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ASTM A598/A598M-02

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Magnetic Properties of Magnetic Amplifier Cores

Standard Test Method for Magnetic Properties of Magnetic Amplifier Cores

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The method of excitation simulates, to a practical degree, the operation of a magnetic core in a self-saturating magnetic amplifier. The properties measured are related to the quality of performance of the cores in magnetic amplifiers and are useful for the specification of materials for such cores.
FIG. 1 Basic Diagram for Magnetic Amplifier Core Test
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the magnetic performance of fully processed cores for magnetic amplifier-type applications.
1.2 Tests may be conducted at excitation frequencies of 60, 400, 1600 Hz, or higher frequencies.
1.3 Permissible core sizes for this test method are limited only by the available power supplies and the range and sensitivity of the instrumentation.
1.4 At specified values of full-wave sinusoidal-current excitation, Hmax, this test method provides procedures of determining the corresponding value of maximum induction, Bmax.
1.5 At specified values of half-wave sinusoidal-current excitation, this test method provides procedures for determining the residual induction, Br.
1.6 At increased specified values of half-wave sinusoidal-current excitation, this test method provides procedures for determining the dc reverse biasing magnetic field strength, H1, required to reset the induction in the core material past Br to a value where the total induction change, ΔB1, becomes approximately one third of the induction change, 2 Bp. It also provides procedures for determining the additional dc reset magnetic field strength, ΔH, which, combined with H1, is the value required to reset the induction in the core material past B r to a value where the total induction change, Δ B2, becomes approximately two thirds of the induction change 2 Bp
1.7 This test method specifies procedures for determining core gain from the corresponding biasing and induction changes, ΔH and ΔB.
1.8 This test method covers test procedures and requirements for evaluation of finished cores which are to be used in magnetic-amplifier-type applications. It is not a test for basic-material magnetic properties.
1.9 This test method shall be used in conjunction with Practice A 34/A 34.
1.10 Explanations of symbols and abbreviated definitions appear in the text of this test method. The official symbols and definitions are listed in Terminology A 340.
1.11 The values and equations stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within this test method, SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this test method.
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Oct-2002
ICS
29.100.10 - Magnetic components
Technical Committee
A06 - Magnetic Properties
Drafting Committee
A06.01 - Test Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM A598-92(1997) - Standard Test Method for Magnetic Properties Of Magnetic Amplifier Cores
Effective Date
10-Oct-2002
Replaced By
ASTM A598/A598M-02(2007) - Standard Test Method for Magnetic Properties of Magnetic Amplifier Cores
Effective Date
01-May-2007

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ASTM A598/A598M-02 - Standard Test Method for Magnetic Properties of Magnetic Amplifier CoresASTM A598/A598M-02 - Standard Test Method for Magnetic Properties of Magnetic Amplifier Cores
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ASTM A598/A598M-02 - Standard Test Method for Magnetic Properties of Magnetic Amplifier Cores
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 598/A 598M – 02
Standard Test Method for
1
Magnetic Properties of Magnetic Amplifier Cores
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA598/A598M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope magnetic-amplifier-type applications. It is not a test for basic-
material magnetic properties.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mag-
1.9 This test method shall be used in conjunction with
netic performance of fully processed cores for magnetic
Practice A34/A34.
amplifier-type applications.
1.10 Explanations of symbols and abbreviated definitions
1.2 Tests may be conducted at excitation frequencies of 60,
appear in the text of this test method. The official symbols and
400, 1600 Hz, or higher frequencies.
definitions are listed in Terminology A340.
1.3 Permissible core sizes for this test method are limited
1.11 Thevaluesandequationsstatedincustomary(cgs-emu
only by the available power supplies and the range and
and inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately as
sensitivity of the instrumentation.
standard. Within this test method, SI units are shown in
1.4 At specified values of full-wave sinusoidal-current ex-
brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact
citation, H , this test method provides procedures of deter-
max
equivalents;therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependently
mining the corresponding value of maximum induction, B .
max
of the other. Combining values from the two systems may
1.5 At specified values of half-wave sinusoidal-current ex-
result in nonconformance with this test method.
citation, this test method provides procedures for determining
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the residual induction, B .
r
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.6 At increased specified values of half-wave sinusoidal-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
current excitation, this test method provides procedures for
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
determining the dc reverse biasing magnetic field strength, H ,
1
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
required to reset the induction in the core material past B to a
r
valuewherethetotalinductionchange, DB ,becomesapproxi-
1
2. Referenced Documents
mately one third of the induction change, 2 B . It also provides
p
2.1 ASTM Standards:
procedures for determining the additional dc reset magnetic
A34/A34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Test-
field strength, DH, which, combined with H , is the value
1
2
ing of Magnetic Materials
required to reset the induction in the core material past B to a
r
A340 Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to
valuewherethetotalinductionchange, DB ,becomesapproxi-
2
2
Magnetic Testing
mately two thirds of the induction change 2 B .
p
A596/A596M Test Method for Direct-Current Magnetic
1.7 This test method specifies procedures for determining
Properties of Materials Using the Ballistic Method and
core gain from the corresponding biasing and induction
2
Ring Specimens
changes, DH and DB.
1.8 This test method covers test procedures and require-
3. Terminology
ments for evaluation of finished cores which are to be used in
3.1 Definitions— Below is a list of symbols and definitions
as used in this test method. The official list of symbols and
1 definitions may be found in Terminology A340. (See Table 1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on
where indicated).
MagneticPropertiesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA06.01onTest
Methods.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2002. Published November 2002. Originally
2
published as A 598–69. Last previous edition A 598–92 (1997). Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.04.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A 598/A 598M – 02
TABLE 1 Standard Values ofDB,DB , andDB for the Commonly Used Materials
1 2
DB (for Test of 10.5) DB (for Test of 10.4) DB or
1 2
A (DB − DB )
2 1
Core Material
kG Tesla kG Tesla kG Tesla
Supermendur 14 1.4 28 2.8 14 1.4
Oriented silicon-iron 10 1.0 20 2.0 10 1.0
50 % nickel-iron:
Oriented 10 1.0 20 2.0 10 1.0
Nonoriented 8 0.8 16 1.6 8 0.8
79 % nickel-iron 5 0.5 10 1.0 5 0.5
Supermalloy 5 0.5 10 1.0 5 0.5
A
Values for other materials may be used by mutual agreement between seller and purchaser.
3.2 Symbols:
DH = change in dc biasing (reset) magnetic field
strength, Oe [A/m].
N = test winding primary, ac excitation winding,
1
A = cross-sectional a
...

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5.1 The method of excitation simulates, to a practical degree, the operation of a magnetic core in a self-saturating magnetic amplifier. The properties measured are related to the quality of performance of the cores in magnetic amplifiers and are useful for the specification of materials for such cores.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the magnetic performance of fully processed cores for magnetic amplifier-type applications.  
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1.7 This test method specifies procedures for determining core gain from the corresponding biasing and induction changes, ΔH and ΔB.  
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FIG. 1 Basic Circuit Using Ring-Type Cores  
Note 1:  
A1—Multirange ammeter, main-magnetizing current circuit
A2—Multirange ammeter, hysteresis-current circuit
N1—Magnetizing (primary) winding
N2—Flux-sensing (secondary) winding
F—Electronic integrator
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1.7 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm ) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
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1.3 This test method covers tests for two general categories (1 and 2) of cores based on size and application.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers technically important, commercially available, magnetically hard sintered and fully dense neodymium iron boron (Nd2Fe14B, NdFeB, or “Neo”) permanent magnets. These materials are available in a wide range of compositions with a commensurately large range of magnetic properties. The numbers in the Nd2Fe14B name indicate the approximate atomic ratio of the key elements.  
1.2 Neodymium iron boron magnets have approximate magnetic properties of residual magnetic induction, Br, from 1.08 T (10 800 G) up to 1.5 T (15 000 G) and intrinsic coercive field strength, HcJ, of 875 kA/m (11 000 Oe) to above 2785 kA/m (35 000 Oe). Special grades and isotropic (un-aligned) magnets can have properties outside these ranges (see Appendix X4). Specific magnetic hysteresis behavior (demagnetization curve) can be characterized using Test Method A977/A977M.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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ASTM
ASTM A598/A598M-02(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Magnetic Properties of Magnetic Amplifier Cores

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The method of excitation simulates, to a practical degree, the operation of a magnetic core in a self-saturating magnetic amplifier. The properties measured are related to the quality of performance of the cores in magnetic amplifiers and are useful for the specification of materials for such cores.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the magnetic performance of fully processed cores for magnetic amplifier-type applications.  
1.2 Tests may be conducted at excitation frequencies of 60 Hz, 400 Hz, 1600 Hz, or higher frequencies.  
1.3 Permissible core sizes for this test method are limited only by the available power supplies and the range and sensitivity of the instrumentation.  
1.4 At specified values of full-wave sinusoidal-current excitation, Hmax, this test method provides procedures of determining the corresponding value of maximum induction, Bmax.  
1.5 At specified values of half-wave sinusoidal-current excitation, this test method provides procedures for determining the residual induction, Br.  
1.6 At increased specified values of half-wave sinusoidal-current excitation, this test method provides procedures for determining the dc reverse biasing magnetic field strength, H1, required to reset the induction in the core material past Br to a value where the total induction change, ΔB1, becomes approximately one third of the induction change, 2 Bp. It also provides procedures for determining the additional dc reset magnetic field strength, ΔH, which, combined with H1, is the value required to reset the induction in the core material past Br to a value where the total induction change, ΔB2, becomes approximately two thirds of the induction change 2 Bp.  
1.7 This test method specifies procedures for determining core gain from the corresponding biasing and induction changes, ΔH and ΔB.  
1.8 This test method covers test procedures and requirements for evaluation of finished cores which are to be used in magnetic-amplifier-type applications. It is not a test for basic-material magnetic properties.  
1.9 This test method shall be used in conjunction with Practice A34/A34M.  
1.10 Explanations of symbols and abbreviated definitions appear in the text of this test method. The official symbols and definitions are listed in Terminology A340.  
1.11 The values and equations stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within this test method, SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this test method.  
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.13 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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