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ASTM G67-99

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion of 5XXX Series Aluminum Alloys by Mass Loss After Exposure to Nitric Acid (NAMLT Test)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion of 5XXX Series Aluminum Alloys by Mass Loss After Exposure to Nitric Acid (NAMLT Test)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for constant immersion intergranular corrosion testing of 5XXX series aluminum alloys.  
1.2 This test method is applicable only to wrought products.  
1.3 This test method covers type of specimen, specimen preparation, test environment, and method of exposure.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Aug-1999
ICS
77.120.10 - Aluminium and aluminium alloys
Technical Committee
G01 - Corrosion of Metals
Drafting Committee
G01.05 - Laboratory Corrosion Tests
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM G67-04 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion of 5XXX Series Aluminum Alloys by Mass Loss After Exposure to Nitric Acid (NAMLT Test) (Withdrawn 2013)
Effective Date
01-May-2004
Referred By
ASTM G110-92(2022)e2 - Standard Practice for Evaluating Intergranular Corrosion Resistance of Heat Treatable Aluminum Alloys by Immersion in Sodium Chloride + Hydrogen Peroxide Solution
Effective Date
10-Aug-1999
Referred By
ASTM B928/B928M-15 - Standard Specification for High Magnesium Aluminum-Alloy Products for Marine Service and Similar Environments
Effective Date
10-Aug-1999
Referred By
ASTM G31-21 - Standard Guide for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals
Effective Date
10-Aug-1999

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ASTM G67-99 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion of 5XXX Series Aluminum Alloys by Mass Loss After Exposure to Nitric Acid (NAMLT Test)ASTM G67-99 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion of 5XXX Series Aluminum Alloys by Mass Loss After Exposure to Nitric Acid (NAMLT Test)
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ASTM G67-99 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion of 5XXX Series Aluminum Alloys by Mass Loss After Exposure to Nitric Acid (NAMLT Test)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: G 67 – 99
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion of
5XXX Series Aluminum Alloys by Mass Loss After Exposure
to Nitric Acid (NAMLT Test)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 67; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope continuous network along grain boundaries, the effect of the
preferential attack is to corrode around the grains, causing
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for constant
them to fall away from the specimens. Such dropping out of the
immersion intergranular corrosion testing of 5XXX series
grains causes relatively large mass losses of the order of 25 to
aluminum alloys.
2 2
75 mg/cm (160 to 480 mg/in ), whereas, samples of
1.2 This test method is applicable only to wrought products.
intergranular-resistant materials lose only about 1 to 15 mg/
1.3 This test method covers type of specimen, specimen
2 2
cm (10 to 100 mg/in ). When the bAl-Mg compound is
preparation, test environment, and method of exposure.
randomly distributed, the preferential attack can result in
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
intermediate mass losses. Metallographic examination is re-
standard.
quired in such cases to establish whether or not the loss in mass
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
is the result of intergranular attack.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 The precipitation of the second phase in the grain
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
boundaries also gives rise to intergranular corrosion when the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
material is exposed to chloride-containing natural environ-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ments, such as seacoast atmospheres or sea water. The extent to
2. Referenced Documents which the alloy will be susceptible to intergranular corrosion
depends upon the degree of precipitate continuity in the grain
2.1 ASTM Standards:
boundaries. Visible manifestations of the attack may be in
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
various forms such as pitting, exfoliation, or stress-corrosion
G 1 Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Cor-
cracking, depending upon the morphology of the grain struc-
rosion Test Specimens
ture and the presence of sustained tensile stress.
3. Summary of Test Method
5. Interferences
3.1 This test method consists of immersing test specimens
5.1 If all loose particles are not removed during cleaning
in concentrated nitric acid at 30°C (86°F) for 24 h and
after exposure, the mass loss will be low relative to the amount
determining the mass loss per unit area as a measure of
of corrosion that actually occurred.
susceptibility to intergranular corrosion.
6. Apparatus
4. Significance and Use
6.1 Nonmetallic Container—A suitable inert, nonmetallic
4.1 This test method provides a quantitative measure of the
container should be used to contain the nitric acid and
susceptibility to intergranular corrosion of Al-Mg and Al-
specimens during the period of the test. The use of individual
Mg-Mn alloys. The nitric acid dissolves a second phase, an
beakers for each specimen is recommended; however, the
aluminum-magnesium intermetallic compound (bAl-Mg), in
immersion of multiple specimens in the same container is
preference to the solid solution of magnesium in the aluminum
acceptable.
matrix. When this compound is precipitated in a relatively
6.1.1 The specimens should be situated in the container so
that none of the major surfaces is in total contact with the walls
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G-1 on
of the container. Also, specimens should be isolated electrically
Corrosion of Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.05 on
from one another. A recommended method of positioning the
Laboratory Corrosion Tests. This method was developed by a joint task group with
The Aluminum Association, Inc.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 1999. Published October 1999. Originally
published as G 67 – 80. Last previous edition G 67 – 93. Craig, H. L. Jr., “Nitric Acid Weight Loss Test for the H116 and H117 Tempers
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. of 5086 and 5456 Aluminum Alloys,” Localized Corrosion—Cause of Metal
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02. Failure, ASTM STP 516, ASTM, pp. 17–37, 1972.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
G67
specimens is to incline them so that the edges rest on the 11.7 Remove the specimens, and rinse with water while
bottom and side wall of the container. brushing with a stiff plastic bristle brush, for example, a
6.1.2 The container should have a loose fitting cover to toothbrush, to remove all adhering particles. Allow to air dry.
reduce evaporation and to confine any fumes evolved by the 11.8 Weigh the specimens and determine mass losses to no
acid. more than 6 1.0 mg, preferably 0.1 mg. Reclean to obtain a
constant weight in accordance with Practice G 1.
7. Reagents 11.9 Calculate the mass losses per unit area and express as
mg/cm to the nearest whole number.
7.1 Purity of Reagents—The nitri
...

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ASTM G67-24(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion of 5XXX Series Aluminum Alloys by Mass Loss After Exposure to Nitric Acid (NAMLT Test)

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4.1 This test method provides a quantitative measure of the susceptibility to intergranular corrosion of Al-Mg and Al-Mg-Mn alloys. The nitric acid dissolves a second phase, an aluminum-magnesium intermetallic compound (βAl-Mg), in preference to the solid solution of magnesium in the aluminum matrix. When this compound is precipitated in a relatively continuous network along grain boundaries, the effect of the preferential attack is to corrode around the grains, causing them to fall away from the specimens. Such dropping out of the grains causes relatively large mass losses of the order of 25 mg/cm2  to 75 mg/cm2  (160 mg/in.2 to 480 mg/in.2), whereas, samples of intergranular-resistant materials lose only about 1 mg/cm2 to 15 mg/cm2 (10 mg/in.2 to 100 mg/in.2). When the βAl-Mg compound is randomly distributed, the preferential attack can result in intermediate mass losses. Metallographic examination is required in such cases to establish whether or not the loss in mass is the result of intergranular attack.  
4.2 The precipitation of the second phase in the grain boundaries also gives rise to intergranular corrosion when the material is exposed to chloride-containing natural environments, such as seacoast atmospheres or sea water. The extent to which the alloy will be susceptible to intergranular corrosion depends upon the degree of precipitate continuity in the grain boundaries. Visible manifestations of the attack may be in various forms such as pitting, exfoliation, or stress-corrosion cracking, depending upon the morphology of the grain structure and the presence of sustained tensile stress.3
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1.1 This test method, also known as the Nitric Acid Mass Loss Test (NAMLT), covers a procedure for constant immersion intergranular corrosion testing of 5XXX series aluminum alloys.  
1.2 This test method is applicable only to wrought products.  
1.3 This test method covers type of specimen, specimen preparation, test environment, and method of exposure.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM G103-97(2023)e1(Practice)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is normally used for stress-corrosion screening for the development of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys containing less than 0.26 % copper. Effects on stress-corrosion resistance due to variables such as composition, thermo-mechanical processing, other fabrication variables, and magnitude of applied stress may be compared.  
4.2 For a given mechanical method of stressing, the relative stress-corrosion resistance of the low copper Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys in atmospheric exposure correlates better with performance in boiling 6 % sodium chloride solution than with other accelerated testing media (7-9). In addition, this practice is relatively rapid.  
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4.3.1 For 7XXX series alloys containing between 0.26 % and 1.2 % copper, there is no general agreement as to whether this practice or Practice G44 correlates better with stress-corrosion resistance in service (5-8, 10).
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1.1 This practice primarily covers the test medium which may be used with a variety of test specimens and methods of applying stress. Exposure times, criteria of failure, and so on, are variable and not specified.  
1.2 This stress-corrosion testing practice is intended for statically loaded smooth non-welded or welded specimens of 7XXX series Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys containing less than 0.26 % copper.  
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4.1 Although there are ASTM test methods for exfoliation testing, they concentrate on specific procedures for test methodology itself. Existent test methods do not discuss material variables that can affect performance. Likewise they do not address the need to establish the suitability of an accelerated test for alloys never previously tested nor the need to correlate results of accelerated tests with tests in outdoor atmospheres and with end-use performance.  
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4.1 This practice is especially useful for evaluating the adequacy of quenching when performed on material in the as-quenched condition. The practice may also be used to study the effect of subsequent thermal processes (for example, paint or bonding cures) or of actual precipitation treatments on the inherent type of corrosion. Intergranular corrosion resistance of heat treatable aluminum alloys is often directly related to the quenching conditions applied after solution heat treatment and to the subsequent aging treatment.4  
4.2 This practice is not well suited for non-heat treatable work hardening aluminum alloys, such as the 1XXX, 3XXX, and 5XXX series (see Test Method G67).  
4.3 This practice does not deal with the interpretation of resulting intergranular corrosion. The significance of the extent and depth of any intergranular corrosion resulting from this test is to be agreed upon between producer and user.
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1.2 This practice is intended for evaluations during alloy development and for evaluating production where it may serve as a control test on the quality of successive lots of the same material (see MIL-H-6088 and U.S. Federal Test Method Std. 151b). Therefore strict test conditions are stipulated for maximum assurance that variations in results are attributable to lot-to-lot differences in the material being tested.
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1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measurement of the corrosion potential (see Note 1) of an aluminum alloy in an aqueous solution of sodium chloride with enough hydrogen peroxide added to provide an ample supply of cathodic reactant.
Note 1: The corrosion potential is sometimes referred to as the open-circuit solution or rest potential. See Terminology G193.  
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4.1 HIP of castings should be performed in the as cast condition. Post HIP inspection of castings should result in a reduction of porosity that is evident in x-ray grade and properties.  
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1.1 This guide covers requirements for hot isostatic pressing (HIP) of aluminum alloy castings. HIPing is a process in which components are subjected to the simultaneous application of heat and high pressure in an inert gas medium. The process is to be used for the reduction of internal (non-surface connected) porosity. The document is to describe the general parameters of the HIP process, describe certification procedures and a description that the process has been followed. It is not intended to be a description of a heat treating procedure. This is not meant to supersede an end user’s specification where one exists.2  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM G67-24(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion of 5XXX Series Aluminum Alloys by Mass Loss After Exposure to Nitric Acid (NAMLT Test)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a quantitative measure of the susceptibility to intergranular corrosion of Al-Mg and Al-Mg-Mn alloys. The nitric acid dissolves a second phase, an aluminum-magnesium intermetallic compound (βAl-Mg), in preference to the solid solution of magnesium in the aluminum matrix. When this compound is precipitated in a relatively continuous network along grain boundaries, the effect of the preferential attack is to corrode around the grains, causing them to fall away from the specimens. Such dropping out of the grains causes relatively large mass losses of the order of 25 mg/cm2  to 75 mg/cm2  (160 mg/in.2 to 480 mg/in.2), whereas, samples of intergranular-resistant materials lose only about 1 mg/cm2 to 15 mg/cm2 (10 mg/in.2 to 100 mg/in.2). When the βAl-Mg compound is randomly distributed, the preferential attack can result in intermediate mass losses. Metallographic examination is required in such cases to establish whether or not the loss in mass is the result of intergranular attack.  
4.2 The precipitation of the second phase in the grain boundaries also gives rise to intergranular corrosion when the material is exposed to chloride-containing natural environments, such as seacoast atmospheres or sea water. The extent to which the alloy will be susceptible to intergranular corrosion depends upon the degree of precipitate continuity in the grain boundaries. Visible manifestations of the attack may be in various forms such as pitting, exfoliation, or stress-corrosion cracking, depending upon the morphology of the grain structure and the presence of sustained tensile stress.3
SCOPE
1.1 This test method, also known as the Nitric Acid Mass Loss Test (NAMLT), covers a procedure for constant immersion intergranular corrosion testing of 5XXX series aluminum alloys.  
1.2 This test method is applicable only to wrought products.  
1.3 This test method covers type of specimen, specimen preparation, test environment, and method of exposure.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers the requirements relating to rinsed and non-rinsed non-hexavalent chromium conversion coatings on aluminum and aluminum alloys intended to retard corrosion; as a base for organic films including paints, plastics, and adhesives; and as.a protective coating having a low electrical contact impedance. Coatings are categorized into four classes according to corrosion protection and finish. The type of conversion coating depends on the composition of the solution and may also be affected by pH, temperature, duration of the treatment, and the nature and surface condition. Films are normally applied by dipping, but may also be applied by inundation, spraying, roller coating, or by wipe-on techniques. Coatings shall adhere to specified electrical resistance, adhesion, and corrosion resistance requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements relating to rinsed and non-rinsed non-hexavalent chromium conversion coatings on aluminum and aluminum alloys intended to give protection against corrosion and as a base for other coatings.  
1.2 Aluminum and aluminum alloys are conversion coated in order to retard corrosion; as a base for organic films including paints, plastics, and adhesives; and as a protective coating having a low electrical contact impedance.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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