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ASTM D61-75(2004)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Pitches (Cube-in-Water Method)

Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Pitches (Cube-in-Water Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Pitch does not go through a solid-liquid phase change when heated, and therefore it does not have a true melting point. As the temperature rises, pitch softens and becomes less viscous. The softening point is arbitrarily defined and shall be established by a closely controlled method which shall be carefully followed if test results are to be reproducible.
This test is useful in determining the consistency of pitch as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the softening point of pitches below 176°F (80°C) by this method. Pitches of higher softening point should be tested by Test Method D2319 or Test Method D3104.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2004
ICS
75.140 - Waxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.05 - Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D61-75(1999) - Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Pitches (Cube-in-Water Method)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D61-75(2010) - Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Pitches (Cube-in-Water Method)
Effective Date
15-Feb-2010
Referred By
ASTM D71-94(2019) - Standard Test Method for Relative Density of Solid Pitch and Asphalt (Displacement Method)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM D2319/D2319M-20 - Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Pitch (Cube-in-Air Method)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004

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ASTM D61-75(2004) - Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Pitches (Cube-in-Water Method)ASTM D61-75(2004) - Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Pitches (Cube-in-Water Method)
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ASTM D61-75(2004) - Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Pitches (Cube-in-Water Method)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:D61–75 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Method for
Softening Point of Pitches (Cube-in-Water Method)
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD61;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.2 This test is useful in determining the consistency of
pitch as one element in establishing the uniformity of ship-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the soft-
ments or sources of supply.
ening point of pitches below 176°F (80°C). Pitches of higher
softening point should be tested byTest Method D2319 orTest
5. Apparatus
Method D3104.
5.1 Mold—A mold suitable for forming two ⁄2-in. (12.7-
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
mm) cubes of pitch, having cylindrical core pins 12 gage (2.05
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
mm) in diameter located in the base plate of the assembly to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
produce accurately centered suspension holes in the cubes.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
(See Fig. 1.)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 Hooks—Two L-shaped hooks, made of 12-gage (2.05-
2. Referenced Documents mm) copper wire. The foot of the hook shall be 1-in. (25-mm)
longandatarightangletotheuprightportionforinsertioninto
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the center hole of the pitch cube.
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
5.3 Container—A glass vessel that can be heated, not less
D2319 Test Method for Softening Point of Pitch (Cube-in-
than 85 mm in diameter and 105 mm deep. (A standard
Air Method)
600-mL low-form beaker meets these requirements).
D3104 Test Method for Softening Point of Pitches (Mettler
5.4 Thermometer—An ASTM Low Softening Point Ther-
Softening Point Method)
mometer having a range from 30 to 180°F (−2 to 80°C) and
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
conformingtotherequirementsforThermometer15F(15C)as
3. Summary of Test Method described in Specification E1.
5.5 Heat Source:
3.1 Twocubesofpitch,supportedonwirehooks,areheated
5.5.1 Electric Heater—A hot plate or immersion heater
at a controlled rate in water in a glass container. The softening
provided with a variable transformer or other device suitable
point is defined as the mean of the temperatures at which the
for regulating the temperature of the heating element.
cubes sag downwards a distance of 25 mm.
5.5.2 Gas Heater—A bunsen-type burner, fitted with a
4. Significance and Use
chimney.
4.1 Pitch does not go through a solid-liquid phase change
6. Sampling
when heated, and therefore it does not have a true melting
6.1 Samples from shipments shall be taken in accordance
point.As the temperature rises, pitch softens and becomes less
with Practice D140 and shall be free of foreign substances.
viscous. The softening point is arbitrarily defined and shall be
Thoroughly mix the sample before removing a representative
established by a closely controlled method which shall be
portion for the determination or for dehydration.
carefully followed if test results are to be reproducible.
6.2 If the presence of water is indicated by surface foam on
heating, maintain the sample at a temperature of about 260°F
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
(125°C) in an open container until the surface is free of foam.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Take care not to overheat, and remove from the heat source as
D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
soon as the foam has subsided.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originally
approvedin1919.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin1999asD61–75(1999).DOI:
7. Test Specimens
10.1520/D0061-75R04.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
7.1 Coat the inner surfaces and core pins of the mold very
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
lightly with silicone oil or silicone grease. Form the pitch into
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. truly shaped cubes either by pressing (7.2) or by pouring (7.4),
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D61–75 (2004)
FIG. 1 Apparatus for Cube-in-Water Method
thelatterbeingprecededbymelting(7.3)ifthesampleissolid. 7.3 To melt a dry pitch sample, add the material to a
Use an excess of pitch in either case. Cool until firm and container having a height equal to or exceeding its width and
remove the surplus material by drawing the heated blade of a avolumeofnotlessthan50mL,untilitisabouthalffull.Place
putty knife or spatula across the surface of the mold so that the the cont
...

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