ASTM F2704-10
(Specification)Standard Specification for Air-Fed Protective Ensembles
Standard Specification for Air-Fed Protective Ensembles
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
As with other hazardous materials protective ensembles, air-fed protective ensembles include clothing and equipment items needed for dermal and respiratory protection, including protective suits, gloves, footwear, and eye/face protection. Unlike other protective ensembles, air-fed protective ensembles do not use separate respiratory protective devices such as self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or non-powered air-purifying respirators (APR's).
Those types of respirators normally have a tight fitting face piece that provides inhalation hazard protection and dermal exposure protection to the face, eyes, nose, and mouth.
Air-fed protective ensembles are worn without the use of a separate respirator. The entire suit serves as the respiratory protective device and also provides dermal exposure protection. The wearer breathes supplied air or filtered air pumped into the protective suit.
Air-fed protective ensembles are used to protect workers in a number of applications.
These include, but are not limited to: chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing, remediation of hazardous materials sites, use against highly infectious biological agents in BioSafety Level 4 laboratories, and for protection of workers involved in nuclear facilities, where it is possible radioactive particles will be encountered.
The requirements of this specification have been partly based on the NFPA 1991 Standard, which establishes criteria for vapor-protective ensembles used in hazardous materials emergencies. NFPA 1991 establishes requirements for a protective ensemble that encapsulates the wearer and the breathing apparatus.
In this specification, a breathing apparatus is not worn inside the suit, but instead breathing air is connected to the suit either via an external airline or respiratory protective equipment that is externally connected to the suit wall. Extensive criteria for the integrity of the overall ensemble are applied through design and performance criteria. This allo...
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes design, performance, classification, documentation, labeling, and certification requirements for protective ensembles that deliver air to the wearer by means of an air line or powered air purifying respirator (PAPR).
1.2 As a prerequisite to this specification, regulations within Title 42 Federal Code of Regulations, Part 84 are used to establish the conformance of the air-fed protective ensemble to respiratory protection requirements.
1.3 This specification addresses protective ensembles used for environments involving chemical, biological, and radiological particulate hazards.
1.4 This specification sets specific criteria for air-fed protective ensembles used to prevent exposure substances such as but not limited to chemical hazards, infectious microorganisms requiring Biosafety Level 4 protection, and environments where it is possible radiological particulates will be found.
1.5 This specification can be used for classification of the protective ensemble.
1.6 The values stated in SI units or in other units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:F2704 −10
Standard Specification for
Air-Fed Protective Ensembles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1630 Test Method for Rubber Property—Abrasion Resis-
tance (Footwear Abrader)
1.1 This specification establishes design, performance,
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
classification, documentation, labeling, and certification re-
D2582 Test Method for Puncture-Propagation Tear Resis-
quirements for protective ensembles that deliver air to the
tance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting
wearer by means of an air line or powered air purifying
D3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textiles—
respirator (PAPR).
Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Test
1.2 As a prerequisite to this specification, regulations within
D3884 Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics
Title 42 Federal Code of Regulations, Part 84 are used to
(Rotary Platform, Double-Head Method)
establish the conformance of the air-fed protective ensemble to
D4157 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
respiratory protection requirements.
Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)
D5034 TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
1.3 This specification addresses protective ensembles used
for environments involving chemical, biological, and radio- Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
D5151 Test Method for Detection of Holes in Medical
logical particulate hazards.
Gloves
1.4 This specification sets specific criteria for air-fed pro-
D5587 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by
tective ensembles used to prevent exposure substances such as
Trapezoid Procedure
but not limited to chemical hazards, infectious microorganisms
F392 Test Method for Flex Durability of Flexible Barrier
requiring Biosafety Level 4 protection, and environments
Materials
where it is possible radiological particulates will be found.
F489 Test Method for Using a James Machine (Withdrawn
1.5 This specification can be used for classification of the
2005)
protective ensemble.
F739 Test Method for Permeation of Liquids and Gases
throughProtectiveClothingMaterialsunderConditionsof
1.6 The values stated in SI units or in other units shall be
Continuous Contact
regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
F903 Test Method for Resistance of Materials Used in
system must be used independently of the other, without
Protective Clothing to Penetration by Liquids
combining values in any way.
F1052 Test Method for Pressure Testing Vapor Protective
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Suits
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
F1154 Practices for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Fit, Function, and Durability of Protective Ensembles and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Ensemble Components
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
F1342 Test Method for Protective Clothing Material Resis-
tance to Puncture
2. Referenced Documents
F1359 Test Method for Liquid Penetration Resistance of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Protective Clothing or Protective Ensembles Under a
D751 Test Methods for Coated Fabrics
Shower Spray While on a Mannequin
F1494 Terminology Relating to Protective Clothing
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on F1671 Test Method for Resistance of Materials Used in
Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of
Protective Clothing to Penetration by Blood-Borne Patho-
Subcommittee F23.30 on Chemicals.
gens Using Phi-X174 Bacteriophage Penetration as a Test
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2010. Published September 2010.
System
DOI:10.1520/F2704-10.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2704−10
F1790 Test Method for Measuring Cut Resistance of Mate- 3.1.4 authority having jurisdiction, n—an organization,
rials Used in Protective Clothing with CPP Test Equip- office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements
ment of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials,
F2010 Test Method for Evaluation of Glove Effects on an installation, or a procedure.
Wearer Hand Dexterity Using a Modified Pegboard Test
3.1.5 barrier material, n—The layer of a protective clothing
F2061 Practice for Chemical Protective Clothing: Wearing,
item that is designated as providing permeation or penetration
Care, and Maintenance Instructions
resistance against chemicals or other hazardous substances.
F2413 Specification for Performance Requirements for Pro-
3.1.5.1 Discussion—In this specification, the barrier mate-
tective (Safety) Toe Cap Footwear
rial refers to the layer of the protective ensemble element that
2.2 Federal Standards:
is designed to act as a barrier to a hazardous substance that the
21 CFR Part 7, Subpart C Recall Procedures
ensemble is intended to protect against.
42 CFR Part 84 Approval of Respiratory Protective Devices
3.1.6 blood-borne pathogen, n—an infectious bacterium or
2.3 ISO Standards:
virus, or other disease inducing microbe carried in the blood or
ISO Guide 27:1983 Guidelines for corrective action to be
other potentially infectious body fluids (also liquid-borne
taken by a certification body in the event of misuse of its
pathogen).
mark of conformity
3.1.7 labeled, n—equipment or materials to which has been
ISO Guide 62:1996 General requirements for bodies operat-
attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of an
ing assessment and certification/registration of quality
organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdic-
systems
tion and concerned with product evaluation, that maintains
ISO Guide 65:1996 General requirements for bodies operat-
periodic inspection of production of labeled equipment or
ing product certification systems
materials, and by whose labeling the manufacturer indicates
ISO 9001:2000 Quality management systems — require-
compliance with appropriate standards or performance in a
ments.
specified manner.
ISO17011:2004 Generalrequirementsforaccreditationbod-
ies accrediting conformity assessment bodies 3.1.8 listed, n—equipment, materials, or services included
ISO 17025:2005 General requirements for the competence in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the
of testing and calibration laboratories. authority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of
ISO 17491:2001 Protective Clothing – Protection Against products or services, that maintains periodic inspection of
Gaseous and Liquid Chemicals – Determination of Resis- production of listed equipment or materials or periodic evalu-
tance of Protective Clothing by Liquids and Gases ation of services, and whose listing states that either the
equipment, material, or service meets appropriate designated
2.4 NFPA Standard:
NFPA 1991:2005 Standard on Vapor-Protective Ensembles standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified
purpose.
for Hazardous Materials Emergencies
3.1.9 manufacturer, n—the entity that directs and controls
3. Terminology
any of the following: compliant product design, compliant
3.1 Definitions:
product manufacturing, or compliant product quality assur-
3.1.1 airborne pathogen, n—an infectious bacterium or
ance; or the entity that assumes the liability for the compliant
virus, or other disease inducing microbe that is suspended in
product or provides the warranty for the compliant product.
air.
3.1.10 protective ensemble, n—the combination of protec-
3.1.2 air-fed protective ensemble, n—a protective ensemble
tive clothing with respiratory protective equipment, hoods,
with respiratory protective equipment that provides a source of
helmets, gloves, boots, communication systems, cooling
air directly into the ensemble without the use of a tight-fitting
devices, and other accessories intended to protect the wearer
facepiece worn by the individual inside the ensemble.
from a potential hazard when worn together.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The respiratory protective equipmentis
3.2 For definitions of other protective clothing-related terms
either an airline that is connected to the suit wall of the
used in this test method, refer to Terminology F1494.
ensemble that can include a distribution means inside the
ensemble or a powered air-purifying respirator that is con-
4. Significance and Use
nected to the suit wall and that can also have a means for
4.1 Aswithotherhazardousmaterialsprotectiveensembles,
distributing air inside the ensemble.
air-fed protective ensembles include clothing and equipment
3.1.3 approved, v—acceptable to the authority having juris-
items needed for dermal and respiratory protection, including
diction.
protective suits, gloves, footwear, and eye/face protection.
Unlike other protective ensembles, air-fed protective en-
4 sembles do not use separate respiratory protective devices such
AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
as self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or non-powered
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.access.gpo.gov.
air-purifying respirators (APR’s).
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4.1.1 Those types of respirators normally have a tight fitting
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
face piece that provides inhalation hazard protection and
Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org. dermal exposure protection to the face, eyes, nose, and mouth.
F2704−10
4.1.2 Air-fed protective ensembles are worn without the use This certification section is based on provisions established in
of a separate respirator.The entire suit serves as the respiratory NFPA 1991 and other National Fire Protection Association
protective device and also provides dermal exposure protec- product standards for emergency services protective clothing
tion. The wearer breathes supplied air or filtered air pumped and equipment.
into the protective suit.
5. Classification
4.2 Air-fedprotectiveensemblesareusedtoprotectworkers
5.1 Protective ensembles shall be classified as either an
in a number of applications.
“Airline Protective Ensemble” or a “PAPR-Based Air-Fed
4.2.1 These include, but are not limited to: chemical and
Protective Ensemble” depending on the type of respiratory
pharmaceutical manufacturing, remediation of hazardous ma-
protective equipment that is provided with the ensemble.
terials sites, use against highly infectious biological agents in
BioSafety Level 4 laboratories, and for protection of workers
5.2 Protective ensembles shall additionally be classified as
involved in nuclear facilities, where it is possible radioactive
limited use or multiple-use.
particles will be encountered.
5.2.1 Limited use protective clothing items shall be subject
to the labeling requirement in 12.6.1. Multiple-use garments
4.3 The requirements of this specification have been partly
shall be subject to additional conditions as part of testing as
based on the NFPA 1991 Standard, which establishes criteria
specified in Sections 10 and 11, labeling requirements as
for vapor-protective ensembles used in hazardous materials
specified in 12.6.2, and technical information requirements as
emergencies. NFPA 1991 establishes requirements for a pro-
specific in 14.1.6 and 14.1.7. In order to qualify as a multiple-
tectiveensemblethatencapsulatesthewearerandthebreathing
use ensemble, all elements of the ensemble shall meet every
apparatus.
applicable multiple-use requirement.
4.3.1 In this specification, a breathing apparatus is not worn
inside the suit, but instead breathing air is connected to the suit
5.3 All protective ensembles classified to this specification
either via an external airline or respiratory protective equip-
shall meet the applicable design requirements specified in
ment that is externally connected to the suit wall. Extensive
Section 6, performance requirements specified in Section 7,
criteria for the integrity of the overall ensemble are applied
documentation requirements as specified in Section 8, appli-
through design and performance criteria. This allows for
cable labeling requirements specified in Section 12, user
different configurations of a protective ensemble that incorpo-
informationrequirementsspecifiedinSection13,andtechnical
rates a hooded visor, protective gloves, protective footwear,
information requirements in Section 14.
and the respiratory protective equipment.
6. Design Requirements
4.4 Thequalificationoftherespiratoryprotectiveequipment
6.1 Protective Ensembles and Suits
is addressed by the applicable requirements for respirators
6.1.1 Ensemble Coverage
established in 42 CFR Part 84. As such, the entire air-fed
6.1.1.1 Air-fed protective ensembles shall be designed and
ensemble is subject to certification by NIOSH in addition to
configured to protect the wearer’s torso, head, arms, legs,
meeting the requirements in this specification.
hands, and feet, and shall completely enclose the wearer.
4.5 This specification establishes classifications for the pro-
6.1.2 Ensemble Components
tective ensemble. The classifications include one that is deter-
6.1.2.1 Air-fed protective ensembles shall consist of a suit
mined by the configuration of the protective ensemble and one
with hood, gloves, footwear, and respiratory protective equip-
that concerns the use of the protective ensemble.
ment.
4.5.1 A protective ensemble can be classified as a “Airline
6.1.2.2 The suit hood shall be provided with a visor that is
Protective Ensemble” or a “PAPR-Based Air-Fed Protective
designed to allow the wearer to see outside the air-fed
Ensemble”. Under each of these classifications, protective
protective ensemble.
ensembles can be further classified as “Limited Use” and
6.1.2.3 The visor shall be constructed of a transparent
“Multiple-Use”.
material that qualifies as a barrier layer.
4.5.2 These classifications account for differences in the
6.1.2.4 Air-fed protective ensembles shall be permitted to
configuration of
...
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