ASTM C497-98

Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe, manhole sections, and tile. The test methods described are used in production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the properties provided for in the specifications.  
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:  Section External Load Crushing Strength 4 Flat Slab Top 5 Core Strength 6 Absorption 7 Hydrostatic 8 Permeability 9 Manhole Step 10 Cylinder Strength 11
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding the test and shall be free of all visible moisture.  
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen preparation, it may be discarded and another specimen taken.  
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.  
1.6 A complete metric companion to Test Methods C497 has been developed-C497M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in these methods.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jun-1998
• ICS: 23.040.50 - Pipes and fittings of other materials
• Technical Committee: C13 - Concrete Pipe
• Drafting Committee: C13.09 - Methods of Test

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C497-02 - Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

Designation: C 497 – 98
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Methods for
1
Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope C 617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Speci-
2
mens
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe,
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
manhole sections, and tile. The test methods described are used
2
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
in production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the
C 822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
properties provided for in the specifications.
3
Products
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
C 1231 Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in Determina-
Section
tion of Compressive Strength of Hardened Concrete Cyl-
External Load Crushing Strength 4
2
Flat Slab Top 5
inders
Core Strength 6
D 2240 Test Method for Rubber Property-Durometer Hard-
Absorption 7
4
ness
Hydrostatic 8
5
Permeability 9
E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
Manhole Step 10
Cylinder Strength 11
3. Terminology
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to con-
temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding
crete pipe, see Terminology C 822.
the test.
4. External Load Crushing Strength Test by the Three-
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons
such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen Edge Bearing Test Method
preparation, it may be discarded and another specimen taken.
4.1 Summary of Test Method—The test specimen is tested in
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the
a machine designed to apply a crushing force upon the
specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
specimen in a plane through the vertical axis extending along
1.6 A complete metric companion to Test Methods C 497
the length of the specimen.
has been developed—C 497M; therefore, no metric equivalents
4.2 Significance and Use—The crushing test can be either a
are presented in these methods.
quality control test performed to establish that the finished,
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
shippable pipe has sufficient strength to withstand the crushing
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
loads stated in the specifications or a proof of design test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
performed to prove the adequacy of design.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.3 Apparatus:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.3.1 The testing machine may be of any type of sufficient
capacity and shall be capable of providing the rate of loading
2. Referenced Documents
prescribed in 4.5.3.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.3.2 The testing machine shall be substantial and rigid
C 31 Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Speci-
throughout, so that the distribution of the load will not be
2
mens in the Field
affected appreciably by the deformation or yielding of any part.
C 39 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical
4.3.3 The three-edge-bearing method of loading shall be
2
Concrete Specimens
used. The test specimen shall be supported on a lower bearing
C 42 Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores
of two parallel longitudinal strips and the load applied through
2
and Sawed Beams of Concrete
an upper bearing (Figs. 1-4). At the option of the manufacturer,
either or both the lower bearing and the upper bearing may
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-13 on
Concrete Pipe and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods
of Test.
3
Current edition approved June 10, 1998. Published March 1999. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
4
published as C 497 – 62 T. Last previous edition C 497 – 97. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C 497
NOTE 1—The figures illustrate a method of applying the load to the pipe.
FIG. 1 Three-Edge-Bearing Test, Circular Pipe
NOTE 1—The figure illustrates a method of applying the load to the pipe.
FIG. 2 Three-Edge-Bearing Test, Arch Pipe
2

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
C 497
NOTE 1—The figure illustrates a method of applying the load to the pipe.
FIG. 3 Three-Edge-Bea
...