ASTM D2791-19

Standard Test Method for On-Line Determination of Sodium in Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Sodium is a pervasive contaminant and it is the first cation to break through deionization equipment. This test method allows measuring sodium in low-sodium waters at micrograms per litre (parts per billion) concentrations to identify contamination or to monitor equipment performance. Applications include monitoring makeup systems, condensers, condensate polishers, feedwater, boilerwater, and steam.  
4.2 This test method is more sensitive and selective than conductivity measurements on high purity samples.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the on-line determination of trace amounts of sodium in water using an ion-selective electrode.  
1.2 This test method is based on on-line application of the sodium ion electrode as reported in the technical literature (1-3).2 It is generally applicable over the range of 0.01 to 10 000 μg/L.  
1.3 The analyst should be aware that adequate collaborative data for precision and bias statements as required by Practice D2777 are not provided. See Section 16 for details.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 6.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2019
• ICS: 13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.03 - Sampling Water and Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D1066-18 - Standard Practice for Sampling Steam
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2018
• Refers: ASTM D1066-18e1 - Standard Practice for Sampling Steam
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2018
• Referred By: ASTM D5127-13(2018) - Standard Guide for Ultra-Pure Water Used in the Electronics and Semiconductor Industries
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2791 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
On-Line Determination of Sodium in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2791; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
1.1 This test method covers the on-line determination of
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
trace amounts of sodium in water using an ion-selective
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
electrode.
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
1.2 This test method is based on on-line application of the
D3864 Guide for On-Line Monitoring Systems for Water
sodium ion electrode as reported in the technical literature
Analysis
2
(1-3). It is generally applicable over the range of 0.01 to
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Flowing Process
10 000 µg/L.
Streams
D5540 Practice for Flow Control and Temperature Control
1.3 The analyst should be aware that adequate collaborative
data for precision and bias statements as required by Practice for On-Line Water Sampling and Analysis
D2777 are not provided. See Section 16 for details.
3. Terminology
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1 Definitions:
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Terminology D1129.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- 4.1 Sodium is a pervasive contaminant and it is the first
cation to break through deionization equipment. This test
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
method allows measuring sodium in low-sodium waters at
For specific hazard statements see Section 6.
micrograms per litre (parts per billion) concentrations to
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
identify contamination or to monitor equipment performance.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Applications include monitoring makeup systems, condensers,
condensate polishers, feedwater, boilerwater, and steam.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.2 This test method is more sensitive and selective than
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
conductivity measurements on high purity samples.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Reagents and Materials
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
4
teeonAnalyticalReagentsoftheAmericanChemicalSociety.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
In many instances, reagent grade chemicals contain higher
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and
levels of sodium contamination than are compatible with this
Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use,
On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water. test method. It must be ascertained that the reagent is of
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2019. Published January 2020. Originally
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D2791 – 13. DOI:
10.1520/D2791-19.
2 4
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of ACS Reagent Chemicals, Specifications and Procedures for Reagents and
this test method. Standard-Grade Reference Materials, American Chemical Society, Washington,
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by theAmerican Chemical
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, U.S. Pharma-
the ASTM website. copeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.
*A Summary of
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2791 − 13 D2791 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
On-lineOn-Line Determination of Sodium in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2791; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the on-line determination of trace amounts of sodium in water using an ion-selective electrode.
2
1.2 This test method is based on on-line application of the sodium ion electrode as reported in the technical literature (1-3).
It is generally applicable over the range of 0.01 to 10 000 μg/L.
1.3 The analyst should be aware that adequate collaborative data for precision and bias statements as required by Practice D2777
are not provided. See Section 16 for details.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units values given in parentheses are for
information only.after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 6.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3864 Guide for On-Line Monitoring Systems for Water Analysis
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Flowing Process Streams
D5540 Practice for Flow Control and Temperature Control for On-Line Water Sampling and Analysis
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions: For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D1129.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D1129.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Sodium is a pervasive contaminant and it is the first cation to break through deionization equipment. This test method allows
measurement of measuring sodium in low-sodium waters at micrograms per litre (parts per billion) concentrations of sodium in
water to monitor low-sodium water sources for indications of contamination or proper operation. to identify contamination or to
monitor equipment performance. Applications include monitoring makeup systems, condensers, condensate polishers, feedwater,
boilerwater, and steam.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and
Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013Dec. 15, 2019. Published February 2013January 2020. Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 20072013
as D2791 – 07.D2791 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D2791-13.10.1520/D2791-19.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this test method.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D2791 − 19
4.2 This test method is more sensitive and selective than conductivity measurements on high purity samples.
5. Reagents and Materials
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
4
reagents shall conform to the spe
...