ASTM E1155-96(2001)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining FF Floor Flatness and FL Floor Levelness Numbers
Standard Test Method for Determining <i>F<sub>F</sub></i> Floor Flatness and <i>F<sub>L</sub></i> Floor Levelness Numbers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides statistical (and graphical) information concerning floor surface profiles.
Results of this test method are used primarily to:
5.2.1 Establish compliance of randomly trafficked floor surfaces with specified FF Flatness and FL Levelness tolerances,
5.2.2 Evaluate the effect of different construction methods on resulting floor surface flatness and levelness, and
5.2.3 Investigate the curling and deflection of floor surfaces.
Results of this test method shall not be used to enforce contract flatness and levelness tolerances on those floor installations primarily intended to support the operation of fixed-path vehicle systems (for example, narrow aisle warehouse floors).
Note 2—When the traffic patterns across a floor are random, (as is generally the case) evaluation of the floor’FF Flatness and FL Levelness will necessarily involve a random sampling of the surface, since all of the infinite potential profiles to be seen by the traffic can not possibly be measured. In those instances when the traffic across a floor will be confined to specific paths, however, the requirement for random sampling is eliminated, since the floor can indeed be inspected exactly as it will be seen by all of the traffic. In these special cases, rather than inferring the condition of the traffic paths from a random sample, it is far more useful to measure each of the traffic paths directly using continuous recording floor profilometer configured to run exactly in the traffic wheel paths. Such direct simulation measurements eliminate the inherent uncertainties of statistical sampling and provide profile information immediately applicable to the correction of the surface in way of the future traffic.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a quantitative method of measuring floor surface profiles to obtain estimates of the floor's characteristic FF Flatness and FL Levelness Face Floor Profile Numbers (F-Numbers) using the inch-pound system of units.
Note 1--A complete metric companion to Test Method E1155 has been developed, Test Method E1155M; therefore, no metric equivalents are shown in this test method.
1.2 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:E1155–96 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Test Method for
Determining F Floor Flatness and F Floor Levelness
F L
1
Numbers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1155; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.1.2.1 Discussion—For the purposes of this test method,
flatness will be measured by calculating curvature value, q,
1.1 This test method covers a quantitative method of mea-
between all 12-in. reading points separated by 24 in. The
suring floor surface profiles to obtain estimates of the floor’s
curvature value is the difference between successive elevation
characteristic F Flatness and F Levelness Face Floor Profile
F L
differences. The mean and standard deviation of all the
Numbers (F-Numbers) using the inch-pound system of units.
curvature values for a given test section are then converted
NOTE 1—A complete metric companion to Test Method E1155 has
according to the equations in this test method to get the
been developed, Test Method E1155M; therefore, no metric equivalents
dimensionless F Flatness Number.
F
are shown in this test method.
3.1.3 floor profilometer—a Type I device (see 6.1.1) that
1.2 The text of this test method references notes and
produces a continuous record of the elevation of a single point
footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and
moving along a line on the floor’s surface.
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
3.1.4 horizontal—level, normal to the direction of gravity.
considered as requirements of this test method.
3.1.5 inclinometer—a Type II device (see 6.1.2) that mea-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sures the angle between horizontal and the line joining the two
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
points of contact with the floor’s surface.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.6 level—Horizontal, normal to the direction of gravity.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.6.1 Discussion—For the purposes of this test method,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
levelness will be measured by collecting elevation differences
atpointsspaced10ftapartandthatwillbedescribedbytheF
L
2. Referenced Documents
Levelness number (dimensionless).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.7 longitudinal differential floor profilometer, n—a Type
E1155M Test Method for Determining F Floor Flatness
F
II device (see 6.1.2) that produces a continuous record of the
2
and F Floor Levelness Numbers [Metric]
L
elevationdifferencebetweentwopointsmovingalongalineon
2.2 ACI Standard:
the floor’s surface, which two points remain separated by a
ACI117-90 StandardSpecificationsforTolerancesforCon-
fixed distance.
3
crete Construction and Materials
3.1.8 sample measurement line—a sample measurement
line shall consist of any straight line on the test surface along
3. Terminology
which measurements are taken, with the limitations listed in
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
7.3.
3.1.1 elevation—height, altitude, vertical location in space.
3.1.9 sign convention—where up is the positive direction;
Elevation measurements are always made parallel to the
down is the negative direction. Consequently, the higher the
direction of gravity.
reading point, the more positive its h value, and the lower the
i
3.1.2 flat—even, plane, homoloidal, free of undulation.
reading point, the more negative its h value. Similarly, the
i
elevationdifferencefromalowpointtoahighpoint(thatis,an
uphill difference) is positive, while the elevation difference
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
from a high point to a low point (that is, a downhill difference)
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.21
on Serviceability.
is negative.
Current edition approved April 10, 2001. Published May 1996. Originally
3.1.10 test section—a test section consists of any subdivi-
published as E1155–87. Last previous edition E1155–87.
2 sion of the test surface with the limitations listed in 7.2.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.11.
3
Available from American Concrete Institute, P.O. Box 19150, Detroit, MI
48219-0150.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E1155–96 (2001)
NOTE 2—When the traffic patterns across a floor are random, (as is
3.1.11 test surface—on any one building level, t
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