally
approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F34 – 02. DOI:
NOTE 1—The use of stainless steel washers on the outside of each plate
10.1520/F0034-02R07.
(6.1.1) may prevent the cells from leaking.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.2 Pre-Use Conditioning of Test Cell:
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 5
This method is available through the Association of Official Analytical Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , American
Chemists, International, 481 North Frederick Ave., Suite 500, Gaithersburg, MD Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
20877–2417. listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
4
AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments, Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:// and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
www.access.gpo.gov. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F34 − 02 (2007)
SI Equivalents
in. mm in. mm in. mm
1 5 1
⁄16 1.6 ⁄8 15.9 2 ⁄4 57
1 3
⁄8 3.2 ⁄4 19 3 76
1
...

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1.1 This practice covers conditioning of flexible barrier materials for the determination of flex resistance. Subsequent testing can be performed to determine the effects of flexing on material properties. These tests are beyond the scope of this practice.  
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SCOPE
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4.1 Contaminants may enter the package through leaks. Alternatively, product may be lost from the package through leaks. These leaks are frequently found at seals between package components of the same or dissimilar materials.  
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SCOPE
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1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the strength of seals in flexible barrier materials.  
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Standard Practice for Construction of Test Cell for Liquid Extraction of Flexible Barrier Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Knowledge of extractives from flexible barrier materials may serve many useful purposes. A test cell constructed as described in this practice may be used for obtaining such data. Another test cell has been found equivalent to the one described in this practice. See the appendix for the source of the alternate cell.  
5.2 United States Federal Regulations 21CFR 176.170 (d)(3), 21CFR 177.1330 (e)(4), 21CFR 177.1360 (b), 21CFR 177.1670 (b), and 21CFR Appendix VI (b) cite this standard practice as the basis for determining the amount of extractables from the surface of a package or multilayer film or modified paper in contact with food. In some cases, it is the only practice defined for this purpose. No alternative detail is given in the regulations for conducting extractions.  
5.3 Test Method D4754 is not an equivalent to this test method. It is for two-sided extraction of films having the same material on both of the exposed surfaces of the film.
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5.3 Modification of this procedure by utilizing appropriate qualitative GC detection devices such as a mass spectrometer in place of the flame ionization detector may provide identification of volatile organics of unknown identity.
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1.4 For purposes of verifying the identity of or identifying unknown volatile compounds the analyst is encouraged to incorporate techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, gas chromatography/infrared spectroscopy or other suitable techniques in conjunction with this test method.  
1.5 Sensitivity of this test method in the determination of the concentration of a given retained solvent must be determined on a case by case basis due to the variation in the substrate/solvent interaction between different types of samples.  
1.6 This test method does not address the determination of total retained solvents in a packaging material. Techniques such as multiple headspace extraction can be employed to this end. The analyst is referred to the manual supplied with the GC-Autosampling system for guidance.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
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5.2 The procedures presented in this test method allow the user to carry out package and seal integrity testing with sufficient sensitivity to quantify seals in the previously defined moderate to fine seal ranges.  
5.3 By employing seal-isolating leak testing fixtures, packages constructed of various materials can be tested in the full range of seal performance requirements. Design of these fixtures is beyond the scope of this method.  
5.4 These seal/package integrity test procedures can be utilized as:  
5.4.1 A design tool,  
5.4.2 For tooling qualification,  
5.4.3 Process setup,  
5.4.4 Process validation tool,  
5.4.5 Quality assurance monitoring, or  
5.4.6 Research and development.
SCOPE
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1.2.1 Procedure A: Sniffer Mode—the package is scanned externally for helium escaping into the atmosphere or fixture.  
1.2.2 Procedure B: Vacuum Mode—the helium containing package is placed in a closed fixture. After drawing a vacuum, helium escaping into the closed fixture (capture volume) is detected. Typically, the fixtures are custom made for the specific package under test.  
1.3 The sensitivity of the method can range from the detection of:  
1.3.1 Large leaks—10-2 Pa·m 3/s to 10-5 Pa·m3/s (10–1 cc/sec/atm to 10-4 cc/sec/atm).  
1.3.2 Moderate leaks—10-5 Pa·m 3/s to 10-7 Pa·m3/s (10-4 cc/sec/atm to 10-6 cc/sec/atm).  
1.3.3 Fine leaks—10-7 Pa·m 3/s to 10-9 Pa·m3/s (10-6 cc/sec/atm to 10-8 cc/sec/atm).  
1.3.4 Ultra-Fine leak—10-9 Pa·m 3/s to 10-11 Pa·m3/s (10-8 cc/sec/atm to 10-10 cc/sec/atm).
Note 1: Conversion from cc/sec/atm to Pa·m3/s is achieved by multiplying by 0.1.  
1.4 The terms large, moderate, fine and ultra-fine are relative terms only and do not imply the acceptability of any leak rate. The individual application dictates the level of integrity needed. For many packaging applications, only “large leaks” are considered unacceptable and the ability to detect smaller leaks is immaterial. All leak rates referred...

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