ASTM F1955-99(2005)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Flammability of Sleeping Bags (Withdrawn 2014)
Standard Test Method for Flammability of Sleeping Bags (Withdrawn 2014)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is considered satisfactory for the acceptance of commercial shipments of sleeping bags since this test method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance.
Many fabrics due to physical makeup or the finishing processes are combustible to some degree. Some combustible fabrics when used for sleeping bags are potentially dangerous to the user because of ease of ignition and burn rate. One of these characteristics can be measured with this test method. It must be understood, however, that no guarantee can be given and none is implied that sleeping bags achieving this standard for flammability will not be hazardous under certain conditions.
Finishes and fabric surface changes can exert a large effect on flammability. Therefore, sleeping bags are tested before as well as after laundering or dry cleaning in accordance with the manufacturer’instructions.
This test method is applicable to all sleeping bags.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a means to measure the end use flammability, for example, burn rate of sleeping bags which use various materials and constructions in their manufacture, and provides labeling requirements to facilitate the identification of products conforming to this test method.
1.2 This test method defines the procedures described in the flammability standard CPAI-75 which has been the accepted standard in the sleeping bag industry in the U.S. for over 30 years.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire-risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.5This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers a means to measure the end use flammability, for example, burn rate of sleeping bags which use various materials and constructions in their manufacture, and provides labeling requirements to facilitate the identification of products conforming to this test method.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F08 on Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities, this test method was withdrawn in January 2014 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1955 − 99(Reapproved 2005) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Flammability of Sleeping Bags
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1955; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Industrial Fabrics Association International Standard:
Specification CPAI-75 ARate of Burn Standard for Sleeping
1.1 This test method covers a means to measure the end use
Bags
flammability,forexample,burnrateofsleepingbagswhichuse
various materials and constructions in their manufacture, and
3. Terminology
provides labeling requirements to facilitate the identification of
3.1 Definitions:
products conforming to this test method.
3.1.1 burn rate, n—the distance traveled by a flame on a
1.2 This test method defines the procedures described in the
burning material or product during a specified time under
flammability standard CPAI-75 which has been the accepted
specified conditions.
standard in the sleeping bag industry in the U.S. for over 30
3.1.2 sleeping bag, n—a structure made of down, synthetic
years.
fiberfill,shellfabrics,and/orothermaterialsthatisdesignedfor
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
thermal protection while sleeping (for example, outdoors, tent,
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
cabin).
only.
3.2 For definitions of other textile or flammability terminol-
1.4 This standard should be used to measure and describe
ogy used in this test method, see Terminology D123.
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
4. Summary of Test Method
should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or
4.1 Ten specimens are cut from individual sleeping bags or
fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire
a physically accurate facsimile. Five are laundered three times
conditions. However, results of this test may be used as
in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Each of the
elements of a fire-risk assessment which takes into account all
specimens are then placed in a special apparatus. A standard-
of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire
ized flame is applied to the folded edge for a specified time
hazard of a particular end use.
under controlled conditions and the burn rate is calculated to
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
determine if the specimens meet specification requirements.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
acceptance of commercial shipments of sleeping bags since
this test method has been used extensively in the trade for
2. Referenced Documents
acceptance.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 Many fabrics due to physical makeup or the finishing
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
processes are combustible to some degree. Some combustible
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
fabrics when used for sleeping bags are potentially dangerous
to the user because of ease of ignition and burn rate. One of
these characteristics can be measured with this test method. It
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports
must be understood, however, that no guarantee can be given
Equipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.22 on
and none is implied that sleeping bags achieving this standard
Camping Softgoods.
Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originally for flammability will not be hazardous under certain condi-
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as F1955 – 99. DOI:
tions.
10.1520/F1955-99R05.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Support for Specification CPA1–75 is to be discontinued by the Industrial
the ASTM website. Fabrics Association International and replaced with Test Method F1955.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1955 − 99 (2005)
5.3 Finishes and fabric surface changes can exert a large 8.4 Spacers and Clamps—A spacer and clamping arrange-
effect on flammability. Therefore, sleeping bags are tested ment shall be used which is capable of positioning the
beforeaswellasafterlaunderingordrycleaninginaccordance
hold-down plate with its bottom surface 25 mm (1 in.) above
with the manufacturer’s instructions. the top surface of the support frame, so that it will hold the test
specimen at a 25 mm (1 in.) thickness on the two sides and the
5.4 This test method is applicable to all sleeping bags.
back.
6. Sampling
8.5 Thread—#50 white mercerized cotton thread.
6.1 Lot Size—A lot shall be considered the size of the
8.6 Tape, for fastening the thread to the frame. (Alternate
contract between the buyer and the supplier unless otherwise
methodsofaccomplishingthis,suchassmallclips,mayalsobe
agreed upon between the supplier and the buyer.
used.)
6.2 All specimens should be selected randomly from the lot.
8.7 Weights, for attachment to the timing threads (see Note
6.3 Sample Unit—A sample unit shall consist of ten speci-
1).
mens.
NOTE 1—Small clamp-type paper clips work well as weights.
7. Conditions for Testing
8.8 Burner—ABunsen burner with a tube 10 mm ( ⁄8 in.) in
7.1 Tests to determine the burn rate shall be preformed
inside diameter shall be used. The gas adjusting valve is set to
under or upon immediate removal from standard atmospheric
provide a flame, with the tube vertical, 38 mm (1 ⁄2 in.) in
conditions and on specimens in moisture equilibrium under
height. The air inlet to the burner is closed.
standard atmospheric conditions as stated in Practice D1776 as
8.9 Gas—The gas used shall be methane gas of a technical
related to textile test specimens.
grade of 97 % pure or better.
7.2 All testing shall be performed in a draft-free environ-
ment.
8.10 Stopwatch—A stopwatch or other timing device shall
be used which is capable of measuring the burning time to
8. Apparatu
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