ASTM A352/A352M-93(1998)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for low-temperature service.
1.2 Several grades of ferritic steels and one grade of martensitic steel are covered. Selection of analysis will depend on design and service conditions (Note). The temperature shown is the lowest temperature at which the material ordinarily is required to meet the impact requirements of this specification (see Supplementary Requirement S22, Impact Test Temperatures). Users should note that hardenability of some of the grades mentioned may restrict the maximum size at which the required mechanical properties are obtainable (see Appendix X1).Grade Usual Minimum Testing Temperatures, °F[°C]LCA 25 [-32]LCB 50 [-46]LCC 50 [-46]LC1 75 [-59]LC2 100 [-73]LC2-1100 [-73]LC3 150 [-101]LC4 175 [-115]LC9(J31300) 320 [-196]CA6NM100 [73]
Note 1—This specification covers the low-temperature requirements particularly pertinent for ferritic and martensitic steels. Certain of the grades of austenitic steel castings furnished in accordance with Specification A 351/A 351M have been found suitable for low-temperature service down to 300°F [184°C] and others down to 425°F [254°C]. These grades may be used when impact tested in accordance with Specification A 352/A 352M with energy levels and temperatures of test mutually agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer. As a guide to the selection of energy levels and testing temperatures, should be consulted.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. Inch-pound units are applicable for material ordered to Specification A 352 and SI units for material ordered to Specification A 352M.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
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An American National Standard
Designation: A 352/A 352M – 93 (Reapproved 1998)
Standard Specification for
Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-
Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 352/A 352M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
1.1 This specification covers steel castings for valves,
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
primarily for low-temperature service.
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
1.2 Several grades of ferritic steels and one grade of
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
martensitic steel are covered. Selection of analysis will depend
cation. Inch-pound units are applicable for material ordered to
on design and service conditions (Note). The temperature
Specification A 352 and SI units for material ordered to
shown is the lowest temperature at which the material ordi-
Specification A 352M.
narily is required to meet the impact requirements of this
specification (see Supplementary Requirement S22, Impact
2. Referenced Documents
Test Temperatures). Users should note that hardenability of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
some of the grades mentioned may restrict the maximum size
A 351/A351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic, Aus-
at which the required mechanical properties are obtainable (see
tenitic–Ferritic (Duplex), for Pressure–Containing Parts
Appendix X1).
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
Usual Minimum Testing
of Steel Products
Grade Temperatures, °F[°C]
LCA −25 [–32]
A 488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Quali-
LCB −50 [–46] 3
fications of Procedures and Personnel
LCC −50 [–46]
A 703/A703M Specification for Steel Castings, General
LC1 −75 [–59]
LC2 −100 [–73]
Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
LC2–1 −100 [–73]
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
LC3 −150 [–101]
E 709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination
LC4 −175 [–115]
LC9 (J31300) −320 [–196]
2.2 Manufacturers’ Standardization Society of the Valve
CA6NM −100 [−73]
and Fittings Industry Standard:
NOTE 1—This specification covers the low-temperature requirements
SP-55 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves,
particularly pertinent for ferritic and martensitic steels. Certain of the
Flanges, and Fittings and Other Piping Components (Vi-
grades of austenitic steel castings furnished in accordance with Specifi-
sual Method)
cation A 351/A 351M have been found suitable for low-temperature
service down to −300°F [−184°C] and others down to −425°F [−254°C].
3. General Conditions for Delivery
These grades may be used when impact tested in accordance with
3.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to
Specification A 352/A 352M with energy levels and temperatures of test
mutually agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer. As a the requirements of Specification A 703/A 703M including any
guide to the selection of energy levels and testing temperatures, Appendix
supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase
X1 should be consulted.
order. Failure to comply with the general requirements of
Specification A 703/A 703M constitutes nonconformance with
this specification. In case of conflict between the requirements
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.18 on Castings. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 1993. Published April 1994. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
published as A 352 – 52 T. Last previous edition A 352/A 352M – 92. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
2 6
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi- Available from Manufacturers’ Standardization Society of the Valve and
cation SA-352, in Section II of that Code. Fittings Industry, 127 Park St., North East Vienna, VA 22180.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 352/A 352M – 93 (1998)
of this specification and Specification A 703/A 703M, this 7.2.2 The notched bar impact test shall be made in accor-
specification shall prevail. dance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
7.2.3 Impact test specimens shall be machined to the form
4. Ordering Information
and dimensions shown in Test Methods and Definitions A 370,
4.1 The inquiry and order should include or indicate the
Type A, Charpy V-Notch specimens, Fig. 11.
following:
4.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number or
8. Quality
drawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on the
8.1 The surface of the casting shall be examined visually
casting drawing),
and shall be free of adhering sand, scale, cracks, and hot tears.
4.1.2 Grade of steel,
Other surface discontinuities shall meet the visual acceptance
4.1.3 Options in the specification, and
standards specified in the order. Visual Method SP-55 or other
4.1.4 The supplementary requirements desired, including
visual standards may be used to define acceptable surface
the standards of acceptance.
discontinuities and finish. Unacceptable visual surface discon-
tinuities shall be removed and their removal verified by visual
5. Heat Treatment
examination of the resultant cavities. When methods involving
5.1 All castings shall receive a heat treatment proper to their
high temperature are used in the removal of discontinuities,
design and chemical composition. It should be recognized that
castings shall be preheated to at least the minimum tempera-
liquid quenching of the ferritic grades is normally required to
tures in Table 2.
meet the mechanical properties of heavier sections and will
8.2 When additional inspection is desired, Supplementary
greatly enhance the low-temperature properties of thinner
Requirements S4, S5, and S10, may be ordered.
sections.
8.3 The castings shall not be peened, plugged, or impreg-
5.2 Ferritic castings shall be furnished in the normalized and
nated to stop leaks.
tempered or liquid-quenched and tempered condition, except
for Grade LC9 (J31300), which shall be liquid-quenched and
9. Repair by Welding
tempered. Castings shall be tempered at a minimum of 1100°F
[590°C], except Grade LC4, which shall be 1050°F [565°C],
9.1 Repairs shall be made using procedures and welders in
and Grade LC9 (J31300), which shall be tempered in the range
accordance with Practice A 488/A 488M.
of 1050 to 1175°F [565 to 635°C], followed by cooling in air
9.2 Welding of Grade LC9 (J31300) shall be accomplished
or liquid.
using nonmagnetic filler material of AWS classification
5.3 CA6NM castings shall be heat-treated by heating to
ENiCrFe-2, and shall require liquid penetrant inspection of the
1850°F [1010°C] minimum, and air cooling to 200°F [95°C]
weld (Supplementary Requirement S6) when magnetic particle
maximum before any optional intermediate temper, but shall
inspection (Supplementary Requirement S4) is specified for the
cool to 100°F [40°C] maximum before the final temper, which
casting.
shall be between 1050 and 1150°F [565 and 620°C].
9.3 Weld repairs shall be inspected to the same quality
5.4 Castings shall be allowed to cool below the transforma-
standards that are used to inspect the castings. When castings
tion range directly after pouring and solidification before they
are produced with Supplementary Requirement S4 specified,
are reheated for normalizing or liquid quenching.
weld repairs shall be inspected by magnetic particle examina-
5.5 Temperature Control—Furnace temperature for heat
tion to the same standards that are used to inspect the castings.
treating shall be controlled by use of pyrometers.
When castings are produced with Supplementary Requirement
S5 specified, weld repairs on castings that have leaked on
6. Chemical Composition
hydrostatic tests, or on castings in which the depth of any
6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to
cavity prepared for repair welding exceeds 20 % of the wall
chemical composition for the grade ordered as specified in
thickness or 1 in. [25 mm] whichever is smaller, or on castings
Table 1.
in which any cavity prepared for welding is greater than
2 2
approximately 10 in. [65 cm shall be radiographed to the same
7. Mechanical Requirements
standards that are used to inspect the castings.
7.1 Tension Test:
9.4 Castings containing any repair weld that exceeds 20 %
7.1.1 Tensile properties of steel used for the castings shall
of the wall thickness, or 1 in. (25 mm), whichever is smaller,
conform to the requirements specified in Table 1.
2 2
or that exceeds approximately 10 in. (65 cm ) in area, or that
7.2 Impact Test:
was made to correct hydrostatic test defects shall be stress
7.2.1 The notched bar impact properties of the material shall
relieved or heat treated after welding. This mandatory stress
be determined by testing a set of three Charpy V-notch impact
relief or heat treatment shall be in accordance with the
specimens for each heat at one of the standard test temperatures
procedure qualification used. When stress relief is required for
shown in Table 1, depending on the intended service tempera-
Grade LC9 (J31300), cooling shall be in still air.
ture (see Appendix X1). The average energy value of the three
specimens shall not be less than specified, with not more than
10. Product Marking
one value permitted below the average minimum specified and
no value permitted below the minimum specified for a single 10.1 All marking shall be on a raised pad using low-stress
specimen. stamps.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 352/A 352M – 93 (1998)
TABLE 1 Chemical, Tensile, and Impact Requirements
Grade Carbon Carbon Carbon- Carbon- 21 2% Nickel- 31 2% 41 2% 9% 12 1 2%
/ / / /
Steel Steel Manganese Molybdenum Nickel Chromium- Nickel Nickel Nickel Chromium,
Steel Steel Steel Molybdenum Steel Steel Steel Nickel-
Steel Molybdenum
Steel
A
Element, % (max, LCA LCB LCC LC1 LC2 LC2-1 LC3 LC4 LC9 CA6NM
except where range is (J31300)
given)
A A
Carbon 0.25 0.30 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.22 0.15 0.15 0.13 0.06
Silicon 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.50 0.60 0.60 0.45 1.00
A A
Manganese 0.70 1.00 1.20 0.50–0.80 0.50–0.80 0.55–0.75 0.50–0.80 0.50–0.80 0.90 1.00
Phosphorus 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
Sulfur 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.03
B B B
Nickel 0.50 0.50 0.50 . . . 2.00–3.00 2.50–3.50 3.00–4.00 4.00–5.00 8.50–10.0 3.5–4.5
B B B
Chromium 0.50 0.50 0.50 . . . . . . 1.35–1.85 . . . . . . 0.50 11.5–14.0
B B
Molybdenum 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.45–0.65 . . . 0.30–0.60 . . . . . . 0.20 0. 4–1.0
B B
Copper 0.30 0.30 0.30 . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.30
B B B
Vanadium 0.03 0.03 0.03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.03 . . .
Tensile
C
Requirements:
Tensile strength, 60.0–85.0 65.0–90.0 70.0–95.0 65.0–90.0 70.0–95.0 105.0–130.0 70.0–95.0 70.0–95.0 85.0 110.0–135.0
ksi [MPa] [415–585] [450–620] [485–655] [450–620] [485–655] [725–895] [485–655] [485–655] [585] [760–930]
D
Yield strength, 30.0 [205] 35.0 [240] 40.0 [275] 35.0 [240] 40.0 [275] 80.0 [550] 40.0 [275] 40.0 [275] 75.0 [515] 80.0 [550]
min, ksi [MPa]
Elongation in 2 in. 24 24 22 24 24 18 24 24 20 15
or 50 mm,
E
min, %
Reduction of area, 35 35 35 35 35 30 35 35 30 35
min, %
Impact Requirements
Charpy V-
C,F
Notch
Energy value, ft·lbf 13 [18] 13 [18] 15 [20] 13 [18] 15 [20] 30 [41] 15 [20] 15 [20] 20 [27] 20 [27]
[J], min value for
two specimens
and min avg of
three
specimens
Energy value, ft·lbf 10 [14] 10 [14] 12 [16] 10 [14] 12 [16] 25 [34] 12 [16] 12 [16] 15 [20] 15 [20]
[J], min for single
specimen
Testing temperature, −25 [−32] −50 [−46] −50 [−46] −75 [−59] −100 [−73] −100 [−73] −150 −175 −320 −100 [−73]
°F [°C] [−101] [−115] [−196]
A
For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified maximum carbon content, an increase of 0.04 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to
a maximum of 1.10 % for LCA, 1.28 % for LCB, and 1.40 % for LCC.
B
Specified Residual Elements—The total content of these elements is 1.00 % maximum.
C
See 1.2.
D
Determine by either 0.2 % offset method or 0.5 % extension-under-load method.
E
When ICI test bars are used in tensile testing as provided for in Specification A 703/A 703M, the gage length to reduced section diameter ratio shall be 4 to1.
F
See Appendix X1.
10.2 In addition to the marking required by Specification
A 703/A 703M, castings that have been liquid quenched and
tempered shall be marked with the letters “QT”.
11. Keywords
11.1 steel castings; carbon steel; alloy steel; ferritic steel;
stainless steel; martensitic stainless steel; pressure containing
parts; low temperature applications
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 352/A 352M – 93 (1998)
TABLE 2 Minimum Preheat Temperatures
Grade Thickness, in. [mm] Minimum Preheat
Temperature, °F [°C]
LCA all 50 [10]
LCB all 50 [10]
LCC all 50 [10]
LC1 over 5 8 [15.9] 250 [120]
/
5 8 and under 50 [10]
/
LC2 all 300 [150]
LC2-1 all 300 [150]
LC3 all 300 [150]
LC4 all 300 [150]
CA6NM all 50 [10]
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order. A
list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser is included in
Specification A 703/A 703M. Those which are ordinarily considered suitable for use with this
specification are given below together with additional supplementary requirements that are applicable
only to this specification. Other supplementary requirements enumerated in A 703/A 703M may be
used with this specification upon agreement between the manufacturer and
...
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