ASTM D2746-97(2002)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Staining Tendency of Asphalt (Stain Index)
Standard Test Method for Staining Tendency of Asphalt (Stain Index)
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the staining tendency of asphalt and the assignment of a stain index proportional to the extent of staining observed.
1.2 This test method is applicable to asphalts having ring-and-ball softening points of 185°F (85°C) or greater.
Note 1—This test method may be modified for use with other bituminous materials with softening points less than 185°F (85°C) by using a different temperature than specified in Section 7 by agreement of the interested parties. The report of results from such a test may cite this method but must clearly state the temperature employed in the exception and acknowledge that the interpretation of results in Section and the precision and bias stated in Section 10 may not apply.
1.3 The values stated in U.S. customary units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 2746 – 97 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Staining Tendency of Asphalt (Stain Index)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2746; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the stain- 4.1 This test method measures the tendency for oil compo-
ing tendency of asphalt and the assignment of a stain index nents to separate spontaneously from asphalt. The separation of
proportional to the extent of staining observed. oil components can cause staining in asphalt roofing products
1.2 This test method is applicable to asphalts having ring- and adjacent materials in storage and use.
and-ball softening points of 185°F (85°C) or greater. 4.2 The stain index is related to the thermal stability of the
asphalt. Higher stain index values indicate lower stability and
NOTE 1—This test method may be modified for use with other
greater tendency for staining.
bituminous materials with softening points less than 185°F (85°C) by
4.3 Use this procedure to determine the staining tendency of
using a different temperature than specified in Section 7 by agreement of
the interested parties. The report of results from such a test may cite this asphalt and to compare the results against a material for which
method but must clearly state the temperature employed in the exception
the staining tendency is known.
and acknowledge that the interpretation of results in Section 9 and the
precision and bias stated in Section 10 may not apply.
5. Apparatus
1.3 The values stated in U.S. customary units are to be 5.1 Rings—Square shouldered brass retaining rings con-
regarded as the standard. forming to the dimensions required for use in the ring-and-ball
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety softening point apparatus (see Fig. 1 (a) of Test Method D 36).
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility 5.1.1 The inside diameter of the ring to be placed in contact
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and with the filter paper during the test is ⁄64ths of an inch (15.9
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory mm).
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 2—This test method depends on accurate measurement of diam-
eter and precise alignment of the face and rim of the ring on a flat surface.
2. Referenced Documents
Therefore, deformed rings must not be used.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 Pouring Plate—A flat, smooth, brass plate approxi-
D 36 Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-
mately 2 by 3 in. (50 by 75 mm).
and-Ball Apparatus)
5.3 Paper—Filter paper of the standard double acid-washed
D 140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
analytical grade.
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
5.3.1 The filter paper must be of sufficient area to accom-
modate the number of samples and the known material
3. Summary of Test Method
arranged as described in 7.3.
3.1 A horizontal disc of asphalt, cast in a brass retaining
5.4 Support Plate—A flat, clean, smooth metal plate ap-
ring, is placed on a sheet of filter paper supported on a flat plate
proximately ⁄16 in. (1.5 mm) thick and area at least sufficient to
and heated at 175°F (79.4°C) for 120 h. The diameter of the
support the size of filter paper being used.
resulting stained circle on the paper is compared to the inside
5.5 Oven—A constant temperature oven capable of main-
diameter of the brass ring to determine the staining character-
taining the test temperature of 175°F (79.4°C) within 62°F
istic of the asphalt. The stain index is the difference between
(61.1°C).
the diameter of the stained circle and the initial disc diameter
5.6 Thermometer—An ASTM high softening point ther-
measured in ⁄64ths of an inch.
mometer having a range from 85 to 392°F (30 to 200°C), and
conforming to the requirements for Thermometer 16F (or 16C)
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on
as prescribed in Specification E 1.
Roofing, Waterproofing, and Bituminous Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D08.02 on Prepared Roofings, Shingles and Siding Materials.
Current edition approved June 10, 1997. Published January 1998. Originally The sole source of supply of the paper known to the committee at this time is
published as D 2746 – 91. Last previous edition D 2746 – 91. Whatman No. 40 filter paper, available from laboratory supply and service
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.04. companies. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03. to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consid-
4 1
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03. eration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
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D 2746
5.7 Measuring Rule—A steel rule graduated in 64ths of an pressed numerically in 64ths of an inch, that is, 40 from the
inch (0.4 mm).
average, or best fit, diameter of the stained circle on the filter
5.7.1 Hole Template—A metal or plastic template provided paper expressed numerically in 64ths of an inch to obtain the
40 60
with holes of diameter from ⁄64 to ⁄64 in. (15.9 to 23.8 mm)
stain index.
in ⁄64-in. (0.4-mm) increments may be used as an alternative to
NOTE 4—If the dimensional measurements have been made in metric
the steel rule to mea
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