ASTM C1147-14(2022)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Determining the Short Term Tensile Weld Strength of Chemical-Resistant Thermoplastics
Standard Practice for Determining the Short Term Tensile Weld Strength of Chemical-Resistant Thermoplastics
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The mechanical performance of welded thermoplastic structures is largely dependent on the quality of the welding operation. It is necessary for fabricators to determine that the proper welding procedures are being followed and that welders maintain their proficiency. Results from this practice are indicative of skill in proper welding procedures for different thermoplastic materials and the use of appropriate welding equipment. If the welded test specimens have short term weld factors that meet or exceed the minimums as set forth in this practice, it can be concluded that, with the same degree of skill and diligence by the welder, acceptable welds can be obtained in fabricated structures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the preparation and evaluation of joints between two pieces of weldable grades of thermoplastic materials, backed and unbacked, (such as those shown in Table 1) up to 2 in. (50 mm) in thickness.
1.2 Since there are numerous new technologies and techniques constantly being developed for plastic welding, there are no profiles and procedures that can be considered as standard for all plastics at various thicknesses. This practice is not intended to define profiles and procedures; however, it is intended to establish methods to evaluate minimum short term weld factors to be achieved by the welder for the respective plastics.
1.3 Weld procedures used for test pieces shall reflect procedures to be used in actual fabrication.
1.4 Welding methods to be used include machine welding, extrusion welding, and hot gas welding.
1.5 This practice can be utilized by relevant certification bodies to assess welder proficiency and qualification.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1147 − 14 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Practice for
Determining the Short Term Tensile Weld Strength of
1
Chemical-Resistant Thermoplastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This practice covers the preparation and evaluation of
joints between two pieces of weldable grades of thermoplastic
2. Referenced Documents
materials, backed and unbacked, (such as those shown in Table
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1) up to 2 in. (50 mm) in thickness.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
1.2 Since there are numerous new technologies and tech-
D4285 Test Method for Indicating Oil or Water in Com-
niques constantly being developed for plastic welding, there
pressed Air
are no profiles and procedures that can be considered as
D5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
standard for all plastics at various thicknesses. This practice is
Plastics Specimens
not intended to define profiles and procedures; however, it is
E4 Practices for Force Calibration and Verification of Test-
intended to establish methods to evaluate minimum short term
ing Machines
weld factors to be achieved by the welder for the respective
plastics.
3. Terminology
1.3 Weld procedures used for test pieces shall reflect pro-
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
cedures to be used in actual fabrication.
practice, see Terminology D883.
1.4 Welding methods to be used include machine welding,
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
extrusion welding, and hot gas welding.
3.2.1 butt welding (machine)—the fusing together of two
1.5 This practice can be utilized by relevant certification
pieces of plastic which are aligned in the same plane, with the
bodies to assess welder proficiency and qualification.
same mating thickness, by application of heat and pressure,
also called hot-plate welding.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.2.2 chemical-resistant—the ability of a material to resist
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only degradation by reaction with, dissolution by, or reduction of
and are not considered standard. physical continuity from contact with a chemical agent or
agents, thereby retaining its capacity to perform as a structural
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
or aesthetic entity.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.2.3 extrusion welding—a process in which heated plastic
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- is forced through a shaping orifice (or die) and applied with
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. pressure to suitably prepared, locally preheated plastic pieces
of the same resin base, to join them.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
3.2.4 hot-gas welding—a technique for joining thermoplas-
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
tics (usually sheets) in which the materials are first softened by
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
a jet of hot gas from a welding gun. A rod of the same plastic
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
isusedtofilltheheatedgapandjointhesheetsatthesametime
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
pressure is applied by either the rod or the tip of the gun.
Sometimes referred to as string bead welding.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, and Molded
2
Products. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C1147 – 14. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1147-14R22. the ASTM website.
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C1147 − 14 (2022)
TABLE 1 Ty
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