ASTM C1468-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Transthickness Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
Standard Test Method for Transthickness Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method may be used for material development, material comparison, quality assurance, characterization, and design data generation.
4.2 Continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites generally are characterized by fine grain sized (ZX, τZY) in advanced ceramics, there is significant difficulty in test specimen machining and testing. Improperly prepared notches can produce nonuniform stress distribution in the shear test specimens and can lead to ambiguity of interpretation of strength results. In addition, these shear test specimens also rarely produce a gage section that is in a state of pure shear. Uniaxially-forced transthickness tensile strength tests measure the tensile interlaminar strength avoid the complications listed above, and provide information on mechanical behavior and strength for a uniformly stressed material. The ultimate strength value measured is not a direct measure of the matrix strength, but a combination of the strength of the matrix and the level of bonding between the fiber, fiber/matrix interphase, and the matrix.
4.3 CFCCs tested in a transthickness tensile test may fail from a single dominant flaw or from a cumulative damage process; therefore, the volume of material subjected to a uniform tensile stress for a single uniaxially-forceed transthickness tensile test may be a significant factor in determining the ultimate strength of CFCCs. The probabilistic nature of the strength distributions of the brittle matrices of CFCCs requires a sufficient number of test specimens at each testing condition for statistical analysis and design, with guidelines for test specimen size and sufficient numbers provided in this test method. Studies to determine the exact influence of test specimen volume on strength distributions for CFCCs have not been completed. It should be noted that strengths obtained using other recommended test specimens with different volumes and areas may vary due to these volume differences.
4.4 The r...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of transthickness tensile strength under monotonic uniaxial forcing of continuous fiber-reinforced ceramics (CFCC) at ambient temperature. This test method addresses, but is not restricted to, various suggested test specimen geometries, test fixtures, data collection and reporting procedure. In general, round or square test specimens are tensile tested in the direction normal to the thickness by bonding appropriate hardware to the samples and performing the test. For a Cartesian coordinate system, the x-axis and the y-axis are in the plane of the test specimen. The transthickness direction is normal to the plane and is labeled the z-axis for this test method. For CFCCs, the plane of the test specimen normally contains the larger of the three dimensions and is parallel to the fiber layers for uni-directional, bi-directional, and woven composites. Note that transthickness tensile strength as used in this test method refers to the tensile strength obtained under monotonic uniaxial forcing where monotonic refers to a continuous nonstop test rate with no reversals from test initiation to final fracture.
1.2 This test method is intended primarily for use with all advanced ceramic matrix composites with continuous fiber reinforcement: unidirectional (1-D), bidirectional (2-D), woven, and tridirectional (3-D). In addition, this test method also may be used with glass (amorphous) matrix composites with 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D continuous fiber reinforcement. This test method does not address directly discontinuous fiber-reinforced, whisker-reinforced or particulate-reinforced ceramics, although the test methods detailed here may be equally applicable to these composites. It should be noted that 3-D architectures with a high volume fraction of fibers in the “z” direction may be difficult to test successfully.
1.3 Values are in accordance with the International System of Units (SI) and ...
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Designation: C1468 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Transthickness Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-
1
Reinforced Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1468; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftransthick-
T bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Additional recom-
ness tensile strength S under monotonic uniaxial forcing of
~ !
U
mendations are provided in 6.7 and Section 7.
continuous fiber-reinforced ceramics (CFCC) at ambient tem-
perature. This test method addresses, but is not restricted to,
2. Referenced Documents
various suggested test specimen geometries, test fixtures, data
2
collectionandreportingprocedure.Ingeneral,roundorsquare 2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1145Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
test specimens are tensile tested in the direction normal to the
thickness by bonding appropriate hardware to the samples and C1239Practice for Reporting Uniaxial Strength Data and
performing the test. For a Cartesian coordinate system, the EstimatingWeibull Distribution Parameters forAdvanced
x-axis and the y-axis are in the plane of the test specimen.The Ceramics
transthickness direction is normal to the plane and is labeled C1275Test Method for Monotonic Tensile Behavior of
the z-axisforthistestmethod.ForCFCCs,theplaneofthetest Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics with
specimen normally contains the larger of the three dimensions Solid Rectangular Cross-Section Test Specimens at Am-
and is parallel to the fiber layers for uni-directional, bi- bient Temperature
directional, and woven composites. Note that transthickness C1468Test Method for Transthickness Tensile Strength of
tensile strength as used in this test method refers to the tensile Continuous Fiber-ReinforcedAdvanced Ceramics atAm-
strength obtained under monotonic uniaxial forcing where bient Temperature
monotonic refers to a continuous nonstop test rate with no D3878Terminology for Composite Materials
reversals from test initiation to final fracture. E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of MechanicalTesting
1.2 This test method is intended primarily for use with all
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
advanced ceramic matrix composites with continuous fiber
ASTM Test Methods
reinforcement: unidirectional (1-D), bidirectional (2-D),
E337Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-
woven, and tridirectional (3-D). In addition, this test method
chrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Tem-
also may be used with glass (amorphous) matrix composites
peratures)
with 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D continuous fiber reinforcement. This
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
test method does not address directly discontinuous fiber-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
reinforced, whisker-reinforced or particulate-reinforced
IEEE/ASTM SI 10American National Standard for Use of
ceramics, although the test methods detailed here may be
theInternationalSystemofUnits(SI):TheModernMetric
equally applicable to these composites. It should be noted that
System.
3-D architectures with a high volume fraction of fibers in the
E1012Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-
“z” direction may be difficult to test successfully.
men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial
1.3 Values are in accordance with the International System
Force Application
of Units (SI) and IEEE/ASTM SI 10.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.07 on
2
Ceramic Matrix Composites. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2013. Published April 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C1468–06. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1468-13. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 -----
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1468 − 06 C1468 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Transthickness Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-
1
Reinforced Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1468; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
T
1.1 This test method covers the determination of transthickness tensile strength ~S ! under monotonic uniaxial forcing of
U
continuous fiber-reinforced ceramics (CFCC) at ambient temperature. This test method addresses, but is not restricted to, various
suggested test specimen geometries, test fixtures, data collection and reporting procedure. In general, round or square test
specimens are tensile tested in the direction normal to the thickness by bonding appropriate hardware to the samples and
performing the test. For a Cartesian coordinate system, the x-axis and the y-axis are in the plane of the test specimen. The
transthickness direction is normal to the plane and is labeled the z-axis for this test method. For CFCCs, the plane of the test
specimen normally contains the larger of the three dimensions and is parallel to the fiber layers for uni-directional, bi-directional,
and woven composites. Note that transthickness tensile strength as used in this test method refers to the tensile strength obtained
under monotonic uniaxial forcing where monotonic refers to a continuous nonstop test rate with no reversals from test initiation
to final fracture.
1.2 This test method is intended primarily for use with all advanced ceramic matrix composites with continuous fiber
reinforcement: unidirectional (1-D), bidirectional (2-D), woven, and tridirectional (3-D). In addition, this test method also may be
used with glass (amorphous) matrix composites with 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D continuous fiber reinforcement. This test method does not
address directly discontinuous fiber-reinforced, whisker-reinforced or particulate-reinforced ceramics, although the test methods
detailed here may be equally applicable to these composites. It should be noted that 3-D architectures with a high volume fraction
of fibers in the “z” direction may be difficult to test successfully.
1.3 Values are in accordance with the International System of Units (SI) and IEEE/ASTM SI 10.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Additional recommendations are provided in 6.7 and Section 7.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1145 Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
C1239 Practice for Reporting Uniaxial Strength Data and Estimating Weibull Distribution Parameters for Advanced Ceramics
C1275 Test Method for Monotonic Tensile Behavior of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics with Solid
Rectangular Cross-Section Test Specimens at Ambient Temperature
C1468 Test Method for Transthickness Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics at Ambient
Temperature
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Temperatures)
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.07 on Ceramic Matrix
Composites.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2006Feb. 15, 2013. Published January 2006April 2013. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20002006 as
C1468 – 00.C1468 – 06. DOI: 10.1520/C1468-06.10.1520/C1468-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
...
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