ASTM B391-03
(Specification)Standard Specification for Niobium and Niobium Alloy Ingots
Standard Specification for Niobium and Niobium Alloy Ingots
ABSTRACT
This specification covers unalloyed and alloyed niobium ingots prepared by vacuum- or plasma-arc melting or electron-beam melting to produce consolidated metal for processing to various mill shapes. The materials covered by this specification are R04200-Type 1 which is a reactor grade unalloyed niobium, R04210-Type 2 which is a commercial grade unalloyed niobium, R04251-Type 3 which is a reactor grade niobium alloy, and R04261-Type 4 which is a commercial grade niobium alloy. The ingot metal for all four types shall be vacuum or plasma arc melted, vacuum electron-beam melted, or any combination of these three methods. The materials shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, zirconium, tantalum, iron, silicon, tungsten, nickel, molybdenum, hafnium, titanium, boron, aluminum, beryllium, chromium, and cobalt. The ingots shall also conform to the required maximum Brinell hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers unalloyed and alloyed niobium ingots prepared by vacuum- or plasma-arc melting or electron-beam melting to produce consolidated metal for processing to various mill shapes.
Note 1—Committee B10 has adopted "niobium" as the designation for Element No. 41, formerly named "columbium."
1.2 The materials covered by this specification are:
1.2.1 R04200-Type 1—Reactor grade unalloyed niobium,
1.2.2 R04210-Type 2—Commercial grade unalloyed niobium,
1.2.3 R04251-Type 3—Reactor grade niobium alloy containing 1 % zirconium, and
1.2.4 R04261-Type 4—Commercial grade niobium alloy containing 1 % zirconium.
1.3 Unless a single unit is used, for example force for hardness testing in kN, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: B391 – 03
Standard Specification for
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Niobium and Niobium Alloy Ingots
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B391; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Ordering Information
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversunalloyedandalloyedniobium 3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
ingots prepared by vacuum- or plasma-arc melting or electron- the following information, as applicable:
beam melting to produce consolidated metal for processing to 3.1.1 ASTM standard number and year of issue,
various mill shapes. 3.1.2 Type (see 1.2),
3.1.3 Quantity in weight or pieces,
NOTE 1—Committee B10 has adopted “niobium” as the designation for
3.1.4 Size, diameter and length,
Element No. 41, formerly named “columbium.”
3.1.5 Chemistry (see 5.2),
1.2 The materials covered by this specification are:
3.1.6 Hardness (see 6.2),
1.2.1 R04200-Type 1—Reactor grade unalloyed niobium,
3.1.7 Permissible overshipment (see 7.1),
1.2.2 R04210-Type 2—Commercial grade unalloyed nio-
3.1.8 Quality and finish (see 8.2 and 8.6),
bium,
3.1.9 Sampling (Section 9)
1.2.3 R04251-Type 3—Reactor grade niobium alloy con-
3.1.10 Packaging (Section 16), and
taining 1 % zirconium, and
3.1.11 Required reports (Section 14).
1.2.4 R04261-Type 4—Commercial grade niobium alloy
containing 1 % zirconium.
4. Materials and Manufacture
1.3 Unless a single unit is used, for example force for
4.1 The ingot metal for all four types may be vacuum or
hardness testing in kN, the values stated in inch-pound units
plasma arc melted, vacuum electron-beam melted, or any
are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in
combination of these three methods.
parentheses are for information only.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
5. Chemical Requirements Chemical Requirements
test method portions of this specification: This standard does
5.1 The finished ingot shall conform to the requirements for
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
chemical composition as prescribed in Table 1.
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
5.2 Analysis for elements not listed in Table 1 and not
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
normally expected in niobium shall not be required unless
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
specified at time of purchase.
to use.
6. Hardness
2. Referenced Documents
6.1 The maximum Brinell hardness shall conform to the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
requirements specified in Table 2.
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
6.2 If the hardness test impressions on the ingot side wall
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would be detrimental to subsequent fabrication, the hardness
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
test requirements may be waived or changed as mutually
Determine Conformance with Specifications
agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
7. Permissible Variations
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on
7.1 Quantity—For orders requiring up to 100 lb (45.4 kg) of
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee B10.03 on Niobium and Tantalum.
ingots, the manufacturer may overship up to a maximum of
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published May 2003. Originally
20 %. For orders up to and including 1000 lb (454 kg), the
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as B391 – 99. DOI:
manufacturer may overship up to a maximum of 10 %. The
10.1520/B0391-03.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
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B391 – 03
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Type 1 (Reactor Type 2 (Commercial Type 3 (Reactor Type 4 (Commercial
Element Grade Unalloyed Grade Unalloyed Grade Niobium–1 % Grade Niobium–1 %
Niobium) Niobium) Zirconium) Zirconium)
R04200 R04210 R04251 R04261
Max Weight % (Except Where Otherwise Specified)
Each Ingot:
Carbon 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
Nitrogen 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
Oxygen 0.015 0.025 0.015 0.025
Hydrogen 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015
Zirconium 0.02 0.02 0.8 to 1.2 (range) 0.8 to 1.2 (range)
Tantalum 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5
Iron 0.005 0.01 0.005 0.01
Silicon 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005
Tungsten 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.05
Nickel 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005
Molybdenum 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.050
Hafnium 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
Titanium 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03
When Specified:
Boron 2 ppm . 2 p
...
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