ASTM D4382-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Barium in Water, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Graphite Furnace
Standard Test Method for Barium in Water, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Graphite Furnace
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Barium ranks about sixth in order of abundance in nature; however, it is normally found in only trace quantities in drinking water. Consumption, inhalation, or absorption of 500 to 600 mg is considered fatal to human beings. Lower levels may result in disorders of the heart, blood vessels, and nerves. The drinking water standards set the maximum contaminant level for barium as 2 mg/L3 Lower levels may result in disorders of the heart, blood vessels, and nerves. The drinking water standards set the maximum contaminant level for barium as 2 mg/L.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of dissolved and total recoverable barium in most waters and wastewaters.
1.2 This test method was evaluated in the range from 33.5 to 132 μg/L of barium. The range can be increased or decreased by varying the volume of sample injected or the instrumental settings. High concentrations may be diluted but preferably should be analyzed by direct aspiration atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
1.3 This test method has been used successfully with waste treatment plant effluent water, lake water, filtered tap water, and well water. It is the responsibility of the analyst to determine the suitability of the test method for other matrices.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D4382 − 12
Standard Test Method for
Barium in Water, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry,
1
Graphite Furnace
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4382; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
1.1 This test method covers the determination of dissolved
D2972 Test Methods for Arsenic in Water
and total recoverable barium in most waters and wastewaters.
D3373 Test Method for Vanadium in Water
1.2 Thistestmethodwasevaluatedintherangefrom33.5to
D3557 Test Methods for Cadmium in Water
132 µg/L of barium. The range can be increased or decreased
D3558 Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
by varying the volume of sample injected or the instrumental
D3559 Test Methods for Lead in Water
settings. High concentrations may be diluted but preferably
D3859 Test Methods for Selenium in Water
should be analyzed by direct aspiration atomic absorption
D3866 Test Methods for Silver in Water
spectrophotometry.
D3919 Practice for Measuring Trace Elements in Water by
1.3 This test method has been used successfully with waste Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
D4691 Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by Flame
treatment plant effluent water, lake water, filtered tap water,
and well water. It is the responsibility of the analyst to Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
D4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water
determine the suitability of the test method for other matrices.
Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
standard.
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Definitions:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
to Terminology D1129.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.1 total recoverable barium, n—an arbitrary analytical
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
term relating to the recoverable forms of barium that are
D858 Test Methods for Manganese in Water
determinable by the digestion method which is included in this
D1068 Test Methods for Iron in Water
test method.
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
4. Summary of Test Method
D1687 Test Methods for Chromium in Water
4.1 Barium is determined by an atomic absorption spectro-
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
photometer used in conjunction with a graphite furnace. A
D1886 Test Methods for Nickel in Water
sample is placed in a graphite tube, evaporated to dryness,
charred (pyrolyzed or ashed), and atomized. The absorption
signal produced during atomization may be recorded and
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
compared with values obtained from standards that have been
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents
in Water.
carried through the same process. This facilitates interpolation
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012. Published September 2012. Originally
of the level of barium in the solution being analyzed. Since the
ɛ1
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D4382 – 95 (2007) .
graphite furnace uses the sample much more efficiently than
DOI: 10.1520/D4382-12.
2
flame atomization, the detection of low concentrations in small
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
sample volumes is possible.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. NOTE 1—The same graphite furnace procedure may be applicable to
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4382 − 12
determination of arsenic (see Test Methods D2972), cadmium (see Test
shall be utilized for data collection, storage, reduction, and
Methods D3557), chromium (see Test
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D4382 − 02 (Reapproved 2007) D4382 − 12
Standard Test Method for
Barium in Water, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry,
1
Graphite Furnace
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4382; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Section 12.5 was updated editorially in September 2007.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of dissolved and total recoverable barium in most waters and wastewaters.
1.2 This test method was evaluated in the range from 33.5 to 132 μg/L of barium. The range can be increased or decreased by
varying the volume of sample injected or the instrumental settings. High concentrations may be diluted but preferably should be
analyzed by direct aspiration atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
1.3 This test method has been used successfully with waste treatment plant effluent water, lake water, filtered tap water, and well
water. It is the responsibility of the analyst to determine the suitability of the test method for other matrices.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D858 Test Methods for Manganese in Water
D1068 Test Methods for Iron in Water
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1687 Test Methods for Chromium in Water
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
D1886 Test Methods for Nickel in Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D2972 Test Methods for Arsenic in Water
D3373 Test Method for Vanadium in Water
D3557 Test Methods for Cadmium in Water
D3558 Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
D3559 Test Methods for Lead in Water
D3859 Test Methods for Selenium in Water
D3866 Test Methods for Silver in Water
D3919 Practice for Measuring Trace Elements in Water by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
D4691 Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
D4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents in Water.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2007Sept. 1, 2012. Published September 2007 September 2012. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2002
as D4382 – 95.D4382 – 95(2007)E01. DOI: 10.1520/D4382-02R07E01.10.1520/D4382-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4382 − 12
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D1129.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 total recoverable barium—barium, n—an arbitrary analytical term relating to the recoverable forms of barium that are
determinable by the digestion method which is included in this test method.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Barium is determined by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer used in conjunction with a graphite furnace. A sample is
placed in a graphite tube, evaporated to dryness, charred (pyrolyzed or ashed), and atomized. The absorption signal produced
during atomization may be recorded and compared with values obtained from standards that have been carried through the same
process. This facilitates interpol
...
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