ASTM E690-15
(Practice)Standard Practice for In Situ Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of Nonmagnetic Heat Exchanger Tubes
Standard Practice for In Situ Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of Nonmagnetic Heat Exchanger Tubes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Eddy current testing is a nondestructive method that can be used to locate discontinuities in tubing made of materials that conduct electricity. Signals can be produced by discontinuities located either on the inner or outer surfaces of the tube, or by discontinuities totally contained within the tube wall. When using an internal probe, the density of eddy currents in the tube wall decreases very rapidly as the distance from the internal surface increases; thus the amplitude of the response to outer surface discontinuities decreases correspondingly.
5.2 Some indications obtained by this method may not be relevant to product quality. For example, an irrelevant signal may be caused by metallurgical or mechanical variations that are generated during manufacture but that are not detrimental to the end use of the product. Irrelevant indications can mask unacceptable discontinuities occurring in the same area. Relevant indications are those that result from nonacceptable discontinuities. Any indication above the reject level, which is believed to be irrelevant, shall be regarded as unacceptable until it is proven to be irrelevant. For tubing installed in heat exchangers, predictable sources of irrelevant indications are lands (short unfinned sections in finned tubing), dents, scratches, tool chatter marks, or variations in cold work. Rolling tubes into the supports may also cause irrelevant indications, as may the tube supports themselves. Eddy current examination systems are generally not able to separate the indication generated by the end of the tube from indications of discontinuities adjacent to the ends of the tube (end effect). Therefore, this examination may not be valid at the boundaries of the tube sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures to be followed during eddy current examination (using an internal, probe-type, coil assembly) of nonmagnetic tubing that has been installed in a heat exchanger. The procedure recognizes both the unique problems of implementing an eddy current examination of installed tubing, and the indigenous forms of tube-wall deterioration which may occur during this type of service. The document primarily addresses scheduled maintenance inspection of heat exchangers, but can also be used by manufacturers of heat exchangers, either to examine the condition of the tubes after installation, or to establish baseline data for evaluating subsequent performance of the product after exposure to various environmental conditions. The ultimate purpose is the detection and evaluation of particular types of tube integrity degradation which could result in in-service tube failures.
1.2 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria; they must be specified by the using parties.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E690 − 15
Standard Practice for
In Situ Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of
1
Nonmagnetic Heat Exchanger Tubes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E690; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
2.2 Other Documents:
1.1 Thispracticedescribesprocedurestobefollowedduring
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-
eddy current examination (using an internal, probe-type, coil
3
cation and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
assembly) of nonmagnetic tubing that has been installed in a
ANSI/ASNT-CP-189 ASNT Standard for Qualification and
heat exchanger. The procedure recognizes both the unique
3
Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
problems of implementing an eddy current examination of
NAS-410 NAS Certification and Qualification of Nonde-
installed tubing, and the indigenous forms of tube-wall dete-
4
structive Personnel (Quality Assurance Committee)
rioration which may occur during this type of service. The
ISO 9712 Non-destructive Testing—Qualification and Cer-
document primarily addresses scheduled maintenance inspec-
5
tification of NDT Personnel
tion of heat exchangers, but can also be used by manufacturers
ofheatexchangers,eithertoexaminetheconditionofthetubes
3. Terminology
after installation, or to establish baseline data for evaluating
3.1 Standard terminology relating to electromagnetic ex-
subsequent performance of the product after exposure to
amination may be found in Terminology E1316, Section C,
various environmental conditions. The ultimate purpose is the
Electromagnetic Testing.
detection and evaluation of particular types of tube integrity
degradation which could result in in-service tube failures.
4. Summary of Practice
1.2 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria; they
4.1 The examination is performed by passing an eddy
must be specified by the using parties.
current probe through each tube. These probes are energized
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the with alternating currents at one or more frequencies. The
electrical impedance of the probe is modified by the proximity
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- of the tube, the tube dimensions, electrical conductivity,
magnetic permeability, and metallurgical or mechanical dis-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. continuities in the tube. During passage through the tube,
changes in electromagnetic response caused by these variables
2. Referenced Documents
in the tube produce electrical signals which are processed so as
2
to produce an appropriate combination of visual displays,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
alarms, or temporary or permanent records, or combination
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive
thereof, for subsequent analysis.
Testing
5. Significance and Use
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde- 5.1 Eddy current testing is a nondestructive method that can
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on
be used to locate discontinuities in tubing made of materials
Electromagnetic Method.
Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally
3
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E690 – 10. DOI: AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
10.1520/E0690-15. 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
2 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAerospace IndustriesAssociation ofAmerica, Inc. (AIA), 1000
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM WilsonBlvd.,Suite1700,Arlington,VA22209-3928,http://www.aia-aerospace.org.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
the ASTM website. la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E690 − 15
that conduct electricity. Signals can be produced by disconti- 6.1.14 If specified in the contractual agreement, personnel
nuities located either on the inner or outer surfac
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E690 − 10 E690 − 15
Standard Practice for
In Situ Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) (Eddy Current)
1
Examination of Nonmagnetic Heat Exchanger Tubes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E690; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice describes procedures to be followed during eddy-current eddy current examination (using an internal,
probe-type, coil assembly) of nonmagnetic tubing that has been installed in a heat exchanger. The procedure recognizes both the
unique problems of implementing an eddy-current eddy current examination of installed tubing, and the indigenous forms of
tube-wall deterioration which may occur during this type of service. The document primarily addresses scheduled maintenance
inspection of heat exchangers, but can also be used by manufacturers of heat exchangers, either to examine the condition of the
tubes after installation, or to establish baseline data for evaluating subsequent performance of the product after exposure to various
environmental conditions. The ultimate purpose is the detection and evaluation of particular types of tube integrity degradation
which could result in in-service tube failures.
1.2 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria; they must be specified by the using parties.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
2.2 Other Documents:
3
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
3
ANSI/ASNT-CP-189 ASNT Standard for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
4
NAS-410 NAS Certification and Qualification of Nondestructive Personnel (Quality Assurance Committee)
5
ISO 9712 Non-destructive Testing—Qualification and Certification of NDT Personnel
3. Terminology
3.1 Standard terminology relating to electromagnetic examination may be found in Terminology E1316, Section C,
Electromagnetic Testing.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 The examination is performed by passing an eddy-current eddy current probe through each tube. These probes are energized
with alternating currents at one or more frequencies. The electrical impedance of the probe is modified by the proximity of the tube,
the tube dimensions, electrical conductivity, magnetic permeability, and metallurgical or mechanical discontinuities in the tube.
During passage through the tube, changes in electromagnetic response caused by these variables in the tube produce electrical
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on Electromagnetic
Method.
Current edition approved June 1, 2010June 1, 2015. Published July 2010June 2015. Originally approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 19982010 as
ε1
E690 – 98E690 – 10.(2004) . DOI: 10.1520/E0690-10.10.1520/E0690-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
4
Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc. (AIA), 1000 Wilson Blvd., Suite 1700, Arlington, VA 22209-3928, http://www.aia-aerospace.org.
5
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E690 − 15
signals which are processed so as to produce an appropriate combination of visual
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