ASTM F2285-04(2010)
(Specification)Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Diaper Changing Tables for Commercial Use
Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Diaper Changing Tables for Commercial Use
SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes safety performance requirements, test methods, and labeling requirements to minimize the hazards to children presented by diaper changing tables as identified in the introduction.
1.2 This specification is intended to apply to diaper changing tables for commercial use. It is intended for use with children up to 50 lbs.
1.3 No diaper changing table produced after the approval date of this consumer safety performance specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements herein.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this consumer safety specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:F2285 −04(Reapproved 2010)
Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for
Diaper Changing Tables for Commercial Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2285; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This safety performance specification addresses diaper changing tables for use in commercial
environments.
The CPSC identified the following injuries to children associated with the use of diaper changing
tables in the residential environment: falls, stability, restraint systems, latches and folding
mechanisms, structural integrity, and deaths due to entrapment in openings. In response to the
incidents data developed by the CPSC, this safety performance specification attempts to minimize the
previously listed problems. This specification does not cover tables that are blatantly misused,
although warnings and safety instructions are required to be prominently displayed on or with each
table.
This consumer safety performance specification is not intended to address incidents and injuries
resulting from the interaction of other persons with children on tables or incidents resulting from
unforeseeable abuse or misuse.
This consumer safety performance specification is written within the current state of the art of
diaper changing table technology. It is intended that this specification will be updated whenever
substantive information becomes available which necessitates additional requirements or justifies the
revision of existing requirements.
1. Scope fication: This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes safety
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
performance requirements, test methods, and labeling require-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ments to minimize the hazards to children presented by diaper
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
changing tables as identified in the introduction.
1.2 This specification is intended to apply to diaper chang-
2. Referenced Documents
ing tables for commercial use. It is intended for use with
2.1 ASTM Standards:
children up to 50 lbs.
D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
1.3 No diaper changing table produced after the approval
2.2 Federal Standards:
date of this consumer safety performance specification shall,
16 CFR-1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain
either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this
Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint
specification unless it conforms to all requirements herein.
16 CFR-1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations in-
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
cluding sections:
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Point in Toys or Other Articles Intended for Use by
and are not considered standard.
Children Under Eight Years of Age
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
test method portion, Section 7, of this consumer safety speci-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.50 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Baby Changing Tables - Commerical. the ASTM website.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originally AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F2285 – 04. DOI: 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
10.1520/F2285-04R10. www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2285−04 (2010)
1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp 4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with an
MetalorGlassEdgeinToysorOtherArticlesIntendedfor ambient temperature of 73 6 9°F (23 6 5°C) for at least 1 h
Use by Children Under Eight Years of Age prior to testing. Testing shall then be conducted within this
1500.50-52 Tests Methods for Simulating Use andAbuse of temperature range.
Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children
4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be con-
16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Ar-
ducted on the same unit.
ticles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years of
Age Which Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion
5. General Requirements
Hazards Because of Small Parts
5.1 The unit shall conform to the federal regulations speci-
2.3 Other Documents:
fied in section 2.2 of this specification both before and after all
CAMI Infant Dummy, Mark II (see Fig. 1)
testing.
3. Terminology
5.2 Before and after testing, any exposed parts shall be
smooth and free of splinters.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 conspicuous, n—alabelwhichisvisible,whentheunit
5.3 Latching Mechanisms—Any unit that folds, and will not
is in a manufacturer’s recommended use position, to a person remain in the open position without force being applied to it,
standing near the unit at any one position around the unit, but
shall have a latching device or other provision in the design
not necessarily visible from all positions. that will prevent the unit from unintentional folding when
properly placed in the manufacturer’s recommended use posi-
3.1.2 manufacturer’s recommended use position, n—any
tion. Products with latching devices for prevention of uninten-
position, which is presented as a normal, allowable, or accept-
tional folding shall be tested in accordance with 7.1. During
ableconfigurationforuseoftheproductbythemanufacturerin
and upon completion of this test, the unit shall remain latched
any descriptive or instructional literature. This specifically
in its manufacturer’s recommended use position.
excludes positions that the manufacturer shows in a like
manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or not
5.4 Openings—Any shaped holes, slots, or cracks that exist
recommended.
in or around the table that is in its manufacturer’s recom-
mended use position and that are accessible to the toes or
3.1.3 static load, n—a vertically downward load applied by
fingers of the occupant, through or recessed, or both, into the
a dead weight or other means.
surface of any rigid material that admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm)
4. General Testing Requirements
diameter rod, also shall admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter
rod. Openings that have a minimum dimension between 0.210
4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that
in. and 0.375 in. shall be permissible, providing the depth is no
may be covered with ⁄8-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl floor covering,
greater than the minimum dimension of the opening.
unless test instructs differently.
5.5 Scissoring, Shearing, Pinching, Crushing—The table,
4.2 The unit shall be completely assembled, unless other-
when in the manufacturer’s recommended use position, and
wise noted, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
parts that are accessible to the toes or fingers of the occupant
4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufac-
in the table, shall be designed and constructed to prevent injury
turing.
from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or
components rotate about a common axis or fastening point,
slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative to one another.
Scissoring, shearing, or pinching exists when the edges of the
rigid parts admit a probe greater than 0.210-in. (5.33-mm)
diameter and less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter at any
accessible point throughout the range of motion of such parts.
5.6 Labeling—Decorative labels, warning labels, or warn-
ings applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot
stamping,heattransfer,printing,orwoodburning,etc.,shallbe
permanent when tested in accordance with 7.4.
5.7 The forces that are to be applied to the sample in the test
methods of this specification are applied readily by means of a
calibrated force gage, or in the case of static load and dynamic
load test methods, by calibrated weights.
6. Performance Requirements
6.1 Static Load:
6.1.1 A table shall support a static load of 100 lb. (45.5 kg)
when placed in the approximate center of the area intended to
FIG. 1CAMI Dummy, Mark II support the infant occupant.
F2285−04 (2010)
6.1.2 Test methods shall be performed in accordance with 7.3 Restraining System Integrity and Occupant Retention
7.2. At the conclusion of the test method, there shall be no Test Methods:
unacceptable conditions as identified within this specification 7.3.1 Restraining System Integrity Test Method:
(see Note 1). 7.3.1.1 Secure the test model so that it cannot move hori-
zontally.
NOTE 1—For the purpose of this specification, the unacceptable
7.3.1.2 Apply a force of 45 lbf (200 N) to a single
conditions that might be identified by the static load test methods shall be
attachment point of the restraint system in the normal use
tip over, collapse of the product or a component of the product, sharp
edges or points, and small parts. direction(s) that stress would be applied to that attachment.
Gradually apply the force within 5 s and maintain for an
6.2 Restraining System—All products covered by this speci-
additional 10 s.
fication must have a child restraint system. The manufacturer
7.3.1.3 Repeat 7.3.1.2 for a total of five times with a
shallattachtherestraintsysteminsuchamannerthatitwillnot
maximum interval of 5 s between tests.
become detached through normal usage. The restraint system
7.3.1.4 Repeat 7.3.1.2 and 7.3.1.3 for each attachment point
shall include a waist restraint.
of the restraint system and fastening device.
6.2.1 Restraining System—Test methods for all re
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