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ASTM D4114-14

(Specification)

Standard Performance Specification for Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women’s and Girls’ Apparel

Standard Performance Specification for Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women’s and Girls’ Apparel

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this performance specification.  
5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may find acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.  
5.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shall specify that: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D4114 except for the following characteristic(s).”  
5.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the supplier, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style of fabric.  
5.4 The uses and significance of particular properties and methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers woven flat fabrics comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used as linings for women's and girls' apparel.  
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to woven pile, woven fusible, fire-bonded fusible, sliver-knit pile, and sheepskin lining fabrics.  
1.3 These requirements apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.  
1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this performance specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2014
ICS
59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.61 - Apparel
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D4114-14 - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women’s and Girls’ ApparelASTM D4114-14 - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women’s and Girls’ Apparel
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4114 −14
Standard Performance Specification for
1
Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women’s and Girls’ Apparel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope Traverse Tensile Testing Machine) (Withdrawn 1995)
D2724 Test Methods for Bonded, Fused, and Laminated
1.1 Thisperformancespecificationcoverswovenflatfabrics
Apparel Fabrics
comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used as
D5034 TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
linings for women’s and girls’ apparel.
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to
D7022 Terminology Relating to Apparel
woven pile, woven fusible, fire-bonded fusible, sliver-knit pile, 4
2.2 AATCC Test Methods:
and sheepskin lining fabrics.
8 Colorfastness to Crocking: Crockmeter Method
1.3 These requirements apply to the length and width 15 Colorfastness to Perspiration
16.2 Colorfastness to Light: Carbon-Arc
directions for those properties where fabric direction is perti-
nent. 16.3 Colorfastness to Light: Xenon-Arc
23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes
1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only to
61 Colorfastness to Laundering: Accelerated
the test methods portion, Section 7, of this performance
116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter
specification.This standard does not purport to address all of
Method
the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
124 Smoothness Appearance of Fabrics After Repeated
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Home Laundering
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
132 Colorfastness to Drycleaning
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
135 Dimensional Changes of Fabrics after Home Launder-
2. Referenced Documents ing
2
172 Colorfastness to Powdered Non-Chlorine Bleach in
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Home Laundering
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
188 Colorfastness to Sodium Hypochlorite Bleach in Home
D434 Test Method for Resistance to Slippage of Yarns in
Laundering
Woven Fabrics Using a Standard Seam (Withdrawn
3 Evaluation Procedure No. 1 Gray Scale for Color Change
2003)
Evaluation Procedure No. 2 Gray Scale for Staining
D1336 Test Method for Distortion ofYarn in Woven Fabrics
Evaluation Procedure No. 8 AATCC 9-Step Chromatic
D1424 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by
Transference Scale
Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus
A Glossary of AATCC Standard Terminology
D2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the
5
2.3 Federal Standard:
Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-
16 CFR , Chapter II–Consumer Product Safety Commission
Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
Subchapter D–Flammable Fabrics Act Regulations
D2262 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabrics
6
2.4 Military Standard:
by the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of-
MIL-STD-105D Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
spection by Attributes
1
This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.61 on NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this performance specification
Apparel. give only the permanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2014. Published August 2014. Originally
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4114 – 02(2008).
4
DOI: 10.1520/D4114-14. Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http://
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM www.aatcc.org.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office,
the ASTM website. Washington, DC 20402.
3 6
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
www.astm.org. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4114−14
other test methods. The current editions of each test method cited shall
5.2 Itisrecognizedthatforpurposesoffashionoraesthetics
prevail.
the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may
find acceptable fabrics that do not conf
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4114 − 02 (Reapproved 2008) D4114 − 14
Standard Performance Specification for
1
Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women’s and Girls’ Apparel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This performance specification covers woven flat fabrics comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used as
linings for women’s and girls’ apparel.
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to woven pile, woven fusible, fire-bonded fusible, sliver-knit pile, and
sheepskin lining fabrics.
1.3 These requirements apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.
1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this performance
specification.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
3
D434 Test Method for Resistance to Slippage of Yarns in Woven Fabrics Using a Standard Seam (Withdrawn 2003)
D1336 Test Method for Distortion of Yarn in Woven Fabrics
D1424 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus
D2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile
Testing Machine)
D2262 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of-Traverse
3
Tensile Testing Machine) (Withdrawn 1995)
D2724 Test Methods for Bonded, Fused, and Laminated Apparel Fabrics
D5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
D7022 Terminology Relating to Apparel
4
2.2 AATCC Test Methods:
8 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method
15 Colorfastness to Perspiration
1616.2 Colorfastness to LightLight: Carbon-Arc
16.3 Colorfastness to Light: Xenon-Arc
23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes
61 Colorfastness to Washing, Domestic, and Laundering, Commercial: Laundering: Accelerated
116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter Method
124 Smoothness Appearance of Durable Press Fabrics After Repeated Home LaunderingsLaundering
132 Colorfastness to Drycleaning
135 Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home Laundering of Woven or Knit Fabricsof Fabrics after Home Laundering
172 Colorfastness to Powdered Non-Chlorine Bleach in Home Laundering
1
This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.61 on Apparel.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008July 1, 2014. Published October 2008August 2014. Originally approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 as
D4114 – 02.D4114 – 02(2008). DOI: 10.1520/D4114-02R08.10.1520/D4114-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http://www.aatcc.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4114 − 14
188 Colorfastness to Chlorine Sodium Hypochlorite Bleach in Home Laundering
Evaluation Procedure No. 1 Gray Scale for Color Change
Evaluation Procedure No. 2 Gray Scale for Staining
Evaluation Procedure No. 38 AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Transference Scale
A Glossary of AATCC Standard Terminology
5
2.3 Federal Standard:
16 CFR CFR,, Chapter II–Consumer Product Safety Commission Subchapter D–Flammable Fabrics Act Regulations
6
2.4 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-105D Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes
NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this performance specification g
...

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5.3 Pills vary appreciably in size and appearance and de...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the propensity of a fabric to form pills and other related surface changes on textiles using the random tumble pilling tester. The procedure is generally applicable to all types of woven and knitted apparel fabrics.  
Note 1: For other test methods for the pilling resistance of textiles, refer to Test Methods D3511/D3511M, D3514/D3514M, and D4970/D4970M.  
1.2 Some fabrics that have been treated with a silicone resin may not be satisfactorily tested by this procedure because the silicone resin may transfer onto the cork liners in the test chamber and cause erroneous results.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4970/D4970M-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Martindale Tester

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Acceptance Testing—This method of testing fabrics resistance to pilling is not recommended for acceptance testing. If it is used for acceptance testing, it should be used with caution because interlaboratory data are not available. In some cases the purchaser or supplier may have to test a commercial shipment of one or more specific materials by the best available method even though the method has not been recommended for acceptance testing. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely outside the United States.  
5.2 If there is a disagreement arising from differences in values reported by the purchaser and the supplier when using this test method, the statistical bias, if any, between the laboratory of the purchaser and the laboratory of the supplier should be determined with comparison being based on testing specimens randomly drawn from one sample of material of the type being evaluated. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. A minimum of two parties should take a group of test specimens, which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens then should be assigned randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average test results from the two laboratories should be compared using an acceptable statistical protocol and probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is started. Appropriate statistical disciplines for comparing data must be used when the purchaser and supplier cannot agree. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future results with consideration for the known bias.  
5.3 The pilling of textile fabrics is a very complex property because it is affected by many factors that include type of fiber or blends, fiber dimensions, yarn and fabric construction, and fabric f...
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance to the formation of pills and other related surface changes on textile fabrics using the Martindale tester.
Note 1: For other methods, if testing the pilling resistance of textiles, refer to Test Methods D3511/D3511M, D3512/D3512M, and D3514.  
1.2 This test method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
1.3 The fabric may be laundered or dry cleaned before testing as agreed upon among interested parties.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4966-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Acceptance Testing—this test method is not considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabric. The between-laboratory precision of this test method is poor and, because of the nature of abrasion testing itself, technicians frequently fail to obtain results in agreement on the same type of testing instrument, both within and between laboratories. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely, especially outside the United States.  
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens then should be assigned randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Students t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.  
5.2 The resistance to abrasion also is affected greatly by the conditions of the tests, such as the nature of abradant; variable action of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded, the tension on the specimen, the pressure between the specimen and abradant, and the dimensional changes in the specimen.  
5.3 Abrasion tests are all subject to variation due to changes in the abradant during specific tests. The abradant must be changed accordingly at freque...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics using the Martindale abrasion tester. The method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: For other current test methods of testing the abrasion resistance of textiles refer to Test Methods D3884, D3885, D3886, D4157, D4158, and AATCC TM93.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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