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ASTM A995/A995M-98(2007)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts

Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts

ABSTRACT
This specification covers austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts. The grades of steels covered here are: Grade 1B, Grade 2A, Grade 3A, Grade 4A, Grade 5A, and Grade 6A. The steel castings shall be heat-treated up to required temperature and shall undergo water quenching or rapid cooling by other means after heating. Heat and product analyses shall be performed wherein specimens shall conform to required chemical composition of carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, copper, tungsten, and nitrogen. All steels shall undergo tension test, and shall conform to the following mechanical requirements: tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts.
1.2 The duplex stainless steels offer a combination of enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance when properly balanced in composition and properly heat treated. Ferrite levels are not specified, but these grades will develop a range of approximately 30 to 60 % ferrite with the balance austenite. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished depending on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and corrosion-resistant characteristics.
Note 1- Because of the possibility of precipitation of embrittling phases, the grades included in this specification are not recommended for service at temperatures above 600°F [315°C].
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2007
ICS
77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.18 - Castings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM A995/A995M-98(2003) - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Effective Date
01-Nov-2007
Replaced By
ASTM A995/A995M-09 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Referred By
ASTM F998-12(2022) - Standard Specification for Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use
Effective Date
01-Nov-2007
Referred By
ASTM A985/A985M-21 - Standard Specification for Steel Investment Castings General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Effective Date
01-Nov-2007
Referred By
ASTM A351/A351M-18e1 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Effective Date
01-Nov-2007
Referred By
ASTM A488/A488M-18e2 - Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and Personnel
Effective Date
01-Nov-2007
Referred By
ASTM A703/A703M-20a - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Effective Date
01-Nov-2007

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ASTM A995/A995M-98(2007) - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing PartsASTM A995/A995M-98(2007) - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
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ASTM A995/A995M-98(2007) - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 995/A 995M – 98 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Specification for
Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for
1
Pressure-Containing Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 995/A 995M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
TABLE 1 Heat Treatment Requirements
1. Scope
Grade Heat Treatment
1.1 This specification covers austenitic-ferritic (duplex)
1B Heat to 1900°F [1040°C] minimum, hold for sufficient time to heat
stainless steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other
casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or rapid cool by
pressure-containing parts.
other means.
1.2 The duplex stainless steels offer a combination of
2A Heat to 2050°F [1120°C] minimum, hold for sufficient time to heat
casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or rapid cool by
enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance when
other means.
properly balanced in composition and properly heat treated.
3A Heat to 1950°F [1070°C] minimum, hold for sufficient time to heat
Ferrite levels are not specified, but these grades will develop a
casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or rapid cool by
other means.
range of approximately 30 to 60 % ferrite with the balance
4A Heat to 2050°F [1120°C] minimum for sufficient time to heat casting
austenite. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine
uniformly to temperature and water quench, or the casting may be
which grade shall be furnished depending on design and furnace cooled to 1850°F [1010°C] minimum, hold for 15 min
minimum and then water quench. A rapid cool by other means may
service conditions, mechanical properties, and corrosion-
be employed in lieu of water quench.
resistant characteristics.
5A Heat to 2050°F [1120°C] minimum, hold for sufficient time to heat
casting to temperature, furnace cool to 1910°F [1045°C] minimum,
NOTE 1—Because of the possibility of precipitation of embrittling
quench in water or rapid cool by other means.
phases, the grades included in this specification are not recommended for
6A Heat to 2010°F [1100°C] minimum, hold for sufficient time to heat
service at temperatures above 600°F [315°C].
casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or cool rapidly by
other means.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
E 562 Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction by
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
Systematic Manual Point Count
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
3. Terminology
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
cation.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 duplex stainless steel—an iron-chromium-nickel-
2. Referenced Documents
molybdenum alloy which when properly heat treated consists
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of approximately 30 to 60 % ferrite with the balance austenite.
A 488/A 488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Quali-
4. General Conditions for Delivery
fications of Procedures and Personnel
A 703/A 703M Specification for Steel Castings, General
4.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to
Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
the applicable requirements of Specification A 703/A 703M,
E 125 Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indica-
including the supplementary requirements that are indicated on
tions on Ferrous Castings
the purchaser order. Failure to comply with the general
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
requirements of Specification A 703/A 703M constitutes non-
conformance with this specification. In case of conflict be-
tween the requirements of the specification and Specification
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
A 703/A 703M, this specification shall prevail.
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.18 on Castings.
5. Ordering Information
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published December 2007. Originally
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A 995 – 98 (2003).
5.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
specification. Such requirements may included, but are not
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summ
...

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ABSTRACT
This specification covers low-alloy steel and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered conditions, suitable for pressure-containing parts. All castings shall receive the specified heat treatment requirement: austenitizing temperature, medium, quenching cool, and tempering temperature. Preliminary heat treatment and multiple tempering are permitted. Recording-type pyrometers shall be used to control the furnace temperature. The steel shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, boron, and copper. Residual elements include: copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium. Tensile properties of the steel shall conform to the requirements for tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, hardness, and maximum thickness. Product analysis tolerance is specified. Repair by welding may be done.
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ASTM
Designation  
Title of Specification  
A27/A27M  
Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application  
A128/A128M  
Steel Castings, Austenitic Manganese  
A148/A148M  
Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes  
A297/A297M  
Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application  
A447/A447M  
Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service  
A494/A494M  
Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy  
A560/A560M  
Castings, Chromium-Nickel Alloy  
A743/A743M  
Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application  
A744/A744M  
Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service  
A747/A747M  
Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening  
A890/A890M  
Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application    
A915/A915M  
Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades  
A958/A958M  
Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile Requirements, Chemical Requirements Similiar to Standard Wrought Grades  
A1002  
Castings, Nickel-Aluminum Ordered Alloy  
1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementary requirements that may be applied to the above specifications as indicated therein. These are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired and apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.  
1.3 The requirements of the individual material specification and this general specification shall prevail in the sequence named.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Technical specification
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ASTM
ASTM A447/A447M-11(2021)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers iron-base, heat-resisting alloy castings, intended for structural elements, containers, and supports in electric furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar applications. The alloys shall be electric-furnace processed and heat treated. The castings shall conform to the required chemical compositions of nickel, chromium, carbon, nitrogen, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and iron. The specimens shall undergo tension test after aging and short-time high-temperature tension test and shall conform to the required values of tensile strength and elongation. A stress-rupture test shall also be performed wherein the specimens shall conform to the required values of tensile stress. The specimen shall also conform to the required values of magnetic permeability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers iron-base, heat-resisting alloy castings of the 25 % chromium, 12 % nickel class, intended for structural elements, containers, and supports in electric furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar applications up to 2000 °F [1095 °C].  
1.2 In the absence of significant proportions of elements other than those prescribed in Section 5, the two types of alloys covered by this specification may in general be distinguished as follows:  
1.2.1 Type I—Alloys characterized by relatively low limiting creep stress at temperatures between 1500 and 2000 °F [815 and 1095 °C], and relatively high ductility at ordinary temperatures after aging for short periods at temperatures between 1300 and 1500 °F [705 and 815 °C].  
1.2.2 Type II—Alloys having relatively high limiting creep stress but which may develop low ductility at ordinary temperatures when aged for short periods at temperatures between 1350 and 1500 °F [730 and 815 °C].  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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