ASTM E477-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurements of Acoustical and Airflow Performance of Duct Liner Materials and Prefabricated Silencers
Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurements of Acoustical and Airflow Performance of Duct Liner Materials and Prefabricated Silencers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Specimens tested using this standard, for example, duct silencers, are used to control sound propagation through ventilation ducts. The results gathered from testing specimens to this standard can be used to estimate the reduction in fan sound levels in ducted airflow systems caused by including a sound attenuating device in the system. The device can be a component in a source-path-receiver analysis where calculations are performed to determine the resultant sound level in an occupied space. Correct selection of a sound attenuating device can enable a designer to achieve in-space background noise criteria.
5.2 The insertion loss of a silencer varies with frequency and with the direction and speed of airflow. Because silencers partially obstruct the air path and provide resistance to airflow, two other effects must be quantified: pressure drop and airflow-generated noise. Both increase with increasing air speeds; thus data are required for several airflows to correctly characterize performance.
5.3 The aerodynamic results from testing specimens to the standard can be used as information for the system design engineer to determine the amount of static pressure drop resistance to be overcome by the system fan(s). Guidelines for appropriate maximum allowable pressure drop for a sound attenuating element have been established in the design community and are based on the procedures described herein.
5.4 As stated previously in 1.4 of this test method, the actual performance of a sound attenuating device as installed in an air duct system may be significantly different than reported based on the test procedure herein. This standard does not provide guidance to the user on these system effects.
5.5 Silencers are often designed to be used under conditions which do not duplicate the test set-ups of this standard. Mock-ups and specialized test set-ups to determine performance of sound attenuating devices in non-standard configurations may be based on this test...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory testing of some of the acoustical properties of sound attenuating devices including duct liner materials, integral ducts, and in-duct absorptive straight and elbow silencers used in the ventilation systems of buildings. Procedures are described for the measurement of acoustical insertion loss, airflow generated noise, and pressure drop as a function of airflow.
1.2 Excluded from the scope are reactive mufflers and those designed for uses other than in ventilation systems, such as automobile mufflers.
1.3 This test method includes a provision for a simulated semi-reflective plenum to fit around thin-walled duct and silencer test specimens, since the acoustical environments around such thin-walled specimens can affect the measured insertion loss.
1.4 This method tests the performance of the specimen in well-defined and controlled conditions. If the specimen is installed in the field in any different manner, the results may be different. This standard does not provide estimating procedures for determining the actual installed performance of the specimen under field conditions.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:E477 −13
StandardTest Method for
Laboratory Measurements of Acoustical and Airflow
Performance of Duct Liner Materials and Prefabricated
1
Silencers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E477; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory testing of some
C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental
of the acoustical properties of sound attenuating devices
Acoustics
including duct liner materials, integral ducts, and in-duct
3
2.2 ANSI Standards:
absorptive straight and elbow silencers used in the ventilation
S1.1–1994(R2004) Acoustical Terminology
systems of buildings. Procedures are described for the mea-
S1.11–2004(R2009) Specification Octave, Half-Octave and
surement of acoustical insertion loss, airflow generated noise,
Third-Octave Band Filter Sets
and pressure drop as a function of airflow.
S1.43-1997(R2007) Specifications for Integrating-
1.2 Excluded from the scope are reactive mufflers and those
Averaging Sound Level Meters
designed for uses other than in ventilation systems, such as S12.5-2006/ISO 6926:1999(R2011) Requirements for the
automobile mufflers. Performance and Calibration of Reference Sound Sources
Used for the Determination of Sound Power Levels
1.3 This test method includes a provision for a simulated
S12.51–2012/ISO 3741:2010 Acoustics-Determination of
semi-reflective plenum to fit around thin-walled duct and
Sound Power Levels of Noise Sources Using Sound
silencer test specimens, since the acoustical environments
Pressure-Precision Method for Reverberation Rooms
around such thin-walled specimens can affect the measured
4
2.3 ASHRAE Documents and Standards:
insertion loss.
2009 ASHRAE Handbook, Fundamentals,Chapter 36, Mea-
surement and Instruments
1.4 This method tests the performance of the specimen in
ANSI/ASHRAE 41.3-1989 Standard Method for Pressure
well-defined and controlled conditions. If the specimen is
Measurement (plus errata dated 5 January 1998)
installed in the field in any different manner, the results may be
5
2.4 NAIMA Documents and Standards:
different.This standard does not provide estimating procedures
Fibrous Glass Duct Liner Standard, Publication AH124,
for determining the actual installed performance of the speci-
Third Edition, 2002
men under field conditions.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 3. Terminology
standard. The values in parentheses are provided for informa-
3.1 Definitions—The acoustical terms used in this method
tion only.
are consistent with Terminology C634, and ANSI S1.1.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
1 4
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE33onBuilding Available from American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-
and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA
E33.08 on Mechanical and Electrical System Noise. 30329, http://www.ashrae.org.
5
Current edition approved June 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originally Available from North American Insulation Manufacturers Association
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E477 – 06a. DOI: (NAIMA), 44 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 310, Alexandria, VA 22314, http://
10.1520/E0477-13. www.naima.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E477−13
3.2.1 acoustical duct liner material—a material that has 3.2.18 test run—pertains to all measurements and calcula-
soundabsorptivepropertiesandisattachedtotheinsidewallof tions at any one setting of the airflow throttling device.
a duct to attenuate the sound that propagates down that section
3.2.19 thin-walledduct—a duct or silencer whose wall mass
of duct.
or
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E477 − 06a E477 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Laboratory Measurements of Acoustical and
Airflow Performance of Duct Liner Materials and
1
Prefabricated Silencers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E477; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory testing of some of the acoustical properties of sound attenuating devices including
duct liner materials, integral ducts, and in-duct absorptive straight and elbow silencers used in the ventilation systems of buildings.
Procedures are described for the measurement of acoustical insertion loss, airflow generated noise, and pressure drop as a function
of airflow.
1.2 Excluded from the scope are reactive mufflers and those designed for uses other than in ventilation systems, such as
automobile mufflers.
1.3 This test method includes a provision for a simulated semi-reflective plenum to fit around thin-walled duct and silencer test
specimens, since the acoustical environments around such thin-walled specimens can affect the measured insertion loss.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This method tests the performance of the specimen in well-defined and controlled conditions. If the specimen is installed
in the field in any different manner, the results may be different. This standard does not provide estimating procedures for
determining the actual installed performance of the specimen under field conditions.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C384 Test Method for Impedance and Absorption of Acoustical Materials by Impedance Tube Method
C423 Test Method for Sound Absorption and Sound Absorption Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method
C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics
E90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements
E795 Practices for Mounting Test Specimens During Sound Absorption Tests
3
2.2 ANSI Standards:
S1.1–1994(R2004) Acoustical Terminology
S1.11–2004S1.11–2004(R2009) Specification Octave, Half-Octave and Third-Octave Band Filter Sets
S1.43-1997(R2007) Specifications for Integrating-Averaging Sound Level Meters
S12.5-2006/ISO 6926:1999(R2011) Requirements for the Performance and Calibration of Reference Sound Sources Used for the
Determination of Sound Power Levels
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on Building and Environmental Acoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E33.08
on Mechanical and Electrical System Noise.
Current edition approved May 1, 2006June 1, 2013. Published May 2006August 2013. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as
E477 – 06.E477 – 06a. DOI: 10.1520/E0477-06A.10.1520/E0477-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E477 − 13
S12.51–2002/ISO 3741:1999S12.51–2012/ISO 3741:2010 Acoustics-Determination of Sound Power Levels of Noise Sources
Using Sound Pressure-Precision Method for Reverberation Rooms
4
2.3 AMCA Standards:
AMCA 300 –96, Reverberant Room Method for Sound Testing of Fans
4
2.3 ASHRAE Documents and Standards
...
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