ASTM D1598-02
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure
Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The data obtained by this test method are useful for establishing stress versus failure time relationships in a controlled environment from which the hydrostatic design basis for plastic pipe materials can be computed. (Refer to Test Method D 2837 and Practice D 2992.)
In order to determine how plastics will perform as pipe, it is necessary to establish the stress-failure time relationships for pipe over 2 or more logarithmic decades of time (hours) in a controlled environment. Because of the nature of the test and specimens employed, no single line can adequately represent the data, and therefore the confidence limits should be established.
Note 3—Some materials may exhibit a nonlinear relationship between log-stress and log-failure time, usually at short failure times. In such cases, the 105-hour stress value computed on the basis of short-term test data may be significantly different than the value obtained when a distribution of data points in accordance with Test Method D 2837 is evaluated. However, these data may still be useful for quality control or other applications, provided correlation with long-term data has been established.
The factors that affect creep and long-term strength behavior of plastic pipe are not completely known at this time. This procedure takes into account those factors that are known to have important influences and provides a tool for investigating others.
Creep, or nonrecoverable deformation for pipe made of some plastics, is as important as actual leakage in deciding whether or not a pipe has failed. Specimens that exhibit localized ballooning, however, may lead to erroneous interpretation of the creep results unless a method of determining creep is established that precludes such a possibility. Circumferential measurements at two or three selected positions on a specimen may not be adequate.
Great care must be used to ensure that specimens are representative of the pipe under evaluation. Departure from this assumpt...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time-to-failure of both thermoplastic and reinforced thermosetting/resin pipe under constant internal pressure.
1.2 This test method provides a method of characterizing plastics in the form of pipe under the conditions prescribed.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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An American National Standard
Designation:D 1598–02
Standard Test Method for
Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal
1
Pressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1598; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.1.2 ballooning—any localized expansion of a pipe speci-
men while under internal pressure. This is sometimes referred
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time-
to as ductile failure.
to-failure of both thermoplastic and reinforced thermosetting/
resin pipe under constant internal pressure.
NOTE 1—Overall distention which results from creep caused by long-
1.2 This test method provides a method of characterizing term stress is not considered to be a ballooning failure.
plastics in the form of pipe under the conditions prescribed.
3.1.3 free (unrestrained) end closure—a pipe specimen end
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
closure (cap) that seals the end of the pipe against loss of
as the standard.
internal fluid and pressure, and is fastened to the pipe speci-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
men.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4 restrained end closure—a pipe specimen end closure
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(cap) that seals the end of the specimen against loss of internal
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
fluid and pressure, but is not fastened to the pipe specimen.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Restrained end closures rely on tie-rod(s) through the pipe
specimenoronexternalstructuretoresistinternalpressureend
2. Referenced Documents
thrust.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.5 rupture—a break in the pipe wall with immediate loss
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
of test fluid and continued loss at essentially no pressure. If
2
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
rupture is not preceded by some yielding, this may be termed
D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design
a non-ductile failure.
2
Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials
3.1.6 seepage or weeping—water or fluid passing through
D2992 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure De-
microscopic breaks in the pipe wall. A reduction in pressure
sign Basis for “Fiberglass’’ (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced
will frequently enable the pipe to carry fluid without evidence
2
Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Fittings
of loss of the liquid.
D 3517 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-
2
Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pressure Pipe
4. Summary of Test Method
D3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiber-
4.1 Thistestmethodconsistsofexposingspecimensofpipe
glass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin)
to a constant internal pressure while in a controlled environ-
2
Pipe and Fittings
ment.Suchacontrolledenvironmentmaybeaccomplishedby,
but is not limited to, immersing the specimens in a controlled
3. Terminology
temperature water or air bath. The time-to-failure is measured.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
NOTE 2—Dimensional changes should be measured on specimens
3.1.1 failure—any continuous loss of pressure with or
undergoing long-term strength tests. Measurements using circumferential
without the transmission of the test fluid through the body of
tapes, strain gages, or mechanical extensometers provide useful informa-
the specimen under test shall constitute failure. Failure may be
tion.
by one or a combination of the following modes:
5. Significance and Use
1 5.1 The data obtained by this test method are useful for
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test establishing stress versus failure time relationships in a con-
Methods.
trolled environment from which the hydrostatic design basis
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2002. Published October 2002. Originally
for plastic pipe materials can be computed. (Refer to Test
published as D1598–58 T. Last previous edition D1598–97.
2
Method D2837 and Practice D2992.)
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 1598–02
5.2 In order to determine how plastics will perform as pipe, cause failure of the specimen. Free-end closures shall be used
it is necessary to establish the stress-failure
...
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