ASTM D5793-95
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Binding Sites Per Unit Length or Width of Pile Yarn Floor Coverings
Standard Test Method for Binding Sites Per Unit Length or Width of Pile Yarn Floor Coverings
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the measurement of the number of binding sites per unit length or width of machine-made, woven, knitted and tufted pile yarn covering both before and after adhesive backing application.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard for all measurements. The inch-pound values are provided for information purposes only.
1.3 Determination of the number of binding sites per unit length or width of pile yarn floor covering previously was contained within Test Methods D 418. For user convenience Subcommittee D13.21 has subdivided Test Methods D 418 into separate standards, of which this test method is one.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: D 5793 – 95
Standard Test Method for
Binding Sites Per Unit Length or Width of Pile Yarn Floor
Coverings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5793; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope array at uniform intervals in both lengthwise and widthwise
directions of the floor covering. Among woven, knitted and
1.1 This test method describes the measurement of the
tufted floor coverings, binding sites differ. For example, the
number of binding sites per unit length or width of machine-
binding site of a woven floor covering consists of one or more
made, woven, knitted and tufted pile yarn covering both before
filling shots under which the face yarn passes, while the
and after adhesive backing application.
binding site of a tufted floor covering consists of the section of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
backing fabric between two adjacent needle holes in the
standard for all measurements. The inch-pound values are
lengthwise direction. The number of pile yarn strands that can
provided for information purposes only.
be fastened at one binding site can vary from one to several,
1.3 Determination of the number of binding sites per unit
according to design.
length or width of pile yarn floor covering previously was
contained within Test Methods D 418. For user convenience
Subcommittee D13.21 has subdivided Test Methods D 418 into
separate standards, of which this test method is one.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ad = cutpile tuft element
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
gj = loop pile tuft element
D 418 Methods of Testing Pile Yarn Floor Covering Con-
ab, cd, ef, gh, ij, jk = tuft legs
cd, ef = cut pile tuft leg pair
struction
ij, jk = loop pile tuft leg pair, a loop
D 1909 Table of Commercial Moisture Regains for Textile
B = one binding site
Fibers
FIG. 1 Cross Section of Tufted Pile Yarn Floor Covering
D 5684 Terminology Relating to Pile Yarn Floor Coverings
E 122 Practice for Choice of Sample Size to Estimate the
3.1.2 components, n—for pile yarn floor covering, the
Average Quality of a Lot Process
individual yarn or fabric elements into which a pile yarn floor
covering can be dissected.
3. Terminology
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The major components of uncoated
3.1 Definitions:
pile yarn covering are the pile yarn and the backing fabric. For
3.1.1 binding site, n—for pile yarn floor covering, a loca-
woven and knitted floor covering, the backing fabric may be
tion at which the pile yarn is, or can be, bound to the backing
further dissected into component yarns.
fabric.
3.1.3 tuft, n—in pile fabrics, those cut or uncut loops which
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In any machine-made pile yarn floor
form part of the fabric face that are attached to the backing
covering, the binding sites occur in an orderly and repetitive
fabric at binding sites.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—A tuft may consist of one or more tuft
elements.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-13 on Textiles
3.2 For definitions of other terms related to pile floor
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.21 on Pile Yarn Floor
coverings, refer to Terminology D 5684. For the definition of
Coverings.
other textile terms used in this test method, refer to Terminol-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. ogy D 123.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D5793–95
4. Summary of Test Method shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s quality control
program or with the specification agreed to by the purchaser
4.1 The length of pile floor covering containing 40 binding
and the supplier.
sites is measured in either the lengthwise or the widthwise
7.3 A test sample shall consist of a full width section of floor
direction as required and the number of binding sites per unit
covering cut from one end of each roll in the lot sample and
length is calculated.
shall be at least 100 mm (4 in.) longer than the specimens
required for the tests being conducted. Do not cut a test sample
5. Significance and Use
of coated floor covering from a seam end of a production roll.
5.1 This test method is useful in quality and cost control
7.4 Test Specimens:
during manufacture. Both appearance and performance of pile
7.4.1 The test specimens shall be large enough to include 44
yarn floor coverings can be affected by changes in bindings
binding sites in each direction.
sites per unit length or width.
7.4.2 This test method may be nondestructive since the
5.2 Although this test method is useful for acceptance
measurements may be made on the test specimens without
testing of commercial shipments as the best available method,
cutting the test specimens from the test sample.
between-laboratory precision has not yet been determined.
7.4.3 A test specimen is a designated area of a test sample
5.2.1 In case of a dispute from differences in reported test
that may be marked on or cut from the test sample as directed
results when using this test method the purchaser and the
in the test method. For test samples 3000 mm (118 in.) wide or
supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there
wider, three test specimens are required, one at each edge no
is statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statis-
nearer to the edge than 5 % of the total floor covering width
tical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.
and one in the middle portion of the test sample. For test
As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test
samples at least 1500 mm (60 in.) wide but less 3000 mm (118
specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which
in.), take two test specimens, one at each edge no nearer to the
are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test
edge than 5 % of the total floor covering width. For test
specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers
samples less than 1500 mm wide (60 in.), take one specimen,
to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two
from the middle.
laboratories would be compared using Student’s t-test for
7.4.4 Where it is known that systematic variations in a floor
unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the
covering characteristic may occur in bands 460 mm (18 in.) or
two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is f
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