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ASTM C921-89(1996)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation

Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation

SCOPE
1.1 This practice lists significant properties of thermal insulation jacketing materials and test methods for determining them.  
1.2 This practice applies to jacketing materials applied over thermal insulation for piping, ducts, and equipment operating at temperatures from -40 to 1200°F (-40 to 649°C), ambient temperatures from -60 to 130°F (-51 to 54°C), and surface temperatures from -60 to 200°F (-51 to 93°C).  
1.3 This practice includes jacketing materials used over thermal insulation whether the insulation be in the form of rigid pipe or board, semirigid or blanket, or field applied materials that are self-supporting, including cements.  
1.4 This practice does not include covers or other retaining walls that contain loose fill, other nonsupporting insulation materials, or conduits or containers for buried insulation systems.  
1.5 This practice does not include mastics and coatings and their reinforcements.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.7 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-May-2000
ICS
27.220 - Heat recovery. Thermal insulation
Technical Committee
C16 - Thermal Insulation
Drafting Committee
C16.33 - Insulation Finishes and Moisture
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM C921-02 - Standard Specification for Jackets for Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
10-Nov-2002
Referred By
ASTM C755-20 - Standard Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM C1423-21 - Standard Guide for Selecting Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM C547-22a - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Pipe Insulation
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM C592-22a - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Insulation and Blanket-Type Pipe Insulation (Metal-Mesh Covered) (Industrial Type)
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM C1126-19 - Standard Specification for Faced or Unfaced Rigid Cellular Phenolic Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM C612-14(2019) - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM C1393-19 - Standard Specification for Perpendicularly Oriented Mineral Fiber Roll and Sheet Thermal Insulation for Pipes and Tanks
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM C553-13(2019) - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Commercial and Industrial Applications
Effective Date
10-May-2000

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ASTM C921-89(1996) - Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal InsulationASTM C921-89(1996) - Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation
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ASTM C921-89(1996) - Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 921 – 89 (Reapproved 1996) An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for
Thermal Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 921; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulating Materi-
als
1.1 This practice lists significant properties of thermal
C 835 Test Method for Total Hemispherical Emittance of
insulation jacketing materials and test methods for determining
Surfaces from 20 to 1400°C
them.
D 777 Test Methods for Flammability of Treated Paper and
1.2 This practice applies to jacketing materials applied over
Paperboard
thermal insulation for piping, ducts, and equipment operating
D 781 Test Methods for Puncture and Stiffness of Paper-
at temperatures from − 40 to 1200°F (−40 to 649°C), ambient
board, and Corrugated and Solid Fiberboard
temperatures from − 60 to 130°F (−51 to 54°C), and surface
D 828 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Paper and
temperatures from − 60 to 200°F (−51 to 93°C).
Paperboard Using Constant-Rate-of-Elongation Appara-
1.3 This practice includes jacketing materials used over
tus
thermal insulation whether the insulation be in the form of rigid
E 84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
pipe or board, semirigid or blanket, or field applied materials
Building Materials
that are self-supporting, including cements.
E 96 Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Mate-
1.4 This practice does not include covers or other retaining
rials
walls that contain loose fill, other nonsupporting insulation
2.2 Military Standard:
materials, or conduits or containers for buried insulation
MIL-STD-810C Environmental Test Methods
systems.
1.5 This practice does not include mastics and coatings and
3. Terminology
their reinforcements.
3.1 Definitions—Terminology C 168 apply to the terms
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
used in this practice.
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided
for information only.
4. Classification
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Type I—Vapor Barrier—For use over insulation on
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
pipes, ducts, or equipment operating at temperatures below
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ambient at least part of the time or wherever a vapor barrier is
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
required.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 Type II—Water Vapor Permeable—For use over insula-
tion on pipes, ducts or equipment operating above ambient
2. Referenced Documents
temperatures or wherever a vapor barrier is not required.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting
5. Materials and Manufacture
Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
5.1 Jacketing materials may be composed of a single mate-
A 366/A366M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, Cold-
rial or a lamination of several components. The material may
Rolled, Commercial Quality
be in the form of rolls or sheets or preformed to fit the surface
B 209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
to which they are to be applied. The materials may be applied
Sheet and Plate
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.06.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-16 on Thermal
Discontinued. See 1980 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Part 20.
Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.40 on Insulation
Systems. Discontinued. See 1984 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.
Current edition approved May 3, 1989. Published June 1989. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.
published as C 921 – 79. Last previous edition C 921 – 79. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.
2 9
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C 921
TABLE 1 Typical Requirements
in the field or may be a factory-applied composite with the
insulation. Flame spread classification:
Flame spread, max 25 see 9.1.4
5.2 Metallic:
Smoke developed, max 50
5.2.1 Metallic jacketing materials are those whose primary
Leachability resistance of fire
material (usually the component of greatest thickness) is metal retardant additives
(applicable to paper
such as aluminum, steel, and stainless steel. The metal may be
containing products only):
smooth or corrugated, with aluminum also available in em-
% increase in char length, 20 see 9.1.5
max
bossed. The dimensions of corrugations (pitch and depth) may
Mold and mildew resistance:
be specified by the purchaser for interchangeability, constant
Mold growth sustenance none see 9.1.6
rigidity, and control of sizes. The inner surface of aluminum
Dimensional stability:
% length change, max 0.25 see 9.1.8
and steel jacketing materials is usually coated or covered with
Low-temperature resistance Remains flexible; see 9.1.9 and 9.1.11
a moisture resistant film to retard the possible corrosive effect
no delamination
of the insulation to which they are applied.
High temperature resistance Remains flexible; see 9.1.10 and 9.1.11
no delamination
5.2.2 Aluminum jacketing materials are manufactured from
Specification B 209, Type 3003, 3004, 3105, 5005, 5010, 5052,
or 11001 aluminum, temper ranges from H14 (half hard)
permeance, puncture resistance, tensile strength, outdoor dura-
through H19 (full hard). Where ambient conditions are severe,
bility, humidity resistance, and heavy mechanical protection
the outer surface of the aluminum is coated to prevent
and hemispherical emittance values may be agreed upon
corrosion. Thicknesses generally available are from 0.006 to
between the parties concerned. It may also be agreed between
0.040 in. (0.15 to 1.02 mm).
the parties concerned that fire resistance permanence may be
5.2.3 Steel jacketing materials are manufactured from
determined by reexamining surface burning characteristics
Specification A 366/A 366M, Type 1010, 1015, or 1020 steel.
under Test Method E 84 in the same manner as the flame
The outer surface is most often protected by aluminizing,
spread classification is determined.
galvanizing, or coating with plastic film or enamel to retard
exterior corrosion, or a combination thereof. Thicknesses
7. Standard Sizes
generally available are from 0.010 to 0.018 in. (0.25 to 0.46
7.1 Jacketing materials are available in rolls or sheets for
mm).
field or factory application. Standard sizes vary with the type of
5.2.4 Stainless steel jacketing materials are manufactured
material and the shape of the insulated form.
from Specification A 167, Type 301, 302, 303, 304, or 316
7.2 Nonmetallic materials are available in rolls with widths
stainless steel, hardness B85 (s
...

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Standard Specification for Prefabricated Reflective Insulation Systems for Equipment and Pipe Operating at Temperatures above Ambient Air

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for all metal prefabricated, reflective insulation systems for equipment and piping operating at temperatures above ambient in air proposed for use in nuclear power-generating plants and industrial plants. The insulation unit is a rigid, self-contained, prefabricated metal construction made of an inner and outer casing arranged to form a rigid assembly with separated air spaces between the inner and outer casing and the individual reflective liners. The reflective insulation described herein is limited to systems of insulating units, designed to fit the equipment or piping to be insulated. The units shall be manufactured from metals that are in accordance with the thermal, physical, and chemical requirements not only of the insulation as unit, but also as an assembly of units forming the insulation system.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for all metal prefabricated, reflective insulation systems for equipment and piping operating in air at temperatures above ambient. Typical applications are in nuclear power-generating plants and industrial plants.  
1.2 Reflective insulation is thermal insulation that reduces radiant heat transfer across spaces by the use of surfaces of high reflectance and low emittance.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C302-13(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density and Dimensions of Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Density measurements of preformed pipe insulation are useful in determining compliance of a product with specification limits and in providing a relative gage of product weights. For any one kind of insulation some important physical and mechanical properties, such as thermal conductivity, heat capacity, strength, etc., bear a specific relationship with its density; however, on a density basis, these properties are not directly comparable with those for other kinds of material.  
5.2 The physical dimensions of preformed pipe insulation are important quantities not only for determining the density of the pipe insulation but also for determining the conformance to specifications. The use of multilayer insulations is common, and the dimensions are necessary to ensure proper nesting of the layers.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dimensions and density, after conditioning, of preformed pipe insulation.  
1.1.1 Procedure A is applicable to sections of one-piece pipe covering or to sections of segmental pipe covering that can be joined together concentrically and measured as one-piece.  
1.1.2 Procedure B is applicable to segmental pipe covering where each section of material is measured.  
1.1.3 Procedure C is applicable to sections of one-piece pipe covering, such as soft foam or mineral wool materials, where it is possible to penetrate the material.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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