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ASTM E3190-19

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Preparation of Fixed Radiological/Surrogate Contamination on Porous Test Coupon Surfaces for Evaluation of Decontamination Techniques

Standard Practice for Preparation of Fixed Radiological/Surrogate Contamination on Porous Test Coupon Surfaces for Evaluation of Decontamination Techniques

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides a protocol to compare different decontamination technologies with a standard contamination mechanism and analysis of subsequent decontamination factors/efficiencies.  
5.2 The use of this practice provides for the preparation of test coupons with a known amount of fixed radiological or surrogate contaminant on the surface.  
5.3 A standard test coupon is described and a list of potential spray equipment, contaminants, and contaminating solutions is provided within the procedure.  
5.4 This method describes a contamination simulation process that meets the requirements of testing performed (previously) by the U.S. Department of Energy and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide a basis for simulating radioactive contamination consistent with processes used to evaluate decontamination. The methods described provide a “fixed-type” radiological or surrogate contamination on porous surfaces; these methods provide a surface contamination that is not easily removed by brushing or flushing with water.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This practice is intended to be practiced primarily on porous surfaces such as concrete, marble, granite, grout, brick, tile, asphalt, vinyl floor tile, latex painted gypsum wall board and polyurethane coated wood. Preparation of non-porous substrates is not addressed, although similar methodology may be used.  
1.4 The chemical simulants shall not include nor generate toxic by-products as defined by U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) during preparation, application, or removal under normal conditions. A Safety Data Sheet shall be provided so that appropriate PPE can be selected.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Mar-2019
ICS
17.040.20 - Properties of surfaces
Technical Committee
E10 - Nuclear Technology and Applications
Drafting Committee
E10.03 - Radiological Protection for Decontamination and Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities and Components
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Referred By
ASTM E3283-21 - Standard Practice for Preparation of Loose Radiological/Surrogate Contamination on Nonporous Test Coupon Surfaces for Evaluation of Decontamination Techniques
Effective Date
01-Apr-2019

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ASTM E3190-19 - Standard Practice for Preparation of Fixed Radiological/Surrogate Contamination on Porous Test Coupon Surfaces for Evaluation of Decontamination TechniquesASTM E3190-19 - Standard Practice for Preparation of Fixed Radiological/Surrogate Contamination on Porous Test Coupon Surfaces for Evaluation of Decontamination Techniques
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ASTM E3190-19 - Standard Practice for Preparation of Fixed Radiological/Surrogate Contamination on Porous Test Coupon Surfaces for Evaluation of Decontamination Techniques
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3190 − 19
Standard Practice for
Preparation of Fixed Radiological/Surrogate Contamination
on Porous Test Coupon Surfaces for Evaluation of
1
Decontamination Techniques
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3190; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This practice is intended to provide a basis for simulat- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
ingradioactivecontaminationconsistentwithprocessesusedto D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
evaluate decontamination. The methods described provide a
3. Terminology
“fixed-type” radiological or surrogate contamination on porous
surfaces; these methods provide a surface contamination that is
3.1 Definitions:
not easily removed by brushing or flushing with water.
3.1.1 contamination, n—radioactive material in an un-
wanted location.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
3.1.2 deminimus sample result, n—a result below which no
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
further effort of quantification is required, typically about 2 %
of the original contamination value. For fixed contamination
1.3 This practice is intended to be practiced primarily on
calculations, the 2 % of the original contamination value is
porous surfaces such as concrete, marble, granite, grout, brick,
adequate due to the difficulty in achieving such results and the
tile, asphalt, vinyl floor tile, latex painted gypsum wall board
essential nature of the precision of the method.
and polyurethane coated wood. Preparation of non-porous
substrates is not addressed, although similar methodology may
3.1.3 fixed contamination, n—contamination that is not
be used.
removable by brushing or flushing it away with water at
pressures below 0.689 MPa (100 psi).
1.4 The chemical simulants shall not include nor generate
toxic by-products as defined by U.S. Occupational Safety and 3.1.4 loose contamination, n—contamination that is remov-
Health Administration (OSHA) during preparation, able by brushing or flushing it away with water at pressures
application,orremovalundernormalconditions.ASafetyData below 0.689 MPa (100 psi).
Sheet shall be provided so that appropriate PPE can be
3.1.5 non-radiological surrogate, n—a material used in
selected.
place of a radioactive material to evaluate a proscribed method
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the withoutnecessitatingtheuseofactualradioactivematerial.For
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the use of surrogates, the user shall ensure adequate chemical,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- mechanical, etc. mimicry of the proposed radiological material
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- the surrogate is replacing.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.6 personal protective equipment (PPE), n—refers to the
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments or
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
equipmentdesignedtoprotectthewearer’sbodyfrominjuryor
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
contamination.The hazards addressed by protective equipment
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
may include physical, electrical, heat, chemicals, and radio-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
logical hazards.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.7 radiological work permit (RWP), n—a written work
authorization prepared by the facility radiological control
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E10 on Nuclear
Technology and Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
E10.03 on Radiological Protection for Decontamination and Decommissioning of For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Nuclear Facilities and Components. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published May 2019. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
E3190-19 the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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ASTM E3283-21(Practice)
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5.1 This practice provides a protocol to compare different decontamination technologies with a standard contamination mechanism and analysis of subsequent decontamination factors/efficiencies.  
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1.1 This practice is intended to provide a basis for simulating radioactive contamination consistent with processes used to evaluate decontamination. The methods described provide a “loose-type” radiological or surrogate contamination on nonporous surfaces; these methods provide a surface contamination that may be easily removed by brushing or flushing with water.  
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SCOPE
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This specification covers infrared thermometers, which are electronic instruments intended for the intermittent measurement and monitoring of patient temperatures by means of detecting the intensity of thermal radiation between the subject of measurement and the sensor. The specification addresses the assessment of the subject's internal body temperature through measurement of thermal emission from the ear canal. Though, performance requirements for noncontact temperature measurement of skin are also provided. Limits are set for laboratory accuracy, and determination and disclosure of clinical accuracy of the covered instruments are required. Performance and storage limits under various environmental conditions, requirements for labeling, and test procedures are all established herein.
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SCOPE
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4.1 This practice describes three operational steps necessary to ensure accurate coating thickness measurement: calibration, verification and adjustment of coating thickness measuring gages, as well as proper methods for obtaining coating thickness measurements on both ferrous and non-ferrous metal substrates.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the use of magnetic and eddy current gages for dry film thickness measurement. This practice is intended to supplement the manufacturers’ instructions for the manual operation of the gages and is not intended to replace them. It includes definitions of key terms, reference documents, the significance and use of the practice, the advantages and limitations of coating thickness gages, and a description of test specimens. It describes the methods and recommended frequency for verifying the accuracy of gages and for adjusting the equipment and lists the reporting recommendations.  
1.2 These procedures are not applicable to coatings that will be readily deformed under the load of the measuring gages/probes, as the gage probe must be placed directly on the coating surface to obtain a reading. Provisions for measuring on soft or tacky coatings are described in 5.7.  
1.3 Coating thickness can be measured using a variety of gages. These gages are categorized as “magnetic pull-off” and “electronic.” They use a sensing probe or magnet to measure the gap (distance) between the base metal and the probe. This measured distance is displayed as coating thickness by the gages.  
1.4 Coating thickness can vary widely across a surface. As a result, obtaining single-point measurements may not accurately represent the actual coating system thickness. SSPC-PA 2 prescribes a frequency of coating thickness measurement based on the size of the area coated. A frequency of measurement for coated steel beams (girders) and coated test panels is also provided in the appendices to SSPC-PA 2. The governing specification is responsible for providing the user with the minimum and the maximum coating thickness for each layer, and for the total coating system.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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5.1 The severity of abrasive wear in any system will depend upon the abrasive particle size, shape, and hardness, the magnitude of the stress imposed by the particle, and the frequency of contact of the abrasive particle. In this practice these conditions are standardized to develop a uniform condition of wear which has been referred to as scratching abrasion (1 and 3). The value of the practice lies in predicting the relative ranking of various materials of construction in an abrasive environment. Since the practice does not attempt to duplicate all of the process conditions (abrasive size, shape, pressure, impact, or corrosive elements), it should not be used to predict the exact resistance of a given material in a specific environment. Its value lies in predicting the ranking of materials in a similar relative order of merit as would occur in an abrasive environment. Volume loss data obtained from test materials whose lives are unknown in a specific abrasive environment may, however, be compared with test data obtained from a material whose life is known in the same environment. The comparison will provide a general indication of the worth of the unknown materials if abrasion is the predominant factor causing deterioration of the materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for determining the resistance of metallic materials to scratching abrasion by means of the dry sand/rubber wheel test. It is the intent of this test method to produce data that will reproducibly rank materials in their resistance to scratching abrasion under a specified set of conditions.  
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1.3.2 Procedure B—A short-term variation of Procedure A. It may be used for highly abrasive resistant materials but is particularly useful in the ranking of medium- and low-abrasive-resistant materials. Procedure B should be used when the volume–loss values developed by Procedure A exceeds 100 mm3.  
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1.3.5 Procedure E—A short-term variation of Procedure B that is useful in the ranking of materials with medium- or low-abrasion resistance.  
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5.1 The Miller Number5 is an index of the relative abrasivity of slurries. Its primary purpose is to rank the abrasivity of slurries in terms of the wear of a standard reference material. The wear damage on the standard wear block is worse as the Miller Number gets higher.  
5.2 The SAR Number is an index of the relative abrasion response of materials as tested in any particular slurry of interest. The SAR Number is a generalized form of the Miller Number applicable to materials other than the reference material used for the Miller Number determination. A major purpose is to rank construction materials for use in a system for pumping and fluid handling equipment for a particular slurry. It can also be used to rank the abrasivity of various slurries against any selected construction material other than the reference material specified for a Miller Number determination. The slurry damage on the specimen of material being tested is worse as the SAR Number gets higher.  
5.3 Experience has shown that slurries with a Miller Number or a SAR Number of approximately 50 or lower can be pumped with minor abrasive damage to the system. Above a number of 50, precautions must be observed and greater damage from abrasion is to be expected. Accordingly, the Miller Number and the SAR Number provide information about the slurry or the material that may be useful in the selection of pumps and other equipment and to predict the life expectancy of liquid-end parts of the pumps involved.  
5.4 The SAR Number can be used to determine the most suitable materials for certain slurry systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a single laboratory procedure that can be used to develop data from which either the relative abrasivity of any slurry (Miller Number) or the response of different materials to the abrasivity of different slurries (SAR Number), can be determined.  
1.2 The test data obtained by this procedure is used to calculate either a number related to the rate of mass loss of duplicate standard-shaped 27 % chromium iron wear blocks when run for a period of time in the slurry of interest (Miller Number), or to calculate a number related to the rate of mass loss (converted to volume loss) of duplicate standard-shaped wear specimens of any material of interest when run for a period of time in any slurry of interest (SAR Number).  
1.3 The requirement for a finished flat wearing surface on the test specimen for a SAR Number test may preclude application of the procedure where thin (0.051 mm to 0.127 mm), hard, wear-resistant coatings will not allow for surface finishing. The 6 h total duration of the SAR Number Test may not allow establishment of a consistent rate-of-mass-loss of the unfinished surface.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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