ASTM D7332/D7332M-16

Standard Test Method for Measuring the Fastener Pull-Through Resistance of a <brk/>Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to produce fastener pull-through resistance data for structural design allowables, research and development. The procedures may be used to assess pull-through resistance for a variety of composite laminate thicknesses, fastener diameters, and fastener head styles. However, the flexibility of test parameters allowed by the variants makes meaningful comparison between datasets difficult if the datasets were not generated using identical test parameters.  
5.2 Early composite pull-through tests using fasteners common to metal structures led to premature joint failures, and resulted in the development of fasteners specific for composite applications. These fasteners have larger heads and tails to reduce through-thickness compression stresses on the composite laminate.  
5.3 General factors that influence the mechanical response of composite laminates and should therefore be reported include the following: material, methods of material preparation and lay-up, specimen stacking sequence, specimen preparation, specimen conditioning, environment of testing, specimen alignment, speed of testing, time at temperature, void content, and volume percent reinforcement.  
5.4 Specific factors that influence the pull-through resistance of composite laminates and should therefore be reported include the following: hole diameter, fastener diameter, fastener head diameter, loading bar spacing to fastener hole diameter ratio (Procedure A), clearance hole diameter to fastener hole diameter ratio (Procedure B), diameter to thickness ratio, fastener torque, fastener or pin material, fastener or pin clearance, countersink angle and depth of countersink, type of grommet (if used), and type of support fixture. Fastener pull-through resistance properties which may be determined from this test method include initial sub-critical failure force/displacement, failure force, maximum force, and rupture displacement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the fastener pull-through resistance of multidirectional polymer matrix composites reinforced by high-modulus fibers. Fastener pull-through resistance is characterized by the force-versus-displacement response exhibited when a mechanical fastener is pulled through a composite plate, with the force applied perpendicular to the plane of the plate. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses is defined in 8.2.  
1.2 Two test procedures and configurations are provided. The first, Procedure A, is suitable for screening and fastener development purposes. The second, Procedure B, is configuration-dependent and is suitable for establishing design values. Both procedures can be used to perform comparative evaluations of candidate fasteners/fastener system designs.  
1.3 The specimens described herein may not be representative of actual joints which may contain one or more free edges adjacent to the fastener, or may contain multiple fasteners that can change the actual boundary conditions.  
1.4 This test method is consistent with the recommendations of CMH-17, which describes the desirable attributes of a fastener pull-through test method.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health p...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2016
• ICS: 83.120 - Reinforced plastics
• Technical Committee: D30 - Composite Materials
• Drafting Committee: D30.05 - Structural Test Methods

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7332/D7332M − 16
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Fastener Pull-Through Resistance of a
1
Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7332/D7332M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 This test method determines the fastener pull-through
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
resistance of multidirectional polymer matrix composites rein-
forced by high-modulus fibers. Fastener pull-through resis-
2. Referenced Documents
tance is characterized by the force-versus-displacement re-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
sponse exhibited when a mechanical fastener is pulled through
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
a composite plate, with the force applied perpendicular to the
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
plane of the plate. The composite material forms are limited to
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both)
D3171 Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite
reinforced composites for which the laminate is symmetric and
Materials
balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of
D3410/D3410M Test Method for Compressive Properties of
acceptable test laminates and thicknesses is defined in 8.2.
Polymer Matrix Composite Materials with Unsupported
1.2 Two test procedures and configurations are provided.
Gage Section by Shear Loading
The first, Procedure A, is suitable for screening and fastener
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
development purposes. The second, Procedure B, is
D5229/D5229M Test Method for MoistureAbsorption Prop-
configuration-dependent and is suitable for establishing design
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
values. Both procedures can be used to perform comparative
Composite Materials
evaluations of candidate fasteners/fastener system designs.
D5687/D5687M Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite
Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Prepara-
1.3 The specimens described herein may not be representa-
tion
tive of actual joints which may contain one or more free edges
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
adjacent to the fastener, or may contain multiple fasteners that
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
can change the actual boundary conditions.
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
1.4 Thistestmethodisconsistentwiththerecommendations
terials
of CMH-17, which describes the desirable attributes of a
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
fastener pull-through test method.
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Lot or Process
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
ASTM Test Methods
must be used independently of the other. Combining values
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
E1309 Guide for Identification of Fiber-Reinforced
standard.
Polymer-Matrix Composite Materials in Databases (With-
3
1.5.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in
drawn 2015)
brackets.
E1434 Guide for Recording Mechanical Test Data of Fiber-
ReinforcedCompositeMaterialsinDatabases(Withdrawn
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3
2015)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.05 on contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Structural Test Methods. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2016. Published August 2016. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7332/D7332M–15a. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D7332_D7332M-16. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7332/D7332M − 16
2.2 Industry Document
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7332/D7332M − 15A D7332/D7332M − 16
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Fastener Pull-Through Resistance of a
1
Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7332/D7332M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method determines the fastener pull-through resistance of multidirectional polymer matrix composites reinforced
by high-modulus fibers. Fastener pull-through resistance is characterized by the force-versus-displacement response exhibited
when a mechanical fastener is pulled through a composite plate, with the force applied perpendicular to the plane of the plate. The
composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for
which the laminate is symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and
thicknesses is defined in 8.2.
1.2 Two test procedures and configurations are provided. The first, Procedure A, is suitable for screening and fastener
development purposes. The second, Procedure B, is configuration-dependent and is suitable for establishing design values. Both
procedures can be used to perform comparative evaluations of candidate fasteners/fastener system designs.
1.3 The specimens described herein may not be representative of actual joints which may contain one or more free edges
adjacent to the fastener, or may contain multiple fasteners that can change the actual boundary conditions.
1.4 This test method is consistent with the recommendations of CMH-17, which describes the desirable attributes of a fastener
pull-through test method.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two
systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.5.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D3171 Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite Materials
D3410/D3410M Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials with Unsupported Gage
Section by Shear Loading
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix Composite
Materials
D5687/D5687M Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Preparation
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.05 on Structural Test
Methods.
Current edition approved May 15, 2015Aug. 1, 2016. Published May 2015August 2016. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as
D7332/D7332M–15.–15a. DOI: 10.1520/D7332_D7332M-15A.10.1520/D7332_D7332M-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7332/D7332M − 16
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or
Process
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
3
E130
...