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ASTM D6905-03

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Impact Flexibility of Organic Coatings

Standard Test Method for Impact Flexibility of Organic Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Coatings attached to substrates are subjected to damaging impacts during the manufacture of articles and their use in service. This impact resistance test method has been found to be useful in predicting the performance of organic coatings for their ability to resist cracking caused by impacts.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the ability of a coating film and its substrate to resist shattering, cracking, or chipping when the film and substrate are distended beyond their original form by impact.
1.2 This test method does not measure impact resistance but uses rapid impact to improve Test Methods D 522, another test method for flexibility. Since the impact of the coating is almost instantaneous, all of the problems associated with time variables in the mandrel tests are eliminated.
1.3 This test method is similar in content but not technically equivalent to Test Method D 2794.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-May-2003
ICS
25.220.60 - Organic coatings
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.23 - Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D6905-03(2008) - Standard Test Method for Impact Flexibility of Organic Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jul-2008
Referred By
ASTM D6577-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
Effective Date
10-May-2003

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ASTM D6905-03 - Standard Test Method for Impact Flexibility of Organic Coatings
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6905–03
Standard Test Method for
Impact Flexibility of Organic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6905; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer
Hardness
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the
D 2794 Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to
ability of a coating film and its substrate to resist shattering,
the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)
cracking, or chipping when the film and substrate are distended
beyond their original form by impact.
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method does not measure impact resistance but
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
uses rapid impact to improve Test Methods D 522, another test
3.1.1 impact flexibility—of a coating, the percent area
method for flexibility. Since the impact of the coating is almost
increase required to produce cracking in the deformed coating.
instantaneous, all of the problems associated with time vari-
ables in the mandrel tests are eliminated.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 This test method is similar in content but not technically
4.1 The organic coating under test is applied to suitable thin
equivalent to Test Method D 2794.
metal panels. After the coating has cured, a standard weight/
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
indenterisdroppedfromameasureddistancesoastostrikethe
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
substrate which deforms the coating and the substrate. The
only.
percent elongation is the highest area of distensibility in which
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
there is no film breaks that the film can stand.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Coatings attached to substrates are subjected to damag-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ing impacts during the manufacture of articles and their use in
service. This impact resistance test method has been found to
2. Referenced Documents
be useful in predicting the performance of organic coatings for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
their ability to resist cracking caused by impacts.
D 522 Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached
Organic Coatings
6. Apparatus
D 609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
6.1 Impact Flexibility Tester , assembly illustrated in Figs.
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, Lacquer,
1 and 2. The instrument contains a 1.63 kg (3.6 lb) weight/
and Related Coating Products
indenter, a rubber pad and an aluminum pad, Fig. 3. The round
D 823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
rod weight/indenter’s two spherical ends (Marked “A” and
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
“B”) are shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The dimensions for the
D 1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
Spherical weight/indenter are shown in Table 1. The rod slides
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
in a vertical, slotted guide and serves as a falling weight to
a Ferrous Base
impact a test panel with the “embossed” end. When positioned
D 1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of
DryFilmThicknessofNonconductiveCoatingsAppliedto
a Nonferrous Metal Base
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint is the IM-172-GE ImpactTester, available from the Paul N. Gardner Company, Inc.,
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of 316 N.E. First Street, Pompano Beach, FL 33060. If you are aware of alternative
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films. suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters.
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01. technical committee , which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6905–03
NOTE 1—The coatings should be applied in accordance with Practices
D 823, or as agreed upon between the producer and the user.
7.2 Curethecoatedpanelsunderconditionsofhumidityand
temperature agreed upon between the producer and the user.
NOTE 2—The thickness of the
...

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5.1 Many coatings used in the coil coating and other industries achieve a degree of solvent resistance after they have experienced a bake condition characterized by exposure to elevated temperatures in an oven over time. Insufficient bake, or occasionally over bake, may affect the intended chemical bonds or physical curing of the film and result in reduced solvent resistance.  
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5.1 Pencil hardness measurements have been used by the coatings industry for many years to determine the hardness of clear and pigmented organic coating films. This test method has also been used to determine the cure of these coatings, especially when using forced dried heat.  
5.2 This test method is convenient in developmental work and in production control testing in a single laboratory. It should be recognized that the results obtained may vary between different laboratories when different manufacturer’s pencils as well as when different substrates are used. To improve test result reproducibility for a specific group of tests, it is recommended to utilize drawing leads or pencils made by the same manufacturer and from the same batch. If drawing leads or pencils from the same manufacturer and from the same batch are not available at the time of subsequent evaluations, it shall be noted on the test report.
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Note 1: Other procedures are available to measure permanent deformation of organic coatings under the action of a single point (stylus tip) including but not limited to Test Methods D2197, D5178, and G171.  
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Standard Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Applied Organic Coatings Using an Ultrasonic Coating Thickness Gage

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Many coating properties are markedly affected by the film thickness of the dry film such as adhesion, flexibility, wear, durability, chemical resistance, and hardness. To be able to compare results obtained by different operators, it is essential to measure film thickness carefully.  
5.2 Most protective and high performance coatings are applied to meet a requirement or a specification for the dry-film thickness of each coat, or for the complete system, or both. Coatings must be applied within certain minimum and maximum thickness tolerances in order that they can fulfill their intended function. In addition to potential performance deficiencies, it is uneconomical to apply more material than necessary when coating large areas such as floors and walls.  
5.3 Low readings may occur occasionally on coatings with rough surfaces. The instrument may allow a user adjustment to prevent this.  
5.4 This test method may not be applicable to measure organic coating thickness on all substrates. The instrument's ability to detect a distinct interface between the coating and the substrate may be impeded if the coating and the substrate are of similar composition, density or attenuation or if the coating is non-homogeneous. Verify operation on a known thickness of the coating/substrate combination if these circumstances are thought to exist.  
5.5 Multilayered coatings have many interfaces and the instrument will measure to the interface separating the two most acoustically different materials. Some instruments have the ability to detect and measure the individual layer thicknesses in a multi-layer system.  
5.6 The use of this test method is not necessarily limited by the type of substrate material.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the use of ultrasonic film thickness gages to measure accurately and nondestructively the dry film thickness of organic coatings applied over a substrate of dissimilar material. Measurements may be made on field structures, on commercially manufactured products, or on laboratory test specimens. These types of gages can accurately measure the dry film thickness of organic coatings on a variety of substrates such as concrete, wood, wallboard, plastic, fiber composites and metal.  
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