ASTM C497-04e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile
Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe, manhole sections, and tile. The test methods described are used in production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the properties provided for in the specifications.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:SectionExternal Load Crushing Strength4Flat Slab Top5Core Strength6Absorption7Hydrostatic8Permeability9Manhole Step10Cylinder Strength11
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding the test.
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
1.6 A complete metric companion to Test Methods C 497 has been developed—C 497M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in these methods.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C 497 – 04
Standard Test Methods for
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Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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e NOTE—Figures 12 and 13 were editorially corrected in April 2005.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
manhole sections, and tile.The test methods described are used C31 Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Speci-
in production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the mens in the Field
properties provided for in the specifications. C39 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order: Concrete Specimens
C42 Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores
Section
External Load Crushing Strength 4
and Sawed Beams of Concrete
Flat Slab Top 5
C 617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Speci-
Core Strength 6
mens
Absorption 7
Hydrostatic 8
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
Permeability 9
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
Manhole Step 10
Cylinder Strength 11 C 822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
Gasket Lubricant 12
Products
Joint Shear 13
C 1231 Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in Determina-
Alkalinity 14
Gasket Measurements 15 tion of Compressive Strength of Hardened Concrete Cyl-
inders
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a
D 2240 Test Method for Rubber Property-Durometer Hard-
temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding
ness
the test.
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons
such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen
3. Terminology
preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to con-
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the
crete pipe, see Terminology C 822.
specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
1.6 A complete metric companion to Test Methods C 497
4. External Load Crushing Strength Test by the Three-
hasbeendeveloped—C 497M;therefore,nometricequivalents
Edge Bearing Test Method
are presented in these methods.
4.1 Summary of Test Method—Thetestspecimenistestedin
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
a machine designed to apply a crushing force upon the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specimen in a plane through the vertical axis extending along
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the length of the specimen.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2 Significance and Use—The crushing test shall be either
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
a quality control test performed to establish that the finished,
shippable pipe has sufficient strength to withstand the crushing
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These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
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Concrete Pipe and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
of Test. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
CurrenteditionapprovedOctober1,2004.PublishedNovember2004.Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C 497 – 03a. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C497–04
loads stated in the specifications or a proof of design test of two parallel longitudinal strips and the load applied through
performed to prove the adequacy of design. an upper bearing (Figs. 1-4).At the option of the manufacturer,
4.3 Apparatus: either or both the lower bearing and the upper bearing shall
4.3.1 The testing machine shall be of any type of sufficient extend the full length or any portion of the length of the
capacity and shall be capable of providing the rate of loading specimen. Fig. 5
prescribed in 4.5.3. 4.3.4 The lower bearings shall consist of wood or hard
4.3.2 The testing machine shall be substantial and rigid rubber strips. Wooden strips shall be straight, have a cross
throughout, so that the distribution of the load will not be section of not less than 2 in. in width and not less than 1
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