ASTM E2089-15
(Practice)Standard Practices for Ground Laboratory Atomic Oxygen Interaction Evaluation of Materials for Space Applications
Standard Practices for Ground Laboratory Atomic Oxygen Interaction Evaluation of Materials for Space Applications
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These practices enable the following information to be available:
3.1.1 Material atomic oxygen erosion characteristics.
3.1.2 An atomic oxygen erosion comparison of four well-characterized polymers.
3.2 The resulting data are useful to:
3.2.1 Compare the atomic oxygen durability of spacecraft materials exposed to the low Earth orbital environment.
3.2.2 Compare the atomic oxygen erosion behavior between various ground laboratory facilities.
3.2.3 Compare the atomic oxygen erosion behavior between ground laboratory facilities and in-space exposure.
3.2.4 Screen materials being considered for low Earth orbital spacecraft application. However, caution should be exercised in attempting to predict in-space behavior based on ground laboratory testing because of differences in exposure environment and synergistic effects.
SCOPE
1.1 The intent of these practices is to define atomic oxygen exposure procedures that are intended to minimize variability in results within any specific atomic oxygen exposure facility as well as contribute to the understanding of the differences in the response of materials when tested in different facilities.
1.2 These practices are not intended to specify any particular type of atomic oxygen exposure facility but simply specify procedures that can be applied to a wide variety of facilities.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E2089 − 15
Standard Practices for
Ground Laboratory Atomic Oxygen Interaction Evaluation of
1
Materials for Space Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2089; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.1.6 witness materials or samples—materials or samples
used to measure the effective atomic oxygen flux or fluence.
1.1 The intent of these practices is to define atomic oxygen
exposure procedures that are intended to minimize variability 2.2 Symbols:
in results within any specific atomic oxygen exposure facility
2
A = exposed area of the witness sample, cm
k
as well as contribute to the understanding of the differences in
2
A = exposed area of the test sample, cm
s
the response of materials when tested in different facilities.
3
E = in-space erosion yield of the witness material, cm /
k
1.2 These practices are not intended to specify any particu-
atom
3
lar type of atomic oxygen exposure facility but simply specify
E = erosion yield of the test material, cm /atom
s
2
procedures that can be applied to a wide variety of facilities.
f = effective flux, atoms/cm /s
k
2
F = effective fluence, total atoms/cm
k
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
∆M = mass loss of the witness coupon, g
k
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 These practices enable the following information to be
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
available:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.1 Material atomic oxygen erosion characteristics.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.2 An atomic oxygen erosion comparison of four well-
characterized polymers.
2. Terminology
3.2 The resulting data are useful to:
2.1 Definitions:
3.2.1 Compare the atomic oxygen durability of spacecraft
2.1.1 atomic oxygen erosion yield—thevolumeofamaterial
materials exposed to the low Earth orbital environment.
that is eroded by atomic oxygen per incident oxygen atom
3
3.2.2 Comparetheatomicoxygenerosionbehaviorbetween
reported in cm /atom.
various ground laboratory facilities.
2.1.2 atomic oxygen fluence—the arrival of atomic oxygen
3.2.3 Comparetheatomicoxygenerosionbehaviorbetween
2
to a surface reported in atoms/cm
ground laboratory facilities and in-space exposure.
2.1.3 atomic oxygen flux—the arrival rate of atomic oxygen
3.2.4 Screen materials being considered for low Earth
−2 −1
to a surface reported in atoms·cm ·s .
orbital spacecraft application. However, caution should be
2.1.4 effective atomic oxygen fluence—the total arrival of exercised in attempting to predict in-space behavior based on
2
atomic oxygen to a surface reported in atoms/cm , which ground laboratory testing because of differences in exposure
would cause the observed amount of erosion if the sample was environment and synergistic effects.
exposed in low Earth orbit.
4. Test Specimen
2.1.5 effective atomic oxygen flux—thearrivalrateofatomic
−2 −1
4.1 In addition to the material to be evaluated for atomic
oxygen to a surface reported in atoms·cm ·s , which would
cause the observed amount of erosion if the sample was oxygen interaction, the following four standard witness mate-
rials should be exposed in the same facility using the same
exposed in low Earth orbit.
operating conditions and duration exposure within a factor of
2
3, as the test material: Kapton(R) H or HN polyimide,
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on Space
tetrafluoroethylene (TFE)-fluorocarbon fluorinated ethylene
Simulation and Applications of Space Technology and are the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee E21.04 on Space Simulation Test Methods.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originally
2
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E2089–00(2014). Kapton(R) and DuPont (TM) are trademarks or registered trademarks of E. I.
DOI: 10.1520/E2089-15. DuPont de Nemours and Company.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2089 − 15
propylene (FEP), low-density polyethylene (PE), and pyrolytic gloves which will not allow finger oils to soak through and
graphite (PG). The atomic oxygen effective flux (in which are lint-free to carefully handle the samples.
−2 −1 2
atoms·cm ·s ) and effective fluence (in atoms/cm ) for Kap-
5.3 Exposure Area Control:
tonHorHNpolyimideshouldbe
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2089 − 00 (Reapproved 2014) E2089 − 15
Standard Practices for
Ground Laboratory Atomic Oxygen Interaction Evaluation of
1
Materials for Space Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2089; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 The intent of these practices is to define atomic oxygen exposure procedures that are intended to minimize variability in
results within any specific atomic oxygen exposure facility as well as contribute to the understanding of the differences in the
response of materials when tested in different facilities.
1.2 These practices are not intended to specify any particular type of atomic oxygen exposure facility but simply specify
procedures that can be applied to a wide variety of facilities.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions:
2.1.1 atomic oxygen erosion yield—the volume of a material that is eroded by atomic oxygen per incident oxygen atom reported
3
in cm /atom.
2
2.1.2 atomic oxygen fluence—the arrival of atomic oxygen to a surface reported in atoms/cm
−2 −1
2.1.3 atomic oxygen flux—the arrival rate of atomic oxygen to a surface reported in atoms·cm ·s .
2
2.1.4 effective atomic oxygen fluence—the total arrival of atomic oxygen to a surface reported in atoms/cm , which would cause
the observed amount of erosion if the sample was exposed in low Earth orbit.
−2 −1
2.1.5 effective atomic oxygen flux—the arrival rate of atomic oxygen to a surface reported in atoms·cm ·s , which would cause
the observed amount of erosion if the sample was exposed in low Earth orbit.
2.1.6 witness materials or samples—materials or samples used to measure the effective atomic oxygen flux or fluence.
2.2 Symbols:
2
A = exposed area of the witness sample, cm
k
2
A = exposed area of the test sample, cm
s
3
E = in-space erosion yield of the witness material, cm /atom
k
3
E = erosion yield of the test material, cm /atom
s
2
f = effective flux, atoms/cm /s
k
2
F = effective fluence, total atoms/cm
k
ΔM = mass loss of the witness coupon, g
k
3. Significance and Use
3.1 These practices enable the following information to be available:
3.1.1 Material atomic oxygen erosion characteristics.
3.1.2 An atomic oxygen erosion comparison of four well-characterized polymers.
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on Space Simulation and Applications of Space Technology and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E21.04 on Space Simulation Test Methods.
Current edition approved April 1, 2014Oct. 1, 2015. Published April 2014October 2015. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20002014 as
E2089 – 00(2006).(2014). DOI: 10.1520/E2089-00R14.10.1520/E2089-15.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2089 − 15
3.2 The resulting data are useful to:
3.2.1 Compare the atomic oxygen durability of spacecraft materials exposed to the low Earth orbital environment.
3.2.2 Compare the atomic oxygen erosion behavior between various ground laboratory facilities.
3.2.3 Compare the atomic oxygen erosion behavior between ground laboratory facilities and in-space exposure.
3.2.4 Screen materials being considered for low Earth orbital spacecraft application. However, caution should be exercised in
attempting to predict in-space behavior based on ground laboratory testing because of differences in exposure environment and
synergistic effects.
4. Test Specimen
4.1 In addition to the material to be evaluated for atomic oxygen interaction, the following four standard witness materials
should be exposed in the same facility using the same operating conditions and duration exposure within a factor of 3, as the test
2
material: KaptonKapton(R) polyimide H or HN, TFE-fluorocarbon HN polyimide, tetrafluoroethylene (TFE)-fluorocarbon
fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), low-density polyethyle
...
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