ASTM D6496/D6496M-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay Liners
Standard Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay Liners
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The bonding strength test for the top and bottom layers of the geosynthetic clay liner is intended to be an index test. It is anticipated that the results of the test will be used to evaluate the quality of the bonding process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of the average bonding strength between the top and bottom layers of a sample of a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL).
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D6496/D6496M − 18
Standard Test Method for
Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top
and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay
1
Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6496/D6496M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 geosynthetic, n—a product manufactured wholly or in
part from polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of
other geotechnical engineering-related material as an integral
the average bonding strength between the top and bottom
part of a project, structure, or system. D4439
layers of a sample of a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL).
3.1.2 geosynthetic clay liner, n—a manufactured hydraulic
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers of
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
geosynthetic material(s). D4439
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
4. Summary of Test Method
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
4.1 The top and bottom layers of a geosynthetic clay liner
with the standard.
aregrippedindividuallyintensilegripsandpulledataconstant
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
rate of extension by a tensile testing machine until the top and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
bottom layers of the specimen separate. The average bonding
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
peel strength of the test specimen can be calculated from
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
machine scales, dials, recording charts, or an interface com-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
puter.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5. Significance and Use
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.1 The bonding strength test for the top and bottom layers
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
of the geosynthetic clay liner is intended to be an index test. It
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
isanticipatedthattheresultsofthetestwillbeusedtoevaluate
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the quality of the bonding process.
2. Referenced Documents 6. Apparatus
2
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine—A constant rate of extension
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D76/D76MSpecification for Tensile Testing Machines for (CRE) type of testing machine described in Specification
D76/D76Mshallbeusedwithaminimumprecisionmeasuring
Textiles
–4
D4439Terminology for Geosynthetics capability of 0.1 N/m [5.71 × 10 lbf/in.].
6.2 Clamps—The clamps shall be a minimum 25 by
3. Terminology
100mm [1 by 4 in.] and with appropriate clamping power to
3.1 Definitions: prevent slipping or crushing (damage).
6.3 Die or Template, 100 by 200 mm (61 mm) [4 by 8 in.].
6.4 Miscellaneous—Knives, razor, and the like, as required.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosyn-
7. Test Specimen
thetic Clay Liners.
Current edition approved June 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originally
7.1 The sample received at the testing laboratory should be
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6496/D6496M–04a
ɛ1
in satisfactory condition and representative of the product
(2015) . DOI: 10.1520/D6496_D6496M-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or manufactured or delivered to a site, or both.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.2 The size of the die or template for cutting specimens is
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 100 by 200 mm [4 by 8 in.].
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D6496/D6496M − 18
7.3 The loss of clay during the specimen cutting process and represents zero grip separation.Take readings of force and
should have no bearing on the results of the test. time starting from 50 mm [2 in.] of grip separation until
250mm [10 in.] of grip separation. The average recorded
7.4 A minimum of five test specimens should be cut from
peeling force of the GCL over 200 mm [8 in.] of grip
the laboratory sample suc
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D6496/D6496M − 04a (Reapproved 2015) D6496/D6496M − 18
Standard Test Method for
Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top
and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay
1
Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6496/D6496M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Units information and designation were corrected editorially in July 2015.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of the average bonding strength between the top and bottom layers of
a sample of a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL).
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformancenonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D76/D76M Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 geosynthetic, n—a product manufactured wholly or in part from polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other
geotechnical engineering related engineering-related material as an integral part of a project, structure, or system. D4439
3.1.2 geosynthetic clay liner, n—a manufactured hydraulic barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers of geosynthetic
material(s). (Currently being balloted under D35 Committee on Terminology.) D4439
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The top and bottom layers of a geosynthetic clay liner are gripped individually in tensile grips and pulled at a constant rate
of extension by a tensile testing machine until the top and bottom layers of the specimen separate. The average bonding peel
strength of the test specimen can be calculated from machine scales, dials, recording charts, or an interface computer.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The bonding strength test for the top and bottom layers of the geosynthetic clay liner is intended to be an index test. It is
anticipated that the results of the test will be used to evaluate the quality of the bonding process.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic Clay
Liners.
Current edition approved July 1, 2015June 1, 2018. Published July 2015June 2018. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20092015 as
ɛ1
D6496 – 04aD6496/D6496M – 04a (2015) (2009). DOI: 10.1520/D6496_D6496M-04AR15E01.10.1520/D6496_D6496M-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6496/D6496M − 18
6. Apparatus
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine—A constant rate of extension (CRE) type of testing machine described in Specification D76/D76M
–4
shall be used with a minimum precision measuring capability of 0.1 N/m [5.71 × 10 lbf/in.].
6.2 Clamps—The clamps shall be a minimum 25 by 100 mm 100 mm [1 by 4 in.] and with appropriate clamping power to
prevent slipping or crushing (damage).
6.3 Die or Template, 100 by 200 mm (61 mm) [4 by 8 in.].
6.4 Miscellaneous, Miscellaneous—knives,Knives, razor, and the like, as required.
7. Test Specimen
7.1 The sample received at the test
...
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