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ASTM D7338-14(2023)

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Assessment Of Fungal Growth in Buildings

Standard Guide for Assessment Of Fungal Growth in Buildings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide presents options for a systematic assessment of fungal growth in buildings.  
5.2 This guide allows for site-specific flexibility and professional judgment in the choice of assessment procedures. It may not be necessary to perform in its entirety the basic assessment presented below to resolve a particular problem, for example, where fungal growth is localized and the source and extent of moisture is readily observable.  
5.3 Conversely, no matter how comprehensive the survey, all fungal growth may not be identified or located in a fungal assessment.  
5.4 Material removal or destructive investigation may be needed to access suspect surfaces.  
5.5 Using the procedures described in this guide, the investigator may have obtained the data necessary to suggest specific recommendations, for example, how to remediate the observed fungal growth, or how to prevent further fungal growth, but those recommendations are beyond the scope of this guide.  
5.6 Precautions may be needed to protect the assessor and building occupants where access may disturb fungal growth.  
5.7 It is the user’s responsibility to protect information that may be considered confidential, or private, or both, in accordance with project contract, corporate protocol, or local, state, and federal regulations, or a combination thereof.  
5.8 It may be necessary to enlist other disciplines or trade expertise to assist in some steps of the assessment, but recommendations of when to enlist and whom to enlist are beyond the scope of this guide.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a compendium of information and a menu of options for assessment of fungal growth in buildings, but does not recommend a specific course of action. Due to the wide variety of fungal problems affecting buildings and their occupants, and the wide variety of buildings, it is not possible to describe a set of uniform steps that will always be performed during an assessment (that is, a standard practice); therefore the user of this guide must decide which steps are appropriate for a given situation or building.  
1.2 This guide is specific to fungal growth, which is only one potential problem in a building environment. It may be part of, but is not intended to take the place of, a comprehensive indoor air quality investigation.  
1.3 This guide describes minimum steps and procedures for collecting background information on a building in question, procedures for evaluating the potential for moisture infiltration or collection, procedures for inspection for suspect fungal growth, and procedures beyond the scope of a basic survey that may be useful for specific problems.  
1.4 Assessments for fungal growth may be useful wherever fungal growth is suspected, excess moisture has been present or when there are concerns regarding potential fungal growth.  
1.5 Periodic fungal assessment in buildings may be a component of preventative maintenance programs.  
1.6 This guide is applicable to buildings including residential (for example, single or multi-family), institutional (for example, schools, hospitals), government, public assembly, commercial (for example, office, retail), and industrial facilities.  
1.7 Recommendations for developing a sampling strategy or methods for the collection and analysis of fungal samples are beyond the scope of this guide. For recommendations for developing a sampling strategy, see Ref (1)2, Chapter 10.  
1.8 Recommendations for remediation of fungal growth are beyond the scope of this guide.  
1.9 This guide is not intended to supersede any government regulations governing the assessment of fungal growth in buildings.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use...

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Dec-2022
ICS
91.040.01 - Buildings in general
Technical Committee
D22 - Air Quality
Drafting Committee
D22.08 - Assessment, Sampling, and Analysis of Microorganisms
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM C755-20 - Standard Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-Mar-2020
Refers
ASTM D4442-20 - Standard Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
Effective Date
01-Mar-2020

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ASTM D7338-14(2023) - Standard Guide for Assessment Of Fungal Growth in BuildingsASTM D7338-14(2023) - Standard Guide for Assessment Of Fungal Growth in Buildings
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ASTM D7338-14(2023) - Standard Guide for Assessment Of Fungal Growth in Buildings
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7338 − 14 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Guide for
1
Assessment Of Fungal Growth in Buildings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7338; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.8 Recommendations for remediation of fungal growth are
beyond the scope of this guide.
1.1 This guide provides a compendium of information and a
menu of options for assessment of fungal growth in buildings, 1.9 This guide is not intended to supersede any government
but does not recommend a specific course of action. Due to the regulations governing the assessment of fungal growth in
wide variety of fungal problems affecting buildings and their buildings.
occupants, and the wide variety of buildings, it is not possible
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the
to describe a set of uniform steps that will always be performed
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
during an assessment (that is, a standard practice); therefore the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
user of this guide must decide which steps are appropriate for
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
a given situation or building.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.11 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.2 This guide is specific to fungal growth, which is only
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
one potential problem in a building environment. It may be part
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
of, but is not intended to take the place of, a comprehensive
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
indoor air quality investigation.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.3 This guide describes minimum steps and procedures for
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
collecting background information on a building in question,
procedures for evaluating the potential for moisture infiltration
2. Referenced Documents
or collection, procedures for inspection for suspect fungal
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
growth, and procedures beyond the scope of a basic survey that
C755 Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders for
may be useful for specific problems.
Thermal Insulation
1.4 Assessments for fungal growth may be useful wherever
C1699 Test Method for Moisture Retention Curves of Po-
fungal growth is suspected, excess moisture has been present
rous Building Materials Using Pressure Plates
or when there are concerns regarding potential fungal growth.
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
1.5 Periodic fungal assessment in buildings may be a
Fluids
component of preventative maintenance programs.
D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
1.6 This guide is applicable to buildings including residen-
E331 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior
tial (for example, single or multi-family), institutional (for
Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uni-
example, schools, hospitals), government, public assembly,
form Static Air Pressure Difference
commercial (for example, office, retail), and industrial facili-
E547 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior
ties.
Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Cyclic
1.7 Recommendations for developing a sampling strategy or
Static Air Pressure Difference
methods for the collection and analysis of fungal samples are
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
beyond the scope of this guide. For recommendations for
E1105 Test Method for Field Determination of Water Pen-
2
developing a sampling strategy, see Ref (1) , Chapter 10.
etration of Installed Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors,
and Curtain Walls, by Uniform or Cyclic Static Air
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality
Pressure Difference
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.08 on Assessment, Sampling,
and Analysis of Microorganisms.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2023. Published February 2023. Originally
3
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D7338 – 14. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI:10.1520/D7338-14R23. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of Standards
...

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SCOPE
1.1 There are three general principles of sustainability: environmental, economic, and social. This guide covers application of the fundamental concepts and associated characteristics for each of the general principles of sustainability to the built environment.  
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4.1 Use—This guide is intended for use on a voluntary basis by parties who wish to obtain a limited survey of commercial real estate to assess for readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture as part of a commercial real estate transaction or commercial property management. This guide is intended to constitute a limited inquiry using representative observations for the purposes of conducting due diligence regarding the actual and potential presence of readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture in connection with the subject property. Inquiries that are more and less comprehensive than this guide (including, in some instances, no inquiry) may be appropriate in some circumstances in the opinion of the user (for example, when the presence of moisture affected materials is known to the user). Furthermore, no implication is intended that a person must use this guide in order to be deemed to have conducted appropriate inquiry in a commercially prudent or reasonable manner in a particular transaction. Nevertheless, this guide is intended to reflect a commercially prudent and reasonable inquiry. However, a LMA is not intended to serve as a comprehensive survey for the presence of readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture in all or most of the building systems throughout a commercial building.  
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1.1 Purpose—The purpose of this guide2 is to define good commercial practice for conducting a limited survey for readily observable moisture affected materials and conditions conducive to elevated moisture in a commercial building related to commercial real estate transaction or commercial real estate management by conducting: a walk-through survey, document reviews, and interviews as outlined within this guide. This guide is intended to provide a practical means for the limited identification of moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture caused by water infiltration through the building envelope or substructure or generated within the subject building as a result of processes or mechanical systems, excluding de minimis conditions. This guide is to allow a user to assess general moisture concerns, as well as the potential need for further assessment or other actions that may be appropriate that are beyond the scope of this guide. For purposes of this guide, the initialism “LMA” or “Limited Moisture Assessment” is used interchangeably with this guide’s full title.  
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This specification covers agencies engaged in system analysis and compliance assurance for manufactured building. The administrative agency may utilize the services and facilities of building-evaluation agencies in carrying out its responsibilities for evaluating manufactured building systems. By providing criteria for evaluating these agencies, this standard's objective is to (1) utilize the voluntary standards system to provide a common base for the various regulatory approaches employed by the authorities having jurisdiction, and (2) make provision for varying degrees of optional technical support for the certification of manufactured building. The system analysis agency is responsible for determining whether a building system, including the design, materials, and fabrication process, is in conformance with applicable requirements. The documents of the system analysis function are: product description document, compliance assurance manual, and installation documents. The general procedures for system analysis are presented in details. The tasks of system analysis project manager, technical staff evaluating building systems, technical staff evaluating compliance assurance manuals, and project manager evaluating building systems are presented in details. The requirements and criteria for compliance assurance agencies are presented. The task of compliance assurance agency project manager, technical staff preparing compliance assurance manuals, compliance assurance supervisor of inspection, and compliance assurance inspector are presented in details.
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1.1 This specification provides the criteria for the administrative agency that has regulatory authority as granted by the authority having jurisdiction AHJ to evaluate the capabilities and qualifications of building evaluation agencies, that performs system analysis or compliance assurance or both for certification of manufactured building on behalf of an authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) that meet the needs of regulatory programs. Administrative agencies and building evaluation agencies (third-party agencies) are the primary users of the standard.  
1.2 To establish an appropriate degree of intra- and inter-state credibility regarding building system evaluations made through governmental or private agencies, the authorities having jurisdiction should utilize an oversight and approval process for the building-evaluation agencies that provide the services of system analysis or compliance assurance on behalf of the AHJ that may include: approval by the AHJ for both oversight and or auditing of the regulatory body, or approval by the AHJ and oversight, and or auditing by an independent auditor for the regulatory body, or approval with the AHJ and oversight, and auditing by an independent accreditation agency.  
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5.2 This test method is used to predict, and subsequently confirm, the lethal toxic potency of smoke produced upon the exposure of a material or product to specific fire test conditions. Confirmation determines whether certain major gaseous toxicants account for the observed toxic effects and lethal toxic potency. If a predicted lethal toxic potency value is not confirmed adequately, indicating a potential for unusual or unexplained toxicity, the lethal toxic potency will need to be investigated using other methodology, such as conducting an experimental determination of the LC50 using the apparatus described. (See X1.3.1 and X1.3.2.)  
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5.1 This guide provides recommendations for the enclosure commissioning process from its project planning through design, construction and occupancy and operation phases. This guide is intended for various building types. Although Practice E2813 defines two levels of enclosure commissioning, fundamental and enhanced, complex buildings and Owners seeking a higher level of assurance may require more intensified enclosure commissioning than the minimum requirements described in this guide and Practice E2813.13  
5.2 The process uses performance-oriented practices and procedures to verify that the project is achieving the expectations described in the OPR and defined by the contract documents throughout the delivery of the project.  
5.3 The BECx process is recommended to begin during the pre-design phase and continues through the occupancy and operations phase. The process includes specific tasks during each project phase.  
5.4 The commissioning process is outlined in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202. It is recommended that the reader understand the process provided in that document. This standard guide and Practice E2813 provide a specific process related to the building enclosure commissioning.  
5.5 Note that the enclosure commissioning process should not infringe upon the authority or responsibility of the Owner, the project’s designers or contractors. The CxG and BECxG can identify areas of concern relative to the OPR, which are discussed with the Owner and other stakeholders; however it is the Owner who directs the project, Cx team, and BECx team. It is recommended that the BECxP be engaged in pre-design phase to define the scope of BECx so that the Owner’s agreements with the project team (including the contractor) clearly define the scope of contracted tasks that interface with BECx process.  
5.6 BECx does not replace a traditional design/construction process but is meant to enhance and be an integral part of that process by validating the design and verifyi...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—This guide provides procedures, methods and documentation techniques that may be used in the application of the building enclosure commissioning (BECx) process. This guide is complementary to Practice E2813 and is aligned with ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and ASHRAE Guideline 0.  
1.2 Extent—The process outlined in this standard guide applies to each building delivery phase from pre-design through occupancy and operation. The specific application of this guide may vary to suit the Owner, the project delivery method and the building project as described in the Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR), and as defined by the contract documents.  
1.3 Primary Focus—The primary focus of this process includes, but may not be limited to, new construction of building enclosures, existing building enclosures undergoing substantial renovation or alteration, and continuous commissioning of enclosure systems.  
1.4 Contractual and Regulatory Obligations—The methods described in this guide are not intended to supersede or otherwise replace the contractual obligations reserved specifically for the parties responsible for the design and construction of a building or structure, nor to alter the roles, responsibilities and duties that may otherwise be assigned to those parties by applicable regulatory or statutory law.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) C...

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ASTM
ASTM E1699-14(2020)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Performing Value Engineering (VE)/Value Analysis (VA) of Projects, Products and Processes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Use of this practice may increase performance in one or more areas including: cost control; resource allocation; schedule management; quality control; risk management; or safety. Perform VE/VA as early as possible in the life cycle of the focus of study, and anytime conditions change, to allow greatest flexibility and effectiveness of any recommended changes. However, VE/VA may be performed at any time during the planning, design, and implementation phases of a project, product, or process.  
5.2 Most effective applications of VE/VA are early in the design phase. Changes or redirection in the design can be accommodated without extensive redesign at this point, thereby saving the owner/user/stakeholder's time and money.  
5.3 Projects Related to the Construction of Buildings and Other Engineered Systems:  
5.3.1 During the earliest stages of design, refer to VE/VA as value planning. Use the procedure to analyze predesign documents, for example, program documents and space planning documents. At the predesign stage, perform VE/VA to define the project's functions, and to achieve consensus on the project's direction and approach by the project team, for example, the owner, the design professional,5 the user, and the construction manager. By participating in this early VE/VA exercise, members of the project team communicate their needs to the other team members and identify those needs in the common language of functions. By expressing the project in these terms early in the design process, the project team minimizes miscommunication and redesign, which are costly in both labor expenditures and schedule delays.  
5.3.2 Also perform VE/VA during schematic design (up to 15 % design completion), design development (up to 45 % design completion), and construction documents (up to 100 % design completion). Conduct VE/VA studies at several stages of design completion to define or confirm project functions, to verify technical and management approaches, to analyze sel...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for defining and satisfying the functions of a project, product, or process (hereafter referred to as focus of study). Projects include construction of commercial and residential buildings and other engineered systems.2 Products include components, systems and equipment.3 Processes include procurement, materials management, work flow, fabrication and assembly, quality control, and services.  
1.2 A multidisciplinary team uses the procedure to convert stakeholder constraints, needs, and desires into descriptions of functions and then relates these functions to resources.  
1.3 Examples of costs are all relevant costs over a designated study period, including the costs of obtaining funds, designing, purchasing/leasing, constructing/manufacturing/installing, operating, maintaining, repairing, replacing and disposing of the particular focus of study. While not the only criteria, cost is an important basis for comparison in a VE/VA study. Therefore, accurate and comprehensive cost data is an important element of the analysis.  
1.4 This is a procedure to develop alternatives that meet the functions of the focus of study. Estimate the costs for each alternative. Provide the owner/user/stakeholder with specific, technically accurate alternatives which can be implemented. The owner/user/stakeholder selects the alternative(s) that best satisfies their constraints, needs and desires.  
1.5 Apply this practice to an entire focus of study, or to any subsystem/element thereof. The user/owner/stakeholder can utilize the VE/VA procedure to select the element or scope of the study.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This int...

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