ASTM A540/A540M-15(2021)

Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel Bolting for Special Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification covers a group of common requirements that shall apply to steel flanges, forged fittings, valves, and parts for piping applications under any of the following individual product specifications. This specification covers regular and special-quality alloy steel bolting materials which may be used for nuclear and other special applications. Bolting materials as used in this specification cover rolled or forged bars, rotary pierced or extruded seamless tubes, bored bars, or forged hollows from forged or rolled bar segments to be manufactured into bolts, studs, washers, and nuts. The steel shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium. Material which is ordered in the liquid-quenched and tempered condition shall be uniformly reheated from a temperature below the cooling transformation range to the proper austenitizing temperature. It shall be quenched in a liquid medium under substantially uniform conditions and then uniformly reheated for tempering. Tensile test, hardness, and impact test shall be measured to conform to the required mechanical properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers regular and special-quality alloy steel bolting materials and bolting components that may be used for nuclear and other special applications. See Specification A962/A962M for the definition of bolting.  
1.2 The following referenced common requirements are indispensable for application of this specification: Specification A962/A962M.  
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. These supplementary requirements only apply when specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.  
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), inch-pound units shall apply.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2021
• ICS: 21.060.01 - Fasteners in general
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.22 - Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM A540/A540M-24 - Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel Bolting for Special Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM E45-18a(2023) - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM A962/A962M-18 - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2018
• Refers: ASTM A962/A962M-17 - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 01-May-2017
• Refers: ASTM A962/A962M-16b - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2016
• Refers: ASTM A962/A962M-16a - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 01-May-2016
• Refers: ASTM A962/A962M-16 - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2016
• Refers: ASTM A962/A962M-15 - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2015
• Refers: ASTM A962/A962M-14a - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2014
• Refers: ASTM A962/A962M-14 - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 01-May-2014
• Refers: ASTM A962/A962M-13b - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2013
• Refers: ASTM A962/A962M-13a - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 01-May-2013
• Refers: ASTM A962/A962M-13 - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2013
• Refers: ASTM A962/A962M-12 - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
• Effective Date: 15-May-2012
• Refers: ASTM E45-11a - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A540/A540M −15 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Alloy-Steel Bolting for Special Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA540/A540M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2 3
1.1 This specification covers regular and special-quality 2.1 ASTM Standards:
A962/A962MSpecification for Common Requirements for
alloy steel bolting materials and bolting components that may
be used for nuclear and other special applications. See Speci- Bolting Intended for Use atAny Temperature from Cryo-
genic to the Creep Range
fication A962/A962M for the definition of bolting.
E45Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of
1.2 The following referenced common requirements are
Steel
indispensableforapplicationofthisspecification:Specification
A962/A962M.
3. Ordering Information
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
3.1 The inquiry and orders for bolting material and bolting
provided for use at the option of the purchaser. These supple-
components under this specification shall include the
mentary requirements only apply when specified individually
following, as required, to describe the desired items ad-
by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.
equately:
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units
3.1.1 Grade and Class
and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract
3.1.2 Condition (Section 5),
specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI
3.1.3 Heat treatment (Section 6),
units), inch-pound units shall apply.
3.1.4 Supplementary Requirements (S1 to S9),
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1.5 Reports required (Section 16),
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
3.1.6 End use, and
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
3.1.7 Any special requirements.
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
3.2 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
requirements.
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
standard.
4. Common Requirements
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.1 Bolting materials and bolting components supplied to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
this specification shall conform to the requirements of Speci-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
fication A962/A962M. These requirements include test
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
methods, finish, thread dimensions, macro etch, marking,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
certification, optional supplementary requirements, and others.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Failure to comply with the requirements of Specification
A962/A962M constitutes nonconformance with this specifica-
tion. In case of conflict between this specification and Speci-
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
fication A962/A962M, this specification shall prevail.
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.22 on Steel Forgings andWrought Fittings for PipingApplications and Bolting
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2021. Published October 2021. Originally
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as A540/A540M–15. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/A0540_A0540M-15R21. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Applications see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-540 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A540/A540M−15 (2021)
5. Manufacture 9. Hardness Requirements
9.1 The hardness shall be determined on the surface of the
5.1 Bolting material shall be supplied hot-rolled or hot-
forged or cold-finished at the option of the producer. However, material after removal of decarburization.
if desired by the purchaser, cold finishing may be specified.
9.2 The hardness of bolting material in the annealed condi-
tion shall not be greater than 235HBW.
6. Heat Treatment
9.3 The hardness of bolting material in the quenched and
6.1 Bolting material ordered in the annealed condition shall
tempered or quenched, tempered and stress-relieved condition
haveastructuresuitableformachining.Suchannealedmaterial
shall be within the limits in Table 2 for the specified class.
is not intended to be used without subsequent quenching and
10. Impact Requirements
tempering as specified in 6.2.
10.1 Annealed bolting material after proper heat treatment
6.2 Bolting material ordered in the liquid-quenched and
shall be capable of meeting the impact requirements in Table 2
tempered condition shall be uniformly reheated from a tem-
or of Supplementary Requirement S8, if so specified (see
perature below the cooling transformation range to the proper
Supplementary Requirement S4).
austenitizing temperature, quenched in a liquid medium under
substantially uniform conditions, and then uniformly reheated
10.2 Bolting material in the quenched and tempered or
for tempering. The minimum tempering temperature shall be
quenched, tempered, and stress-relieved condition shall con-
850 °F [455 °C].
form to the impact requirements in Table 2, or of Supplemen-
tary Requirement S8 if so specified.
6.3 Boltingmaterialthathasbeenstraightenedafterquench-
ing and tempering shall be stress relieved by reheating to a
10.3 Thepercentofshear(ductilityorfibrous)fractureshall
temperaturenotlowerthan100°F[55°C]underthetempering be computed. The computed value shall be recorded for all
temperature.
impact specimens.
10.4 The amount of lateral expansion shall be measured.
7. Chemical Composition
Themeasuredvalueshallberecordedforallimpactspecimens.
7.1 Steels used for bolting materials shall conform to the
10.5 The percent shear and the amount of lateral expansion
chemical requirements prescribed in Table 1.
shall be reported for information purposes (see 16.1).
8. Tensile Requirements
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
8.1 Bolting material furnished in the annealed condition
11.1 Bolting material shall be uniform in quality and free of
shall be capable of meeting the specified tensile properties for defects that would be detrimental to the intended service. If
the class as specified in Table 2 when heat treated in accor-
magnetic particle inspection for such defects is desired,
dance with 6.2 and 6.3 (see Supplementary Requirement S4). Supplementary Requirement S6 should be specified.
8.2 Bolting material in the quenched and tempered or 11.2 Surface Quality—Bolting material shall be free of
quenched, tempered and stress-relieved condition shall con- seams, laps, cracks, or other defects that are not removable
form to properties shown in Table 2 for the specified class. within the machining cleanup allowance specified in Table 3.
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Grade B21 B22 B23 B24 B24V
h
Symbol
(Cr-Mo-V) (4142-H) (E-4340-H) (4340 Mod.) (4340V Mod.)
Chromium- Chromium- Chromium-Nickel- Chromium-Nickel- Chromium-Nickel-
Molybdenum- Molybdenum Molybdenum Molybdenum Molybdenum-
Vanadium Vanadium
Range, % Product Range, % Product Range, % Product Range, % Product Product
Variation, Variation, Variation, Variation, Variation,
Over or Over or Over or Over or Over or
B B B B B
Under, % Under, % Under, % Under, % Under, %
Carbon 0.36–0.44 0.02 0.39–0.46 0.02 0.37–0.44 0.02 0.37–0.44 0.02 0.37–0.44 0.02
Manganese 0.45–0.70 0.03 0.65–1.10 0.04 0.60–0.95 0.04 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.60–0.95 0.04
C C C C C
Phosphorus, max 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005
C C C C C
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005
D
Silicon 0.15–0.35 0.02 0.15–0.35 0.02 0.15–0.35 0.02 0.15–0.35 0.02 0.15–0.35 0.02
Chromium 0.80–1.15 0.05 0.75–1.20 0.05 0.65–0.95 0.05 0.70–0.95 0.05 0.60–0.95 0.05
Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.55–2.00 0.05 1.65–2.00 0.05 1.55–2.00 0.05
Molybdenum 0.50–0.65 0.03 0.15–0.25 0.02 0.20–0.30 0.02 0.30–0.40 0.02 0.40–0.60 0.03
Vanadium 0.25–0.35 0.03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.04–0.10 0.01
A
The intentional addition of Bi, Se, Te, and Pb is not permitted.
B
Unless otherwise specified, separate determinations may vary from the specified ranges, except that elements in any heat must not vary both above and below the
specified range.
C
Phosphorus and sulfur content is 0.04 % max when open-hearth steel is specified.
D
Silicon content is 0.35 % max if vacuum-carbon deoxidized.
A540/A540M−15 (2021)
TABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements
NOTE 1—The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less than 35 ft·lbf [47 J]. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 35 ft·lbf [47
J] but not less than 30 ft·lbf [41 J].
NOTE 2— The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less than 30 ft·lbf [41 J]. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 30 ft·lbf [41
J] but not less than 25 ft·lbf [34 J].
NOTE 3—The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less than 25 ft·lbf [34 J]. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 25 ft·lbf [34
J] but not less than 20 ft·lbf [27 J].
NOTE 4—No minimum values established. Tests shall be run for information only.
Grade Class Diameter Tensile Yield Elonga- Reduc- Surface Charpy
Strength, Strength, tion, tion of Brinell V-Notch
min 0.2 % min, % Area, Hardness +10 °F
offset, min, % [−12.2 °C]
min max
min
Inch-Pound Units
in. ksi ksi In 2 in.
B21 5 to 2, incl 120 105 15 50 241 285 Note 4
(Cr-Mo-V) over 2 to 6, incl 115 100 15 50 248 302 Note 4
Note 4
over 6 to 8, incl 115 100 15 50 255 311
4 to 3, incl 135 120 13 45 269 331 Note 4
Note 4
over 3 to 6, incl 135 120 13 45 277 352
3 to 3, incl 145 130 12 40 293 352 Note 4
Note 4
over 3 to 6, incl 145 130 12 40 302 375
2 to 4, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401 Note 4
1 to 4, incl 165 150 10 35 321 429 Note 4
B22 5 to 2, incl 120 105 15 50 248 293 Note 1
(4142-H) over 2 to 4, incl 115 100 15 50 255 302 Note 4
4 to 1, incl 135 120 13 45 269 341 Note 1
Note 4
over 1 to 4, incl 135 120 13 45 277 363
3 to 2, incl 145 130 12 40 293 363 Note 4
Note 4
over 2 to 4, incl 145 130 12 40 302 375
2 to 3, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401 Note 4
1to1 ⁄2 , incl 165 150 10 35 321 401 Note 4
B23 5 to 6, incl 120 105 15 50 248 311 Note 1
Note 1
(E-4340-H) over 6 to 8, incl 115 100 15 50 255 321
Note 4
over 8 to 9 ⁄2, incl 115 100 15 50 262 321
4 to 3, incl 135 120 13 45 269 341 Note 1
Note 1
over 3 to 6, incl 135 120 13 45 277 352
Note 4
over 6 to 9 ⁄2, incl 135 120 13 45 285 363
3 to 3, incl 145 130 12 40 293 363 Note 2
Note 2
over 3 to 6, incl 145 130 12 40 302 375
Note 4
over 6 to 9 ⁄2, incl 145 130 12 40 311 388
2 to 3, incl 155 140 11 40 311 388 Note 4
Note 4
over 3 to 6, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401
Note 4
over 6 to 9 ⁄2, incl 155 140 11 40 321 415
1 to 3, incl 165 150 10 35 321 415 Note 4
Note 4
over 3 to 6, incl 165 150 10 35 331 429
Note 4
over 6 to 8, incl 165 150 10 35 341 444
B24 5 to 6, incl 120 105 15 50 248 311 Note 1
Note 1
(4340 Mod.) over 6 to 8, incl 115 100 15 50 255 321
Note 1
over 8 to 9 ⁄2, incl 115 100 15 50 262 321
4 to 3, incl 135 120 13 45 269 341 Note 1
over 3 to 6, incl 135 120 13 45 277 352 Note 1
over 6 to 8, incl 135 120 13 45 285 363 Note 1
over 8 to 9 ⁄2, incl 135 120 13 45 293 363 Note 4
3 to 3, incl 145 130 12 40 293 363 Note 2
Note 2
over 3 to 8, incl 145 130 12 40 302 388
Note 4
over 8 to 9 ⁄2, incl 145 130 12 40 311 388
2 to 7, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401 Note 2
1 Note 4
over 7 to 9 ⁄2, incl 155 140 11 40 321 415
1 to 6, incl 165 150 10 35 321 415 Note 3
Note 4
over 6 to 8, incl 165 150 10 35 331 429
B24V 3 to 4, incl 145 130 12 40 293 363 Note 1
Note 2
(4340V Mod.) over 4 to 8, incl 145 130 12 40 302 375
over 8 to 11, incl 145 130 12 40 311 388 Note 3
2 to 4, incl 155 140 11 40 311 388 Note 2
Note 3
over 4 to 8, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401
Note 4
over 8 to 11, incl 155 140 11 40 321 415
1 to 4, incl 165 150 10 35 321 415 Note 3
Note 4
over 4 to 8, incl 165 150 10 35 331 429
Note 4
over 8 to 11, incl 165 150 10 35 331 444
A540/A540M−15 (2021)
TABLE2 Continued
Grade Class Diameter Tensile Yield Elonga- Reduc- Surface Charpy
Strength, Strength, tion, tion of Brinell V-Notch
min 0.2 % min, % Area, Hardness +10 °F
offset, min, % [−12.2 °C]
min max
min
Metric Units
In 50
mm MPa MPa mm
B21 5 to 50, incl 825 725 15 50 241 285 Note 4
Note 4
(Cr-Mo-V) over 50 to 150, incl 795 690 15 50 248 302
over 150 to 205, incl 795 690 15 50 255 311 Note 4
4 to 75, incl 930 825 13 45 269 331 Note 4
Note 4
over 75 to 150, incl 930 825 13 45 277 352
3 to 75, incl 1000 895 12 40 293 352 Note 4
Note 4
over 75 to 150, incl 1000 895 12 40 302 375
2 to 100, incl 1070 965 11 40 311 401 Note 4
1 to 100, incl 1140 1035 10 35 321 429 Note 4
B22 5 to 50, incl 825 725 15 50 248 293 Note 1
Note 4
(4142-H) over 50 to 100, incl 795 690 15 50 255 302
4 to 25, incl 930 825 13 45 269 341 Note 1
Note 4
over 25 to 100, incl 930 825 13 45 277 363
3 to 50, incl 1000 895 12 40 293 363 Note 4
Note 4
over 50 to 100, incl 1000 895 12 40 302 375
2 to 75, incl 1070 965 11 40 311 401 Note 4
Note 4
1 to 38, incl 1140 1035 10 35 321 401
B23 5 to 150, incl 825 725 15 50 248 311 Note 1
Note 1
(E-4340-H) over 150 to 200 incl 795 690 15 50 255 321
over 200 to 240, incl 795 690 15 50 262 321 Note 4
4 to 75, incl 930 825 13 45 269 341 Note 1
Note 1
over 75 to 150, incl 930 825 13 45 277 352
Note 4
over 150 to 240, incl 930 825 13 45 285 363
3 to 75, incl 1000 895 12 40 293 363 Note 2
Note 2
over 75 to 150, incl 1000 895 12 40 302 375
Note 4
over 150 to 240, incl 1000 895 12 40 311 388
2 to 75, incl 1070 965 11 40 311 388 Note 4
Note 4
over 75 to 150, incl 1070 965 11 40 311 401
Note 4
over 150 to 240, incl 1070 965 11 40 321 415
1 to 75, incl 1140 1035 10 35 321 415 Note 4
Note 4
over 75 to 150, incl 1140 1035 10 35 331 429
Note 4
over 150 to 200, incl 1140 1035 10 35 341 444
B24 5 to 150, incl 8
...

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A540/A540M − 15 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Alloy-Steel Bolting for Special Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A540/A540M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2 3
1.1 This specification covers regular and special-quality 2.1 ASTM Standards:
alloy steel bolting materials and bolting components that may A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for
be used for nuclear and other special applications. See Speci- Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryo-
fication A962/A962M for the definition of bolting. genic to the Creep Range
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of
1.2 The following referenced common requirements are
Steel
indispensable for application of this specification: Specification
A962/A962M.
3. Ordering Information
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
3.1 The inquiry and orders for bolting material and bolting
provided for use at the option of the purchaser. These supple-
components under this specification shall include the
mentary requirements only apply when specified individually
following, as required, to describe the desired items ad-
by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.
equately:
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units
3.1.1 Grade and Class
and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract
3.1.2 Condition (Section 5),
specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI
3.1.3 Heat treatment (Section 6),
units), inch-pound units shall apply.
3.1.4 Supplementary Requirements (S1 to S9),
3.1.5 Reports required (Section 16),
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1.6 End use, and
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
3.1.7 Any special requirements.
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
3.2 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
requirements.
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
standard.
4. Common Requirements
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.1 Bolting materials and bolting components supplied to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
this specification shall conform to the requirements of Speci-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
fication A962/A962M. These requirements include test
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
methods, finish, thread dimensions, macro etch, marking,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
certification, optional supplementary requirements, and others.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Failure to comply with the requirements of Specification
A962/A962M constitutes nonconformance with this specifica-
tion. In case of conflict between this specification and Speci-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
fication A962/A962M, this specification shall prevail.
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2021. Published October 2021. Originally
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as A540/A540M – 15. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/A0540_A0540M-15R21. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Applications see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-540 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A540/A540M − 15 (2021)
5. Manufacture 9. Hardness Requirements
5.1 Bolting material shall be supplied hot-rolled or hot- 9.1 The hardness shall be determined on the surface of the
material after removal of decarburization.
forged or cold-finished at the option of the producer. However,
if desired by the purchaser, cold finishing may be specified.
9.2 The hardness of bolting material in the annealed condi-
tion shall not be greater than 235 HBW.
6. Heat Treatment
9.3 The hardness of bolting material in the quenched and
6.1 Bolting material ordered in the annealed condition shall
tempered or quenched, tempered and stress-relieved condition
have a structure suitable for machining. Such annealed material
shall be within the limits in Table 2 for the specified class.
is not intended to be used without subsequent quenching and
10. Impact Requirements
tempering as specified in 6.2.
10.1 Annealed bolting material after proper heat treatment
6.2 Bolting material ordered in the liquid-quenched and
shall be capable of meeting the impact requirements in Table 2
tempered condition shall be uniformly reheated from a tem-
or of Supplementary Requirement S8, if so specified (see
perature below the cooling transformation range to the proper
Supplementary Requirement S4).
austenitizing temperature, quenched in a liquid medium under
substantially uniform conditions, and then uniformly reheated
10.2 Bolting material in the quenched and tempered or
for tempering. The minimum tempering temperature shall be
quenched, tempered, and stress-relieved condition shall con-
850 °F [455 °C].
form to the impact requirements in Table 2, or of Supplemen-
tary Requirement S8 if so specified.
6.3 Bolting material that has been straightened after quench-
ing and tempering shall be stress relieved by reheating to a 10.3 The percent of shear (ductility or fibrous) fracture shall
temperature not lower than 100 °F [55 °C] under the tempering
be computed. The computed value shall be recorded for all
temperature. impact specimens.
10.4 The amount of lateral expansion shall be measured.
7. Chemical Composition
The measured value shall be recorded for all impact specimens.
7.1 Steels used for bolting materials shall conform to the
10.5 The percent shear and the amount of lateral expansion
chemical requirements prescribed in Table 1.
shall be reported for information purposes (see 16.1).
8. Tensile Requirements
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
8.1 Bolting material furnished in the annealed condition 11.1 Bolting material shall be uniform in quality and free of
shall be capable of meeting the specified tensile properties for
defects that would be detrimental to the intended service. If
the class as specified in Table 2 when heat treated in accor- magnetic particle inspection for such defects is desired,
dance with 6.2 and 6.3 (see Supplementary Requirement S4).
Supplementary Requirement S6 should be specified.
8.2 Bolting material in the quenched and tempered or 11.2 Surface Quality—Bolting material shall be free of
quenched, tempered and stress-relieved condition shall con- seams, laps, cracks, or other defects that are not removable
form to properties shown in Table 2 for the specified class. within the machining cleanup allowance specified in Table 3.
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Grade B21 B22 B23 B24 B24V
h
Symbol
(Cr-Mo-V) (4142-H) (E-4340-H) (4340 Mod.) (4340V Mod.)
Chromium- Chromium- Chromium-Nickel- Chromium-Nickel- Chromium-Nickel-
Molybdenum- Molybdenum Molybdenum Molybdenum Molybdenum-
Vanadium Vanadium
Range, % Product Range, % Product Range, % Product Range, % Product Product
Variation, Variation, Variation, Variation, Variation,
Over or Over or Over or Over or Over or
B B B B B
Under, % Under, % Under, % Under, % Under, %
Carbon 0.36–0.44 0.02 0.39–0.46 0.02 0.37–0.44 0.02 0.37–0.44 0.02 0.37–0.44 0.02
Manganese 0.45–0.70 0.03 0.65–1.10 0.04 0.60–0.95 0.04 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.60–0.95 0.04
C C C C C
Phosphorus, max 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005
C C C C C
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005
D
Silicon 0.15–0.35 0.02 0.15–0.35 0.02 0.15–0.35 0.02 0.15–0.35 0.02 0.15–0.35 0.02
Chromium 0.80–1.15 0.05 0.75–1.20 0.05 0.65–0.95 0.05 0.70–0.95 0.05 0.60–0.95 0.05
Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.55–2.00 0.05 1.65–2.00 0.05 1.55–2.00 0.05
Molybdenum 0.50–0.65 0.03 0.15–0.25 0.02 0.20–0.30 0.02 0.30–0.40 0.02 0.40–0.60 0.03
Vanadium 0.25–0.35 0.03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.04–0.10 0.01
A
The intentional addition of Bi, Se, Te, and Pb is not permitted.
B
Unless otherwise specified, separate determinations may vary from the specified ranges, except that elements in any heat must not vary both above and below the
specified range.
C
Phosphorus and sulfur content is 0.04 % max when open-hearth steel is specified.
D
Silicon content is 0.35 % max if vacuum-carbon deoxidized.
A540/A540M − 15 (2021)
TABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements
NOTE 1—The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less than 35 ft·lbf [47 J]. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 35 ft·lbf [47
J] but not less than 30 ft·lbf [41 J].
NOTE 2— The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less than 30 ft·lbf [41 J]. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 30 ft·lbf [41
J] but not less than 25 ft·lbf [34 J].
NOTE 3—The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less than 25 ft·lbf [34 J]. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 25 ft·lbf [34
J] but not less than 20 ft·lbf [27 J].
NOTE 4—No minimum values established. Tests shall be run for information only.
Grade Class Diameter Tensile Yield Elonga- Reduc- Surface Charpy
Strength, Strength, tion, tion of Brinell V-Notch
min 0.2 % min, % Area, Hardness +10 °F
offset, min, % [−12.2 °C]
min max
min
Inch-Pound Units
in. ksi ksi In 2 in.
B21 5 to 2, incl 120 105 15 50 241 285 Note 4
(Cr-Mo-V) over 2 to 6, incl 115 100 15 50 248 302 Note 4
Note 4
over 6 to 8, incl 115 100 15 50 255 311
4 to 3, incl 135 120 13 45 269 331 Note 4
Note 4
over 3 to 6, incl 135 120 13 45 277 352
3 to 3, incl 145 130 12 40 293 352 Note 4
Note 4
over 3 to 6, incl 145 130 12 40 302 375
2 to 4, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401 Note 4
1 to 4, incl 165 150 10 35 321 429 Note 4
B22 5 to 2, incl 120 105 15 50 248 293 Note 1
(4142-H) over 2 to 4, incl 115 100 15 50 255 302 Note 4
4 to 1, incl 135 120 13 45 269 341 Note 1
Note 4
over 1 to 4, incl 135 120 13 45 277 363
3 to 2, incl 145 130 12 40 293 363 Note 4
Note 4
over 2 to 4, incl 145 130 12 40 302 375
2 to 3, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401 Note 4
1 to 1 ⁄2 , incl 165 150 10 35 321 401 Note 4
B23 5 to 6, incl 120 105 15 50 248 311 Note 1
Note 1
(E-4340-H) over 6 to 8, incl 115 100 15 50 255 321
Note 4
over 8 to 9 ⁄2, incl 115 100 15 50 262 321
4 to 3, incl 135 120 13 45 269 341 Note 1
Note 1
over 3 to 6, incl 135 120 13 45 277 352
Note 4
over 6 to 9 ⁄2, incl 135 120 13 45 285 363
3 to 3, incl 145 130 12 40 293 363 Note 2
Note 2
over 3 to 6, incl 145 130 12 40 302 375
Note 4
over 6 to 9 ⁄2, incl 145 130 12 40 311 388
2 to 3, incl 155 140 11 40 311 388 Note 4
Note 4
over 3 to 6, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401
Note 4
over 6 to 9 ⁄2, incl 155 140 11 40 321 415
1 to 3, incl 165 150 10 35 321 415 Note 4
Note 4
over 3 to 6, incl 165 150 10 35 331 429
Note 4
over 6 to 8, incl 165 150 10 35 341 444
B24 5 to 6, incl 120 105 15 50 248 311 Note 1
Note 1
(4340 Mod.) over 6 to 8, incl 115 100 15 50 255 321
Note 1
over 8 to 9 ⁄2, incl 115 100 15 50 262 321
4 to 3, incl 135 120 13 45 269 341 Note 1
over 3 to 6, incl 135 120 13 45 277 352 Note 1
over 6 to 8, incl 135 120 13 45 285 363 Note 1
over 8 to 9 ⁄2, incl 135 120 13 45 293 363 Note 4
3 to 3, incl 145 130 12 40 293 363 Note 2
Note 2
over 3 to 8, incl 145 130 12 40 302 388
Note 4
over 8 to 9 ⁄2, incl 145 130 12 40 311 388
2 to 7, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401 Note 2
Note 4
over 7 to 9 ⁄2, incl 155 140 11 40 321 415
1 to 6, incl 165 150 10 35 321 415 Note 3
Note 4
over 6 to 8, incl 165 150 10 35 331 429
B24V 3 to 4, incl 145 130 12 40 293 363 Note 1
Note 2
(4340V Mod.) over 4 to 8, incl 145 130 12 40 302 375
over 8 to 11, incl 145 130 12 40 311 388 Note 3
2 to 4, incl 155 140 11 40 311 388 Note 2
Note 3
over 4 to 8, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401
Note 4
over 8 to 11, incl 155 140 11 40 321 415
1 to 4, incl 165 150 10 35 321 415 Note 3
Note 4
over 4 to 8, incl 165 150 10 35 331 429
Note 4
over 8 to 11, incl 165 150 10 35 331 444
A540/A540M − 15 (2021)
TABLE 2 Continued
Grade Class Diameter Tensile Yield Elonga- Reduc- Surface Charpy
Strength, Strength, tion, tion of Brinell V-Notch
min 0.2 % min, % Area, Hardness +10 °F
offset, min, % [−12.2 °C]
min max
min
Metric Units
In 50
mm MPa MPa mm
B21 5 to 50, incl 825 725 15 50 241 285 Note 4
Note 4
(Cr-Mo-V) over 50 to 150, incl 795 690 15 50 248 302
over 150 to 205, incl 795 690 15 50 255 311 Note 4
4 to 75, incl 930 825 13 45 269 331 Note 4
Note 4
over 75 to 150, incl 930 825 13 45 277 352
3 to 75, incl 1000 895 12 40 293 352 Note 4
Note 4
over 75 to 150, incl 1000 895 12 40 302 375
2 to 100, incl 1070 965 11 40 311 401 Note 4
1 to 100, incl 1140 1035 10 35 321 429 Note 4
B22 5 to 50, incl 825 725 15 50 248 293 Note 1
Note 4
(4142-H) over 50 to 100, incl 795 690 15 50 255 302
4 to 25, incl 930 825 13 45 269 341 Note 1
Note 4
over 25 to 100, incl 930 825 13 45 277 363
3 to 50, incl 1000 895 12 40 293 363 Note 4
Note 4
over 50 to 100, incl 1000 895 12 40 302 375
2 to 75, incl 1070 965 11 40 311 401 Note 4
Note 4
1 to 38, incl 1140 1035 10 35 321 401
B23 5 to 150, incl 825 725 15 50 248 311 Note 1
Note 1
(E-4340-H) over 150 to 200 incl 795 690 15 50 255 321
over 200 to 240, incl 795 690 15 50 262 321 Note 4
4 to 75, incl 930 825 13 45 269 341 Note 1
Note 1
over 75 to 150, incl 930 825 13 45 277 352
Note 4
over 150 to 240, incl 930 825 13 45 285 363
3 to 75, incl 1000 895 12 40 293 363 Note 2
Note 2
over 75 to 150, incl 1000 895 12 40 302 375
Note 4
over 150 to 240, incl 1000 895 12 40 311 388
2 to 75, incl 1070 965 11 40 311 388 Note 4
Note 4
over 75 to 150, incl 1070 965 11 40 311 401
Note 4
over 150 to 240, incl 1070 965 11 40 321 415
1 to 75, incl 1140 1035 10 35 321 415 Note 4
Note 4
over 75 to 150, incl 1140 1035 10 35 331 429
Note 4
over 150 to 200, incl 1140 1035 10 35 341 444
B24 5 to 150, incl 825 725 15 50 248 311 Note 1
Note 1
(4340 Mo
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A540/A540M − 15 A540/A540M − 15 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Alloy-Steel Bolting for Special Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A540/A540M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers regular and special-quality alloy steel bolting materials and bolting components that may be used
for nuclear and other special applications. See Specification A962/A962M for the definition of bolting.
1.2 The following referenced common requirements are indispensable for application of this specification: Specification
A962/A962M.
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. These supplementary
requirements only apply when specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract
specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), inch-pound units shall apply.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the
Creep Range
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel
3. Ordering Information
3.1 The inquiry and orders for bolting material and bolting components under this specification shall include the following, as
required, to describe the desired items adequately:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22
on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015Sept. 1, 2021. Published November 2015October 2021. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 20112015
as A540/A540MA540/A540M – 15.–11. DOI: 10.1520/A0540_A0540M-15.10.1520/A0540_A0540M-15R21.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Applications see related Specification SA-540 in Section II of that Code.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A540/A540M − 15 (2021)
3.1.1 Grade and Class
3.1.2 Condition (Section 5),
3.1.3 Heat treatment (Section 6),
3.1.4 Supplementary Requirements (S1 to S9),
3.1.5 Reports required (Section 16),
3.1.6 End use, and
3.1.7 Any special requirements.
3.2 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary requirements.
4. Common Requirements
4.1 Bolting materials and bolting components supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification
A962/A962M. These requirements include test methods, finish, thread dimensions, macro etch, marking, certification, optional
supplementary requirements, and others. Failure to comply with the requirements of Specification A962/A962M constitutes
nonconformance with this specification. In case of conflict between this specification and Specification A962/A962M, this
specification shall prevail.
5. Manufacture
5.1 Bolting material shall be supplied hot-rolled or hot-forged or cold-finished at the option of the producer. However, if desired
by the purchaser, cold finishing may be specified.
6. Heat Treatment
6.1 Bolting material ordered in the annealed condition shall have a structure suitable for machining. Such annealed material is not
intended to be used without subsequent quenching and tempering as specified in 6.2.
6.2 Bolting material ordered in the liquid-quenched and tempered condition shall be uniformly reheated from a temperature below
the cooling transformation range to the proper austenitizing temperature, quenched in a liquid medium under substantially uniform
conditions, and then uniformly reheated for tempering. The minimum tempering temperature shall be 850 °F [455 °C].
6.3 Bolting material that has been straightened after quenching and tempering shall be stress relieved by reheating to a temperature
not lower than 100 °F [55 °C] under the tempering temperature.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 Steels used for bolting materials shall conform to the chemical requirements prescribed in Table 1.
8. Tensile Requirements
8.1 Bolting material furnished in the annealed condition shall be capable of meeting the specified tensile properties for the class
as specified in Table 2 when heat treated in accordance with 6.2 and 6.3 (see Supplementary Requirement S4).
8.2 Bolting material in the quenched and tempered or quenched, tempered and stress-relieved condition shall conform to
properties shown in Table 2 for the specified class.
9. Hardness Requirements
9.1 The hardness shall be determined on the surface of the material after removal of decarburization.
A540/A540M − 15 (2021)
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Grade B21 B22 B23 B24 B24V
h
Symbol
(Cr-Mo-V) (4142-H) (E-4340-H) (4340 Mod.) (4340V Mod.)
Chromium- Chromium- Chromium-Nickel- Chromium-Nickel- Chromium-Nickel-
Molybdenum- Molybdenum Molybdenum Molybdenum Molybdenum-
Vanadium Vanadium
Range, % Product Range, % Product Range, % Product Range, % Product Product
Variation, Variation, Variation, Variation, Variation,
Over or Over or Over or Over or Over or
B B B B B
Under, % Under, % Under, % Under, % Under, %
Carbon 0.36–0.44 0.02 0.39–0.46 0.02 0.37–0.44 0.02 0.37–0.44 0.02 0.37–0.44 0.02
Manganese 0.45–0.70 0.03 0.65–1.10 0.04 0.60–0.95 0.04 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.60–0.95 0.04
C C C C C
Phosphorus, max 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005
C C C C C
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005 0.025 0.005
D
Silicon 0.15–0.35 0.02 0.15–0.35 0.02 0.15–0.35 0.02 0.15–0.35 0.02 0.15–0.35 0.02
Chromium 0.80–1.15 0.05 0.75–1.20 0.05 0.65–0.95 0.05 0.70–0.95 0.05 0.60–0.95 0.05
Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.55–2.00 0.05 1.65–2.00 0.05 1.55–2.00 0.05
Molybdenum 0.50–0.65 0.03 0.15–0.25 0.02 0.20–0.30 0.02 0.30–0.40 0.02 0.40–0.60 0.03
Vanadium 0.25–0.35 0.03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.04–0.10 0.01
A
The intentional addition of Bi, Se, Te, and Pb is not permitted.
B
Unless otherwise specified, separate determinations may vary from the specified ranges, except that elements in any heat must not vary both above and below the
specified range.
C
Phosphorus and sulfur content is 0.04 % max when open-hearth steel is specified.
D
Silicon content is 0.35 % max if vacuum-carbon deoxidized.
9.2 The hardness of bolting material in the annealed condition shall not be greater than 235 HBW.
9.3 The hardness of bolting material in the quenched and tempered or quenched, tempered and stress-relieved condition shall be
within the limits in Table 2 for the specified class.
10. Impact Requirements
10.1 Annealed bolting material after proper heat treatment shall be capable of meeting the impact requirements in Table 2 or of
Supplementary Requirement S8, if so specified (see Supplementary Requirement S4).
10.2 Bolting material in the quenched and tempered or quenched, tempered, and stress-relieved condition shall conform to the
impact requirements in Table 2, or of Supplementary Requirement S8 if so specified.
10.3 The percent of shear (ductility or fibrous) fracture shall be computed. The computed value shall be recorded for all impact
specimens.
10.4 The amount of lateral expansion shall be measured. The measured value shall be recorded for all impact specimens.
10.5 The percent shear and the amount of lateral expansion shall be reported for information purposes (see 16.1).
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
11.1 Bolting material shall be uniform in quality and free of defects that would be detrimental to the intended service. If magnetic
particle inspection for such defects is desired, Supplementary Requirement S6 should be specified.
11.2 Surface Quality—Bolting material shall be free of seams, laps, cracks, or other defects that are not removable within the
machining cleanup allowance specified in Table 3.
12. Surface Condition
12.1 Bolting material shall be cleaned and furnished in the scale-free condition.
A540/A540M − 15 (2021)
TABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements
NOTE 1—The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less than 35 ft·lbf [47 J]. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 35 ft·lbf [47
J] but not less than 30 ft·lbf [41 J].
NOTE 2— The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less than 30 ft·lbf [41 J]. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 30 ft·lbf [41
J] but not less than 25 ft·lbf [34 J].
NOTE 3—The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less than 25 ft·lbf [34 J]. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 25 ft·lbf [34
J] but not less than 20 ft·lbf [27 J].
NOTE 4—No minimum values established. Tests shall be run for information only.
Grade Class Diameter Tensile Yield Elonga- Reduc- Surface Charpy
Strength, Strength, tion, tion of Brinell V-Notch
min 0.2 % min, % Area, Hardness +10 °F
offset, min, % [−12.2 °C]
min max
min
Inch-Pound Units
in. ksi ksi In 2 in.
B21 5 to 2, incl 120 105 15 50 241 285 Note 4
(Cr-Mo-V) over 2 to 6, incl 115 100 15 50 248 302 Note 4
Note 4
over 6 to 8, incl 115 100 15 50 255 311
4 to 3, incl 135 120 13 45 269 331 Note 4
Note 4
over 3 to 6, incl 135 120 13 45 277 352
3 to 3, incl 145 130 12 40 293 352 Note 4
Note 4
over 3 to 6, incl 145 130 12 40 302 375
2 to 4, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401 Note 4
1 to 4, incl 165 150 10 35 321 429 Note 4
B22 5 to 2, incl 120 105 15 50 248 293 Note 1
(4142-H) over 2 to 4, incl 115 100 15 50 255 302 Note 4
4 to 1, incl 135 120 13 45 269 341 Note 1
Note 4
over 1 to 4, incl 135 120 13 45 277 363
3 to 2, incl 145 130 12 40 293 363 Note 4
Note 4
over 2 to 4, incl 145 130 12 40 302 375
2 to 3, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401 Note 4
1 to 1 ⁄2 , incl 165 150 10 35 321 401 Note 4
B23 5 to 6, incl 120 105 15 50 248 311 Note 1
Note 1
(E-4340-H) over 6 to 8, incl 115 100 15 50 255 321
Note 4
over 8 to 9 ⁄2, incl 115 100 15 50 262 321
4 to 3, incl 135 120 13 45 269 341 Note 1
Note 1
over 3 to 6, incl 135 120 13 45 277 352
Note 4
over 6 to 9 ⁄2, incl 135 120 13 45 285 363
3 to 3, incl 145 130 12 40 293 363 Note 2
Note 2
over 3 to 6, incl 145 130 12 40 302 375
Note 4
over 6 to 9 ⁄2, incl 145 130 12 40 311 388
2 to 3, incl 155 140 11 40 311 388 Note 4
Note 4
over 3 to 6, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401
Note 4
over 6 to 9 ⁄2, incl 155 140 11 40 321 415
1 to 3, incl 165 150 10 35 321 415 Note 4
Note 4
over 3 to 6, incl 165 150 10 35 331 429
Note 4
over 6 to 8, incl 165 150 10 35 341 444
B24 5 to 6, incl 120 105 15 50 248 311 Note 1
Note 1
(4340 Mod.) over 6 to 8, incl 115 100 15 50 255 321
Note 1
over 8 to 9 ⁄2, incl 115 100 15 50 262 321
4 to 3, incl 135 120 13 45 269 341 Note 1
over 3 to 6, incl 135 120 13 45 277 352 Note 1
over 6 to 8, incl 135 120 13 45 285 363 Note 1
over 8 to 9 ⁄2, incl 135 120 13 45 293 363 Note 4
3 to 3, incl 145 130 12 40 293 363 Note 2
Note 2
over 3 to 8, incl 145 130 12 40 302 388
Note 4
over 8 to 9 ⁄2, incl 145 130 12 40 311 388
2 to 7, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401 Note 2
1 Note 4
over 7 to 9 ⁄2, incl 155 140 11 40 321 415
1 to 6, incl 165 150 10 35 321 415 Note 3
Note 4
over 6 to 8, incl 165 150 10 35 331 429
B24V 3 to 4, incl 145 130 12 40 293 363 Note 1
Note 2
(4340V Mod.) over 4 to 8, incl 145 130 12 40 302 375
over 8 to 11, incl 145 130 12 40 311 388 Note 3
2 to 4, incl 155 140 11 40 311 388 Note 2
Note 3
over 4 to 8, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401
Note 4
over 8 to 11, incl 155 140 11 40 321 415
1 to 4, incl 165 150 10 35 321 415 Note 3
Note 4
over 4 to 8, incl 165 150 10 35 331 429
Note 4
over 8 to 11, incl 165 150 10 35 331 444
A540/A540M − 15 (2021)
TABLE 2 Continued
Grade Class Diameter Tensile Yield Elonga- Reduc- Surface Charpy
Strength, Strength, tion, tion of Brinell V-Notch
min 0.2 % min, % Area, Hardness +10 °F
offset, min, % [−12.2 °C]
min max
min
Metric Units
In 50
mm MPa MPa mm
B21 5 to 50, incl 825 725 15 50 241 285 Note 4
Note 4
(Cr-Mo-V) over 50 to 150, incl 795 690 15 50 248 302
over 150 to 205, incl 795 690 15 50 255 311 Note 4
4 to 75, incl 930 825 13 45 269 331 Note 4
Note 4
over 75 to 150, incl 930 825 13 45 277 352
3 to 75, incl 1000 895 12 40 293 352 Note 4
Note 4
over 75 to 150, incl 1000 895 12 40 302 375
2 to 100, incl 1070 965 11 40 311 401 Note 4
1 to 100, incl 1140 1035 10 35 321 429 Note 4
B22 5 to 50, incl 825 725 15 50 248 293 Note 1
Note 4
(4142-H) over 50 to 100, incl 795 690 15 50 255 302
4 to 25, incl 930 825 13 45 269 341 Note 1
Note 4
over 25 to 100, incl 930 825 13 45 277 363
3 to 50, incl 1000 895 12 40 293 363 Note 4
Note 4
over 50 to 100, incl 1000 895 12 40 302 375
2 to 75, incl 1070 965 11 40 311 401 Note 4
Note 4
1 to 38, incl 1140 1035 10 35 321 401
B23 5 to 150, incl 825 725 15 50 248 311 Note 1
Note 1
(E-4340-H) over 150 to 200 incl 795 690 15 50 255 321
over 200 to 240, incl 795 690 15 50 262 321 Note 4
4 to 75, incl 930 825 13 45 269 341 Note 1
Note 1
over 75 to 150, incl 930 825 13 45 277 352
Note 4
over 150 to 240, incl 930 825 13 45 285 363
3 to 75, incl 1000 895 12 40 293 363
...