ASTM D5414-95(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Horizontal Impact Performance of Load Unitizing Stretch Wrap Films
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Horizontal Impact Performance of Load Unitizing Stretch Wrap Films
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended to be used mainly as a means of comparing the performance of unitizing films. It can also be used to compare the effectiveness of different wrap cycles with the same wrapping materials. No direct correlation between these tests results and actual field performance has been established.
This test method simulates the horizontal impact elements of the distribution environment. Horizontal impacts are encountered in rail car switching and pallet marshalling procedures, both in the warehouse and during the loading and unloading of transport vehicles.
This test method leaves open to the discretion of the user the establishment of test levels and the number of impacts constituting the test so that one might tailor the test to simulate one’particular distribution environment. The section entitled “Element H—Simulated Rail Switching” in Practice D 4169 may provide some guidance in this regard.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to evaluate and compare the ability of stretch-wrap films to survive horizontal impacts in a laboratory simulation.
1.2 The test levels may be varied to represent the mode of shipping and handling used for the unit load under test.
1.3 The methodology of performing the controlled horizontal impacts is described in detail in Test Methods D 4003. This test method will describe only sample preparation and evaluation in the special case of evaluating the performance of film for load unitizing.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5414–95 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Horizontal Impact Performance of Load
Unitizing Stretch Wrap Films
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5414; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.2 shock pulse programmer—adeviceusedtocontrolthe
parameters of the acceleration versus time-shock pulse gener-
1.1 This test method is used to evaluate and compare the
ated by a shock test impact machine.
ability of stretch-wrap films to survive horizontal impacts in a
laboratory simulation.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 The test levels may be varied to represent the mode of
4.1 The horizontal impacts used in this test method are
shipping and handling used for the unit load under test.
programmed shock inputs that represent the hazards as they
1.3 The methodology of performing the controlled horizon-
occur in the shipping and handling environment. The environ-
tal impacts is described in detail in Test Methods D4003. This
mental hazards may include rail switching impacts, pallet
test method will describe only sample preparation and evalu-
marshalling impacts, etc.
ation in the special case of evaluating the performance of film
for load unitizing.
5. Significance and Use
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 This test method is intended to be used mainly as a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
means of comparing the performance of unitizing films. It can
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
also be used to compare the effectiveness of different wrap
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
cycles with the same wrapping materials. No direct correlation
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
between these tests results and actual field performance has
been established.
2. Referenced Documents
5.2 This test method simulates the horizontal impact ele-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ments of the distribution environment. Horizontal impacts are
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
encountered in rail car switching and pallet marshalling pro-
ments
cedures, both in the warehouse and during the loading and
D4003 Test Methods for Programmable Horizontal Impact
unloading of transport vehicles.
Test for Shipping Containers and Systems
5.3 Thistestmethodleavesopentothediscretionoftheuser
D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
the establishment of test levels and the number of impacts
tainers and Systems
constituting the test so that one might tailor the test to simulate
3. Terminology one’s particular distribution environment. The section entitled
“Element H—Simulated Rail Switching” in Practice D4169
3.1 Definitions—General definitions for packaging and dis-
may provide some guidance in this regard.
tribution environments are found in Terminology D996.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6. Apparatus
3.2.1 backload—a duplicate specimen similar to the test
6.1 Load Wrapping Apparatus—A machine or apparatus to
package or weights to simulate the other lading in the transport
wrap the test load. The method of wrap application is prefer-
vehicle.
ably as near as possible to that used in an actual production
situation (stretch wrapper or manual wrapping unit).
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
6.2 Horizontal Impact Test Machine—Refer to Test Meth-
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.25 on Palletizing
ods D4003, paragraph 5.1 and following subparagraphs, for a
and Unitizing of Loads.
complete description.
Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published May 2007. Originally
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D5414 – 95 (2001).
6.3 Instrumentation—Refer to Test Methods D4003, para-
DOI: 10.1520/D5414-95R07.
graph5.3andfollowingsubparagraphs,foracompletedescrip-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tion.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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the ASTM website.
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D5414–95 (2007)
7. Procedure 8.2.4 Weight of each unit and total test load.
8.2.5 Orientation of test load.
7.1 Procedure A—Normal Test Mode:
8.3 Wrap Material:
7.1.1 Prepare the test load.Arrange the units comprising the
8.3.1 Supplier.
test load in layers and stack them on the pallet or slip sheet in
8.3.2 Film thickness.
the normal manner.
8.3.3 Roll width.
7.1.2 Wrap the test load with the unitizing film at a
8.4 Wrap Cycle—Complete description of the w
...
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