ASTM E161-96
(Specification)Standard Specification for Precision Electroformed Sieves
Standard Specification for Precision Electroformed Sieves
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for design and construction of electroformed sieves. These sieves are used to perform particle-size distribution analysis and in preparing narrowly designated particle-size fractions. They may also be used as reference standards when suitably calibrated. A method of calibrating these sieves is included in the Annex.
Note 1--Complete instructions and procedures on the use and calibration of testing sieves are contained in ASTM Manual 32. This publication also contains a list of all published ASTM Standards on sieve analysis procedures for specific materials or industries.
1.2 The sieve analysis results from two testing sieves of the same sieve designation may not be the same because of the variances in sieve opening permitted by this specification. To minimize the differences in sieve analysis results, the use of testing sieves matched on a performance basis is suggested.
Note 2--For other types of sieves, see Specifications E11 and E323.
1.3 The values stated in SI units shall be considered standard for the dimensions of the electroformed mesh openings and the size of the wires in the electroformed mesh. The values stated in inch units shall be considered standard with regard to the sieve frames.
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Designation: E 161 – 96 An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Specification for
Precision Electroformed Sieves
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 161; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Ordering Information
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for design 3.1 Orders for items under this specification include the
and construction of electroformed sieves. These sieves are used following information as necessary:
to perform particle-size distribution analysis and in preparing 3.1.1 Name of material (Electroformed Sieve),
narrowly designated particle-size fractions. They may also be 3.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue (ASTM
used as reference standards when suitably calibrated. A method E 161 – XX),
of calibrating these sieves is included in the Annex. 3.1.3 Quantity of each item, and
3.1.4 Standard sieve designation (Table 1, Column 1).
NOTE 1—Complete instructions and procedures on the use and calibra-
3.1.5 For testing sieves in standard circular frames:
tion of testing sieves are contained in ASTM Special Technical Publica-
3.1.5.1 Nominal sieve frame diameter, and
tion STP447B . This publication also contains a list of all published
ASTM Standards on sieve analysis procedures for specific materials or 3.1.5.2 Nominal sieve frame height.
industries.
3.1.6 For sieve cloth not in frames or in non-standard
frames:
1.2 The sieve analysis results from two testing sieves of the
3.1.6.1 Lateral dimension of sieve mesh, and
same sieve designation may not be the same because of the
3.1.6.2 Description of non-standard frame.
variances in sieve opening permitted by this specification. To
3.1.7 For sieves requiring supporting grid:
minimize the differences in sieve analysis results, the use of
3.1.7.1 Support grid desired,
testing sieves matched on a performance basis is suggested.
3.1.7.2 Support grid mounted up or down, and
NOTE 2—For other types of sieves, see Specifications E 11 and E 323.
3.1.8 Compatible sieve pans and covers.
1.3 The values stated in SI units shall be considered
4. Sieve Sheet Requirements
standard for the dimensions of the electroformed mesh open-
ings and the size of the wires in the electroformed mesh. The 4.1 The material used in the manufacture of the sieve sheet
values stated in inch units shall be considered standard with shall be nickel or a metal suitable for electrodeposition in a
regard to the sieve frames. firm crystalline structure. The sheet shall have square or round
openings with straight uniform sides and smooth, flat surfaces
2. Referenced Documents
except for a slight bevel along the edges of the openings. The
2.1 ASTM Standards: thickness of the sheet (exclusive of the supporting grid, see
C 430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by
4.2), is governed by the method of manufacture, the size of the
the No. 325 (45μ m) Sieve openings and the width of material between openings, but in no
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur- case shall the thickness of material between the openings be
poses
less than 10 μm (0.0004 in.).
E 323 Specification for Perforated-Plate Sieves for Testing 4.2 If a supporting grid is required for durability, the sieve
Purposes
sheet shall be mounted to the supporting metal grid in such a
2.2 ISO Standard: manner that the sheet is firmly bonded to the grid. The
ISO 565 Test sieves—Metal wire cloth, perforated plate and
supporting grid shall be of suitable thickness and strand width
electroformed sheet-nominal aperture sizes to provide adequate support to the sheet. The sheet shall be
mounted on the supporting grid with the openings running in
the same direction as those of the supporting grid.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-29 on
4.3 The finished and mounted sieve sheet from which the
Particle and Spray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of subcommittee
sieves are constructed, shall conform to the requirements for
E29.01 on Sieves, Sieving Methods and Screening Media.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1996. Published January 1997. Originally opening size and spacing as outlined in Table 1. Extraneous
published as E 161 – 60. Last previous edition E 161 – 87 (1992).
metal formed in or near the corners which does not restrict the
ASTM STP 447B, Manual on Test Sieving Methods, Available from ASTM,
passage of a spheroidal particle shall be disregarded. The mean
100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
dimension of these openings as defined in Table 1 establishes
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 4.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
the designated size of the sieve.
International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
E 161
TABLE 1 Nominal Dimensions, Permissible Variations and Limits
5.1.1 The sieve sheet shall be mounted on the frame without
for Precision Electroformed Sieves
distortion, looseness, or waviness.
Limits, Limits,
5.1.2 To prevent the material being sieved from catching in
Tolerance
Nominal
Openings per Openings per
on Sieve
the joint between the sieve sheet and the frame, the joint shall
Opening Size, B
Linear cm Linear in.
Openings,
A
μm
be filled smoothly or constructed so that the material will not
6 μm
Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
be trapped.
500 2.0 15.35 16.14 39 41
5.2 Standard Circular Frames—Sieve frames shall be cir-
425 2.0 17.32 18.11 44 46
cular, of seamless construction, with nominal diameters of 3,
355 2.0 19.29 20.87 49 53
300 2.0 22.83 24.41 58 62
3.94, 7.87, 8, 12 in. (76.2, 100, 200, 203.2, 304.8 mm) as may
250 2.0 25.20 26.77 64 68
be specified. The dimensions shall conform to the requirements
212 2.0 31.89 33.46 81 85
in Table 2.
180 2.0 35.04 36.61 89 93
150 2.0 41.34 46.06 105 117
5.2.1 The bottom of the frames shall be constructed so as to
125 2.0 46.06 51.18 117 130
provide an easy sliding fit with any sieve frames of the same
106 2.0 47.24 59.06 120 150
90 2.0 55.12 78.74 140 200 nominal diameter conforming to the specified dimensions.
75 2.0 59.06 78.74 150 200
5.2.2 The joint or fillet at the connection of the sieve sheet
63 2.0 66.93 98.43 170 250
to the frames will provide a minimum clear sieving surface
53 2.0 78.74 110.24 200 280
45 2.0 90.55 118.11 230 300 with a diameter equal to the nominal diameter less 0.5 in. (13
38 2.0 98.43 137.80 250 350
mm).
32 2.0 110.24 157.48 280 400
C C C C 5.3 Non-Standard Frames—Other sieve frames may be
25 2.0 118.11 196.85 300 500
C C C C
either square, rectangular, or circular.
20 2.0 157.48 295.28 400 750
C C C C
15 2.0 157.48 295.28 400 750
5.3.1 The frame may have the sieve sheet permanently
C C C C
10 2.0 196.85 393.70 500 1000
installed or may be designed to permit replacement.
C C C C
5 2.0 196.85 590.55 500 1500
A
These nominal size openings are from the preferred number series R40/3 and
NOTE 4—Refer to Test Method C 430, which contains requirements for
R10 (Openings on apertures 32 μm and less are series R10.) These standard
3-in. (76.2-mm) diameter by 3-in. (76.2-mm) high sieves used in the
designations correspond to the values for test sieve apertures recommended by
mineral industries, especially the cement group.
the International Standards Organization, Geneva, Switzerland in ISO/565. Other
opening sizes are not precluded.
5.3.2 The provisions of 5.1 apply, except that the frames
B
These limits permit at least two adjacent sieves to be formed with the same
may also be made of other materials.
number of openings per cm. The percent open area must in no case be so great
that the width of metal between openings is less than 18 μm.
NOTE 5—Exercise care to prevent loss of material when using non-
C
Because of their greater durability in routine testing, sieves made close to the
s
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