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ASTM A751-14a

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products

Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods, practices, and terminology cover definitions, reference methods, practices, and guides relating to the chemical analysis of steel, stainless steel, and related alloys. It includes both wet chemical and instrumental techniques.  
1.2 Directions are provided for handling chemical requirements, product analyses, residual elements, and reference standards, and for the treatment and reporting of chemical analysis data.  
1.3 These test methods, practices, and terminology apply only to those product standards which include these test methods, practices, and terminology, or parts thereof, as a requirement.  
1.4 In cases of conflict, the product specification requirements shall take precedence over the requirements of these test methods, practices, and terminology.  
1.5 Attention is directed to ISO/IEC 17025 when there may be a need for information on criteria for evaluation of testing laboratories.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2014
ICS
77.040.30 - Chemical analysis of metals
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.13 - Mechanical and Chemical Testing and Processing Methods of Steel Products and Processes
Current Stage
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A751 − 14a
Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
1
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A751; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
These test methods, practices, and terminology were prepared to answer the need for a single
document that would include all aspects of obtaining and reporting the chemical analysis of steel,
stainless steel, and related alloys. Such subjects as definitions of terms and product (check) analysis
variations(tolerances)requiredclarification.Requirementsforsampling,meetingspecifiedlimits,and
treatment of data usually were not clearly established in product specifications.
It is intended that these test methods, practices, and terminology will contain all requirements for
the determination of chemical composition of steel, stainless steel, or related alloys so that product
specifications will need contain only special modifications and exceptions.
1. Scope* priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 These test methods, practices, and terminology cover
definitions,referencemethods,practices,andguidesrelatingto
2. Referenced Documents
the chemical analysis of steel, stainless steel, and related
2
alloys. It includes both wet chemical and instrumental tech-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
niques. E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.2 Directions are provided for handling chemical
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
requirements, product analyses, residual elements, and refer-
erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and
ence standards, and for the treatment and reporting of chemical
Related Materials
analysis data.
E60 Practice for Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related
1.3 These test methods, practices, and terminology apply
Materials by Spectrophotometry
only to those product standards which include these test
E322 Test Method for Analysis of Low-Alloy Steels and
methods, practices, and terminology, or parts thereof, as a
Cast Irons byWavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence
requirement.
Spectrometry
1.4 In cases of conflict, the product specification require- E350 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel,
Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and
ments shall take precedence over the requirements of these test
methods, practices, and terminology. Wrought Iron
E352 TestMethodsforChemicalAnalysisofToolSteelsand
1.5 Attention is directed to ISO/IEC 17025 when there may
Other Similar Medium- and High-Alloy Steels
be a need for information on criteria for evaluation of testing
E353 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Stainless,
laboratories.
Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar Chromium-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Nickel-Iron Alloys
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E354 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Temperature,Electrical,Magnetic,andOtherSimilarIron,
Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys
1
These test methods, practices, and terminology are under the jurisdiction of
ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and are the
direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.13 on Mechanical and Chemical Testing
2
and Processing Methods of Steel Products and Processes. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as A751 – 14. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/A0751-14A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A751 − 14a
NOTE 1—All of the chemical analysis procedures referenced in these
E415 Test Method for Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy
test methods include precision statements with reproducibility data, with
Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
the exception of Test Methods E50.
E548 Guide for General Criteria Used for Evaluating Labo-
3
3.1.1.3 product analysis tolerances (Note 2)
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A751 − 14 A751 − 14a
Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
1
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A751; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
These test methods, practices, and terminology were prepared to answer the need for a single
document that would include all aspects of obtaining and reporting the chemical analysis of steel,
stainless steel, and related alloys. Such subjects as definitions of terms and product (check) analysis
variations (tolerances) required clarification. Requirements for sampling, meeting specified limits, and
treatment of data usually were not clearly established in product specifications.
It is intended that these test methods, practices, and terminology will contain all requirements for
the determination of chemical composition of steel, stainless steel, or related alloys so that product
specifications will need contain only special modifications and exceptions.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods, practices, and terminology cover definitions, reference methods, practices, and guides relating to the
chemical analysis of steel, stainless steel, and related alloys. It includes both wet chemical and instrumental techniques.
1.2 Directions are provided for handling chemical requirements, product analyses, residual elements, and reference standards,
and for the treatment and reporting of chemical analysis data.
1.3 These test methods, practices, and terminology apply only to those product standards which include these test methods,
practices, and terminology, or parts thereof, as a requirement.
1.4 In cases of conflict, the product specification requirements shall take precedence over the requirements of these test methods,
practices, and terminology.
1.5 Attention is directed to ISO/IEC 17025 when there may be a need for information on criteria for evaluation of testing
laboratories.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E60 Practice for Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials by Spectrophotometry
E322 Test Method for Analysis of Low-Alloy Steels and Cast Irons by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence
Spectrometry
E350 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought
Iron
1
These test methods, practices, and terminology are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and are the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee A01.13 on Mechanical and Chemical Testing and Processing Methods of Steel Products and Processes.
Current edition approved March 1, 2014Oct. 1, 2014. Published April 2014October 2014. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20112014 as
A751 – 11.A751 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/A0751-14.10.1520/A0751-14A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A751 − 14a
E352 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Tool Steels and Other Similar Medium- and High-Alloy Steels
E353 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Stainless, Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar Chromium-Nickel-Iron
Alloys
E354 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-Temperature, Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron, Nickel, and
Cobalt Alloys
E415 Test Method
...

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1.1 These test methods and practices cover definitions, reference methods, practices, and guides relating to the chemical analysis of steel, stainless steel, and related alloys. They include both wet chemical and instrumental techniques.  
1.2 Directions are provided for handling chemical requirements, product analyses, residual elements, and reference standards, and for the treatment and reporting of chemical analysis data.  
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4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of chromium metal and ferrochromium alloy are primarily intended to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications such as Specifications A101 and A481. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of chromium and ferrochromium having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Composition, %  
Aluminum  
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Antimony  
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Arsenic  
0.005 max  
Bismuth  
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Boron  
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Nickel  
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Nitrogen  
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Phosphorus  
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Silicon  
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Silver  
0.005 max  
Sulfur  
0.07 max  
Tantalum  
0.05 max  
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Vanadium  
0.50 max  
Zinc  
0.005 max  
Zirconium  
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1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Arsenic by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Test Method
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10 – 20  
Lead by the Dithizone Spectrophotometric Test Method
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21 – 31  
Chromium by the Sodium Peroxide Fusion-Titrimetric Test Method
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SCOPE
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ASTM E439-23(Test Method)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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ABSTRACT
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SCOPE
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1.1.1 Refer to Practice E255 for copper and copper alloys.  
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SCOPE
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1.3 Wrought products may be in the form of flat, pipe, tube, rod, bar, shape, or forging.  
1.4 This practice is not intended to supersede or replace existing specification requirements for the sampling of a particular material.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The metallurgical properties of magnesium and its alloys are highly dependant on chemical composition. Precise and accurate analyses are essential to obtaining desired properties, meeting customer specifications and helping to reduce scrap due to off-grade material.  
5.2 This test method is applicable to chill cast specimens as defined in Practice B953 and can also be applied to other types of samples provided that suitable reference materials are available.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the analysis of magnesium and its alloys by atomic emission spectrometry. The magnesium specimen to be analyzed may be in the form of a chill cast disk, casting, sheet, plate, extrusion or some other wrought form or shape. The elements covered in the scope of this method are listed in the table below.    
Element  
Mass Fraction Range (Wt %)  
Aluminum  
0.001 to 12.0  
Beryllium  
0.0001 to 0.01  
Boron  
0.0001 to 0.01  
Cadmium  
0.0001 to 0.05  
Calcium  
0.0005 to 0.05  
Cerium  
0.01 to 3.0  
Chromium  
0.0002 to 0.005  
Copper  
0.001 to 0.05  
Dysprosium  
0.01 to 1.0  
Erbium  
0.01 to 1.0  
Gadolinium  
0.01 to 3.0  
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0.001 to 0.06  
Lanthanum  
0.01 to 1.5  
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0.005 to 0.1  
Lithium  
0.001 to 0.05  
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0.001 to 2.0  
Neodymium  
0.01 to 3.0  
Nickel  
0.0005 to 0.05  
Phosphorus  
0.0002 to 0.01  
Praseodymium  
0.01 to 0.5  
Samarium  
0.01 to 1.0  
Silicon  
0.002 to 5.0  
Silver  
0.001 to 0.2  
Sodium  
0.0005 to 0.01  
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0.01 to 4.0  
Tin  
0.002 to 0.05  
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0.001 to 0.02  
Yttrium  
0.02 to 7.0  
Ytterbium  
0.01 to 1.0  
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0.001 to 10.0  
Zirconium  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the chemical analysis of zinc alloys having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Composition Range, %  
Aluminum  
3.0–8.0  
Antimony  
0.002 max  
Cadmium  
0.025 max  
Cerium  
0.03–0.10  
Copper  
0.10 max  
Iron  
0.10 max  
Lanthanum  
0.03–0.10  
Lead  
0.026 max  
Magnesium  
0.05 max  
Silicon  
0.015 max  
Tin  
0.002 max  
Titanium  
0.02 max  
Zirconium  
0.02 max  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 Included are procedures for elements in the following composition ranges:    
Element  
Composition Range, %  
Aluminum  
3.0–8.0  
Cadmium  
0.0016–0.025  
Cerium  
0.005–0.10  
Iron  
0.0015–0.10  
Lanthanum  
0.009–0.10  
Lead  
0.002–0.026  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety hazards statements are given in Section 8, 11.2, and 13.1.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Test Method for Determining Susceptibility to Stress-Corrosion Cracking of 2XXX and 7XXX Aluminum Alloy Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The 3.5 % NaCl solution alternate immersion test provides a test environment for detecting materials that would be likely to be susceptible to SCC in natural outdoor environments, especially environments with marine influences.3,4,5 For determining actual serviceability of a material, other stress-corrosion tests should be performed in the intended service environment under conditions relating to the end use, including protective measures.  
4.2 Although this test method is intended for certain alloy types and for testing products primarily in the short-transverse stressing direction, this method is useful for some other types of alloys and stressing directions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a uniform procedure for characterizing the resistance to stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) of high-strength aluminum alloy wrought products for the guidance of those who perform stress-corrosion tests, for those who prepare stress-corrosion specifications, and for materials engineers.  
1.2 This test method covers method of sampling, type of specimen, specimen preparation, test environment, and method of exposure for determining the susceptibility to SCC of 2XXX (with 1.8 % to 7.0 % copper) and 7XXX (with 0.4 % to 2.8 % copper) aluminum alloy products, particularly when stressed in the short-transverse direction relative to the grain structure.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
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ASTM
ASTM E3346-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Combustion, Inert Gas Fusion and Hot Extraction Instruments for use in Analyzing Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The chemical measurement processes covered by this guide are used for determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, Oxygen and Hydrogen in metals, ores and related materials. A test method utilizing this guidance is used to test such materials, and also form the basis for quality assurance of these materials. Thus, it is economically and scientifically critical that these instruments be understood by the laboratories that use them.  
5.2 It is assumed that all who use this guide will be trained analysts, capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully, and safely. It is expected that any work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.  
5.3 It is expected that the laboratory will prepare their own work procedures for any of the information described in this guide.  
5.4 This guide contains numerous references to “manufacturer’s recommendations”. The user of this guide is expected to refer to the instrument operation manual for the specific instrument being used or consult directly with the manufacturer to obtain instructions or recommendations.  
5.5 This guide stresses the conservation of certified reference materials (CRMs). CRMs should not be used for drift checks or conditioning measurments. Other materials should be developed and used for these operations.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers information for using Combustion, Inert Gas Fusion and Hot Extraction instruments to determine the mass fraction of the non-metallic elements Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, Oxygen and Hydrogen in metals, ores and related materials.  
1.2 This guide does not specify all the operating conditions because of the differences among different manufacturer’s instruments. Laboratories should follow instructions provided by the manufacturer of the instrument.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 The information in this guide is contained in the sections indicated as follows:    
Sections  
Carbon/Sulfur by Combustion/Infrared Detection  
14 – 19  
Nitrogen/Oxygen by Inert Gas Fusion/Thermal Conductivity and Infrared Detection  
20 – 25  
Hydrogen by Inert Gas Fusion Instrumental Measurement and Hot Extraction/Various Detection Cell Technology  
26 – 31  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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