ASTM D4778-15

Standard Test Method for Determination of Corrosion and Fouling Tendency of Cooling Water Under Heat Transfer Conditions (Withdrawn 2024)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Deposits on heat transfer surfaces reduce efficiency of the heat exchanger affected. A method for easily determining the corrosion and fouling tendency of a particular water under heat transfer conditions will allow the evaluation of changes in the various system variables such as heat flux, flow velocity, metallurgy, cycles-of-concentration, and treatment schemes on heat exchanger performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides directions for fabricating and operating a test apparatus to simultaneously monitor the corrosion and fouling tendency of real and pilot cooling water systems under heat transfer conditions.  
1.2 Interpretation of the results of this test method must be left to the investigator. Many variables are involved which may not be easily controlled or fully understood. Variations in design and operating conditions may produce results that are not comparable from unit to unit.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method provides directions for fabricating and operating a test apparatus to simultaneously monitor the corrosion and fouling tendency of real and pilot cooling water systems under heat transfer conditions.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D19 on Water, this test method was withdrawn in January 2024 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 31-May-2015
• Withdrawal Date: 02-Jan-2024
• ICS: 13.060.60 - Examination of physical properties of water
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.03 - Sampling Water and Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water

Relations

• Refers: ASTM G16-13(2019) - Standard Guide for Applying Statistics to Analysis of Corrosion Data
• Effective Date: 15-Feb-2019
• Refers: ASTM G16-13 - Standard Guide for Applying Statistics to Analysis of Corrosion Data
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2013
• Refers: ASTM D2777-12 - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2012
• Refers: ASTM G1-03(2011) - Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Refers: ASTM D1129-10 - Standard Terminology Relating to Water
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2010
• Refers: ASTM G16-95(2010) - Standard Guide for Applying Statistics to Analysis of Corrosion Data
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2010
• Refers: ASTM D2331-08 - Standard Practices for Preparation and Preliminary Testing of Water-Formed Deposits
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Refers: ASTM D2777-08 - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2008
• Refers: ASTM D1129-06ae1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Water
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Refers: ASTM D1129-06a - Standard Terminology Relating to Water
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Refers: ASTM D2777-06 - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
• Effective Date: 15-Aug-2006
• Refers: ASTM D1129-06 - Standard Terminology Relating to Water
• Effective Date: 15-Feb-2006
• Refers: ASTM G16-95(2004) - Standard Guide for Applying Statistics to Analysis of Corrosion Data
• Effective Date: 01-May-2004
• Refers: ASTM D1129-04e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Water
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2004
• Refers: ASTM D1129-04 - Standard Terminology Relating to Water
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4778 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Corrosion and Fouling Tendency of
1
Cooling Water Under Heat Transfer Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4778; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
1.1 This test method provides directions for fabricating and
G1 Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corro-
operating a test apparatus to simultaneously monitor the
sion Test Specimens
corrosion and fouling tendency of real and pilot cooling water
G16 Guide for Applying Statistics to Analysis of Corrosion
systems under heat transfer conditions.
Data
1.2 Interpretation of the results of this test method must be
lefttotheinvestigator.Manyvariablesareinvolvedwhichmay 3. Terminology
not be easily controlled or fully understood. Variations in
3.1 Definitions:
design and operating conditions may produce results that are
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
not comparable from unit to unit.
Terminology D1129.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.2.1 corrosion, n—the deterioration of the metal by reac-
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
tion with its environment.
and are not considered standard.
3.2.2 fouling, n—deposition of organic matter or inorganic
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
matter, or both, on heat transfer surfaces that result in the loss
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of heat transfer efficiency.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.3 heat flux, n—heat transfer per unit area per unit time.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.1 Water from the system to be tested flows across a heated
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tube of the desired metallurgy at a constant flow rate and heat
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
flux. Corrosion rate is determined by weight loss while fouling
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tendency is determined by the deposit weight.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Deposits on heat transfer surfaces reduce efficiency of
2. Referenced Documents
the heat exchanger affected. A method for easily determining
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the corrosion and fouling tendency of a particular water under
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
heat transfer conditions will allow the evaluation of changes in
D2331 Practices for Preparation and Preliminary Testing of
the various system variables such as heat flux, flow velocity,
Water-Formed Deposits
metallurgy, cycles-of-concentration, and treatment schemes on
heat exchanger performance.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
6. Apparatus (Fig. 1)
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and
Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use,
3 1
6.1 Test Specimen—Ametal tube of ⁄8 or ⁄2 in. (9.5 or 12.5
On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water.
mm) outside diameter with sufficient inside diameter to snug-
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2015.PublishedJuly2015.Originallyapproved
gly accommodate the cartridge heater. The tube should be cut
in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4778 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/
1
D4778-15.
to a length sufficient to extend ⁄2 in. (12.5 mm) from each end
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
of the test assembly. If both corrosion and deposition are to be
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
determined, metallurgy of the test specimen should match that
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. of the heat exchanger being modeled.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4778 − 10 D4778 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Corrosion and Fouling Tendency of
1
Cooling Water Under Heat Transfer Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4778; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method provides directions for fabricating and operating a test apparatus to simultaneously monitor the corrosion
and fouling tendency of real and pilot cooling water systems under heat transfer conditions.
1.2 Interpretation of the results of this test method must be left to the investigator. Many variables are involved which may not
be easily controlled or fully understood. Variations in design and operating conditions may produce results that are not comparable
from unit to unit.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only.only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D2331 Practices for Preparation and Preliminary Testing of Water-Formed Deposits
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
G1 Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens
G16 Guide for Applying Statistics to Analysis of Corrosion Data
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions: For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D1129.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D1129.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 corrosion, n—the deterioration of the metal by reaction with its environment.
3.2.2 fouling, n—deposition of organic matter or inorganic matter, or both, on heat transfer surfaces that result in the loss of heat
transfer efficiency.
3.2.3 heat flux, n—heat transfer per unit area per unit time.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Water from the system to be tested flows across a heated tube of the desired metallurgy at a constant flow rate and heat flux.
Corrosion rate is determined by weight loss while fouling tendency is determined by the deposit weight.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and
Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010June 1, 2015. Published March 2011July 2015. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
ε1
D4778 – 05D4778 – 10. . DOI: 10.1520/D4778-10.10.1520/D4778-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D4778 − 15
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Deposits on heat transfer surfaces reduce efficiency of the heat exchanger affected. A method for easily determining the
corrosion and fouling tendency of a particular water under heat transfer conditions will allow the evaluation of changes in the
various system variables such as heat flux, flow velocity, metallurgy, cycles-of-concentration, and treatment schemes on heat
exchanger performance.
6. Apparatus (Fig. 1)
3 1
6.1 Test Specimen—A metal tube of ⁄8 or ⁄2 in. (9.5 or 12.5 mm) outside diameter with sufficient inside diameter to snuggly
1
accommodate the cartridge heater. The tube should be cut to a length sufficient to extend ⁄2 in. (12.5 mm) from each end of the
test assembly. If both corrosion and deposition are to be determined, metallurgy of the test specimen should match that of the heat
exchanger being m
...