ASTM B965-09(2014)
(Specification)Standard Specification for High Performance Tin-Coated Annealed Copper Wire Intended for Electrical and Electronic Application for Solderability
Standard Specification for High Performance Tin-Coated Annealed Copper Wire Intended for Electrical and Electronic Application for Solderability
ABSTRACT
This specification covers tin-coated annealed copper wire intended for electrical and electronic applications where solderability is a requirement. The tin shall be electroplated for the coating and shall be commercially pure. The base metal shall be copper of such quality and purity that the finished product shall have properties and characteristics prescribed. Tensile strength and elongation, resistivity, dimensional measurements, continuity of coating, thickness of coating, and solderability test methods shall be performed to conform to the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers tin-coated annealed copper wire intended for electrical and electronic applications where solderability is a requirement.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exceptions—The SI values for density, resistivity, and volume are to be regarded as standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:B965 −09 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Specification for
High Performance Tin-Coated Annealed Copper Wire
Intended for Electrical and Electronic Application for
Solderability
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B965; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope NBS Handbook 100Copper Wire Tables
1.1 This specification covers tin-coated annealed copper
3. Ordering Information
wire intended for electrical and electronic applications where
solderability is a requirement. 3.1 Ordersformaterialunderthisspecificationshallinclude
the following information:
1.2 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
3.1.1 Quantity of each size,
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1.2 Wire size-diameter in inches (see 5.3 and Table 1),
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1.3 Type of copper, if special (see 4.2),
and are not considered standard.
3.1.4 Package size (see 10.1),
1.2.1 Exceptions—The SI values for density, resistivity, and
3.1.5 Special packaging marking, if required, and
volume are to be regarded as standard.
3.1.6 Place of inspection (see 7.1).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Material
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Tin for Coating—The tin shall be electroplated for the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
coating and shall be commercially pure (Explanatory Note 1).
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
For purposes of this specification, the tin shall be considered
commercially pure if the total of other elements, exclusive of
2. Referenced Documents
copper, does not exceed 1%. Not withstanding the previous
2.1 ASTM Standards:
sentence,chemicalanalysisofthetincoatingorofthetinused
B49Specification for Copper Rod Drawing Stock for Elec-
for coating shall not be required under this specification.
trical Purposes
4.2 Copper-Base Metal—The base metal shall be copper of
B193Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor
such quality and purity that the finished product shall have
Materials
properties and characteristics prescribed in this specification.
B258 Specification for Nominal Diameters and Cross-
NOTE 1—Specification B49 defines copper suitable for use.
SectionalAreasofAWGSizesofSolidRoundWiresUsed
as Electrical Conductors
5. General Requirements (See Section 8)
2.2 Other Standards:
5.1 Tensile Strength and Elongation (Explanatory Note
IPC/ECA J-STD-002 Solderability Test for Component
4)—The tinned wire shall conform to the requirements for
Leads, Lugs, Terminals and Wires
elongation prescribed in Table 1. No requirements for tensile
strength are specified. For wire whose nominal diameter is
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 on
more than 0.001 in. (0.025 mm) greater than a size listed in
Electrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.04 on
Table 1, but less than that of the next larger size, the
Conductors of Copper and Copper Alloys.
requirements of the next larger size shall apply.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2014. Published September 2014. Originally
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as B965 – 09. DOI:
5.2 Resistivity (Explanatory Note 1 and Note 3)—The elec-
10.1520/B0965-09R14.
trical resistivity of tinned wire at a temperature of 20°C shall
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
not exceed the values prescribed in Table 2.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
AvailablefromIPC,3000LakesideDrive,Suite309S,Bannockburn,IL60015,
http://www.ipc.org, and ECA 2500 Wilson Blvd., Arlington, VA 22201, http:// Available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port
www.ec-central.org. Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161, http://www.ntis.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B965−09 (2014)
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
5.5 Thickness of Coating—The wire shall have adequate
Diameter Area at 20°C Elongation free tin (Explanatory Note 1) to insure meeting solderability
2 2
in. mm cmil in. mm in
requirements as prescribed in 5.8. The thickness of coating
10 in. (250
shall be at the manufacturer’s discretion or as agreed upon
mm),
%min between the manufacturer and purchaser to insure compliance
0.4600 11.684 211 600 0.1662 107.0 30
to 5.8 and further processing for solderability performance
0.4096 10.404 167 800 0.1318 85.0 30
after insulation.
0.3648 9.266 133 100 0.1045 67.4 30
0.3249 8.252 105 600 0.08291 53.5 30
5.6 Adherence of Coating—The tin coating shall be firmly
0.2893 7.348 83 690 0.06573 42.4 25 adherenttothesurfaceofthecopper.Theadherenceofcoating
0.2576 6.543 66 360 0.05212 33.6 25
on the wire shall be determined on representative samples
0.2294 5.827 52 620 0.04133 26.7 25
taken after electroplating and prior to final drawing. The
0.2043 5.189 41 740 0.03278 21.2 25
adherence of coating shall be determined by the wrapping test
0.1819 4.620 33 090 0.02599 16.8 25
in accordance with 6.6.
0.1620 4.115 26 240 0.02061 13.3 25
0.1443 3.665 20 820 0.01635 10.5 25
5.7 Joints—Necessary joints in the completed wire and in
0.1285 3.264 16 510 0.01297 8.37 25
the wire and rods prior to final drawing shall be made in
accordance with the best commercial practice.
0.1144 2.906 13 090 0.01028 6.63 25
0.1019 2.588 10 380 0.008155 5.26 20
5.8 Solderability—The solder must cover greater than 95 %
0.0907 2.304 8 230 0.00646 4.17 20
0.0808 2.052 6 530 0.00513 3.31 20
of the surface of the specimen and show evidence of good
wetting and of bonding. The solderability shall be tested in
0.0720 1.829 5 180 0.00407 2.63 20
accordance with 6.7.
0.0641 1.628 4 110 0.00323 2.08 20
0.0571 1.450 3 260 0.00256 1.65 20
5.9 Finish—The coating shall consist of a smooth continu-
0.0508 1.290 2 580 0.00203 1.31 20
ouslayer,firmlyadherenttothesurfaceofthecopper.Thewire
0.0453 1.151 2 050 0.00161 1.04 20
shall be free of all imperfections not consistent with the best
0.0403 1.024 1 620 0.00128 0.823 20
commercial practice.
0.0359 0.912 1 290 0.00101 0.654 20
0.0320 0.813 1 020 0.000804 0.517 20
6. Test Methods
0.0285 0.724 812 0.000638 0.411 20
0.0253 0.643 640 0.000503 0.324 20
6.1 Tensile Strength and Elongation (Explanatory Note 4):
0.0226 0.574 511 0.000401 0.259 20
6.1.1 No test for tensile strength shall be required.
0.0201 0.511 404 0.000317 0.205 15
6.1.2 The elongation of wire with a nominal diameter
0.0179 0.455 320 0.000252 0.162 15
greater than 0.0808 in. (2.052 mm) shall be determined as the
0.0159 0.404 253 0.000199 0.128 15
permanent increase in length due to the breaking of the wire in
0.0142 0.361 202 0.000158 0.102 15
tension.Theelongationshallbemeasuredbetweengagemarks
0.0126 0.320 159 0.000125 0.081 15
placedoriginally10in.(242mm)apartuponthetestspecimen
0.0113 0.287 128 0.000100 0.065 15
and expressed in percent of the original length.
0.0100 0.254 100 0.0000785 0.051 10
0.0089 0.226 79.2 0.0000622 0.040 10 6.1.3 The elongation of wire with a nominal diameter equal
0.0080 0.203 64.0 0.0000503 0.032 10
to or less than 0.0808 in. (2.053 mm) may be determined as
describedaboveorbymeasurementsmadebetweenthejawsof
0.0071 0.180 50.4 0.0000396 0.026 10
0.0063 0.160 39.7 0.0000312 0.020 10
the testing machine. When measurements are made between
0.0056 0.142 31.4 0.0000246 0.016 10
thejaws,thezerolengthshallbethedistancebetweenthejaws
0.0050 0.127 25.0 0.0000196 0.013 10
at the start of the tension test and be as near 10 in. (254 mm)
0.0045 0.114 20.2 0.0000159 0.010 10
as practicable. The final length shall be the distance between
0.0040 0.102 16.0 0.0000126 0.0081 10
the jaws at the time of rupture. The fracture shall be between
0.0035 0.089 12.2 0.00000962 0.0062 10
gage marks or jaws of the testing machine, depending on
0.0031 0.079 9.61 0.00000755 0.0049 10
methodused,andnotcloserthan1in.(25.4mm)toeithergage
mark or jaw.
5.3 Dimensions and Permissible Variations (Explanatory 6.2 Resistivity (Explanatory Note 3)—The electrical resis-
tivity of the material shall be determined in accordance with
Note 2)—The wire sizes shall be expressed as the diameter of
thewireindecimalfractionsofaninchtothenearest0.0001in. TestMethodB193.Thepurchasermayacceptcertificationthat
the wire was drawn from rod stock meeting the international
(0.0025 mm). The tin-coated wire shall not vary from the
specified diameter by more than the amounts prescribed in standard for annealed copper instead of resistivity tests on the
finished wire.
Table 3.
5.4 Continuity of Coating—Thetincoatingshallbecontinu- 6.3 Dimensional Measurements—Dimensional measure-
ous. The continuity of coating on the wire shall be determined ments shall be made with a micrometer caliper equipped with
on representative samples taken before stranding or insulating. a vernier graduated in 0.0001 in. (0.0025 mm). Measurements
The continuity of tinning shall be determined by the hydro- shall be made on at least three places on each unit selected for
chloric acid-sodium polysulfide test in accordance with 6.4. thistest.Ifaccessible,onemeasurementshallbetakenoneach
B965−09 (2014)
TABLE 2 Electrical Resistivity Requirements
Nominal Diameter Resistivity at 20°C
2 2
in. mm Ω·lb/mile Ω·g/m
0.460 to 0.290, incl 11.7 to 7.4, incl 896.15 0.15695
Under 0.290 to 0.103, incl Under 7.4 to 2.6, incl 900.77 0.15776
Under 0.103 to 0.0201, incl Under 2.6 to 0.51, incl 910.15 0.15940
Under 0.0201 to 0.0111, incl Under 0.51 to 0.28, incl 929.52 0.16279
Under 0.0111 to 0.0030, incl Under 0.28 to 0.076, incl 939.51 0.16454
TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Diameter
Nominal Diameter of Wire Permissible Variations in Diameter
in. mm
in. mm plus minus plus minus
Under Under 0.0003 0.00010 0.0076 0.0025
0.0100 0.25
0.0100 0.25 and 3% 1% 3% 1%
and over over
end and one near the middle. The average of the three allowed to stand for at least 24 h. The test solution shall be
measurements shall determine compliance with the require- made by diluting a portion of the concentrated solution with
ments. distilled water to a specific gravity of 1.135 to 1.145 at 15.6°C
(60°F). The sodium polysulfide test solution should have
6.4 Continuity of Coating:
sufficient strength to blacken thoroughly a piece of clean
6.4.1 Length of Specimens—Test specimens shall have a
untinned copper wire in 5 s. The test solution used for testing
lengthofabout6in.(152mm).Theyshallbetaggedormarked
samples shall be considered exhausted if it fails to blacken a
tocorrespondwiththecoil,spool,orreelfromwhichtheywere
piece of clean copper as described above.
cut.
6.4.4 Procedure:
6.4.2 Treatment of Specimens—The specimens shall be
6.4.4.1 Immersion of Specimens—Immerse a length of at
thoroughly cleaned by immersion in a suitable organic solvent
least 4-1/2 in. (114 mm) from each of the clean specimens, in
for at least 3 min; then removed and wiped dry with a clean,
accordance with the following cycles, in test solutions main-
soft cloth (Caution—see Explanatory Note 5). The specimens
tained at a temperature between 15.6 and 21°C (60 and 70°F):
thus cleaned shall be kept wrapped in a clean, dry cloth until
(1) Immerse the specimen for 1 min in the HCl solution
tested. That part of the specimen to be immersed in the test
described in 6.4.2, wash, and wipe dry; (2) immerse the
solution shall not be handled. Care shall be taken to avoid
specimen for 30 s in the sodium polysulfide solution described
abrasion by the cut ends.
in 6.4.2, wash, and wipe dry; (3) immerse the specimen for 1
6.4.3 Special Solutions Required:
min in the HCl solution, wash, and dry; (4) immerse the
6.4.3.1 Hydrochloric Acid Solution (HCl) (sp gr 1.088)
specimenfor30sinthesodiumpolysulfidesolution,wash,and
—Commercial HCl (sp gr 1.12) shall be diluted with distilled
wipe dry.
watertoaspecificgravityof1.088measuredat15.6°C(60°F).
6.4.4.2 Washing Specimens—After each immersion, imme-
Aportion of HCl solution having a volume of 180 mLshall be
diatelywashthespecimensthoroughlyincleanwaterandwipe
consideredtobeexhaustedwhenthenumberoftestspecimens
dry with a clean, soft cloth.
prescribed in Table 4 of a size as indicated in 6.4.3 have been
immersed in it for two cycles. 6.4.4.3 Examination of Specimens—After immersion and
6.4.3.2 Sodium Polysulfide Solution (sp gr 1.142) (Explana- washing,examinethespecimenstoascertainifcopperexposed
tory Note 6)—A concentrated solution shall be made by through openings in the tin coating has been blackened by
dissolving sodium sulfide crystals (cp) in distilled water until action of the sodium polysulfide. The specimens shall be
the solution is saturated at about 21°C (70°F), and adding considered to have failed if, by such blackening, exposed
sufficientflowersofsulfur(inexcessof250g/Lofsolution)to copper is revealed. No attention shall be paid to blackening
provide complete saturation, as shown by the presence in the within 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) of the cut end. A grayish brown
solution of an excess of sulfur after the solution has been appearance of the coating shall not constitute failure.
TABLE 4 Limiting Number of Test Specimens for Coating Tests
Nominal Diameter Maximum Number of Specimens to be
Tested for 2 Cycles
in 180 mL of Acid Solution
in. mm
0.460 to 0.141, incl 11.7 to 3.6, incl 2
Under 0.141 to 0.0851, incl Under 3.6 to 2.2, incl 4
Under 0.0851 to 0.0501, incl Under 2.2 to 1.3, incl 6
Under 0.0501 to 0.0381, incl Under 1.3 to 0.97, incl 10
Under 0.0381 to 0.0301, incl Under 0.97 to 0.76, incl 12
Under 0.0301 to 0.0030, incl Under 0.76 to 0.076, incl 14
B965−09 (2014)
6.5 Thickness of Coating—Conformance to free tin require- 7.1.3 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser
mentsmaybedeterminedinaccordancewithTestMethodAas and the manufacturer, conformance of the wire to the various
prescribed in Appendix X1. requirementslistedinSection5shallbedeterminedonsamples
taken from each lot of wire presented for acceptance.
6.6 Adherence of Coating:
7.1.4 The manufacturer shall, if requested prior to
6.6.1 Specimens:
inspection, certify that all wire in the lot was made under such
6.6.1.1 Length of Specimens—Test specimens shall be ap-
conditions that the product as a whole conforms t
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B965 − 09 B965 − 09 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Specification for
High Performance Tin-Coated Annealed Copper Wire
Intended for Electrical and Electronic Application for
Solderability
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B965; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers tin-coated annealed copper wire intended for electrical and electronic applications where
solderability is a requirement.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exceptions—The SI values for density, resistivity, and volume are to be regarded as standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B49 Specification for Copper Rod Drawing Stock for Electrical Purposes
B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor Materials
B258 Specification for Nominal Diameters and Cross-Sectional Areas of AWG Sizes of Solid Round Wires Used as Electrical
Conductors
2.2 Other Standards:
IPC/ECA J-STD-002 Solderability Test for Component Leads, Lugs, Terminals and Wires
NBS Handbook 100 Copper Wire Tables
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information:
3.1.1 Quantity of each size,
3.1.2 Wire size-diameter in inches (see 5.3 and Table 1),
3.1.3 Type of copper, if special (see 4.2),
3.1.4 Package size (see 10.1),
3.1.5 Special packaging marking, if required, and
3.1.6 Place of inspection (see 7.1).
4. Material
4.1 Tin for Coating—The tin shall be electroplated for the coating and shall be commercially pure (Explanatory Note 1). For
purposes of this specification, the tin shall be considered commercially pure if the total of other elements, exclusive of copper, does
not exceed 1 %. Not withstanding the previous sentence, chemical analysis of the tin coating or of the tin used for coating shall
not be required under this specification.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 on Electrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.04 on Conductors
of Copper and Copper Alloys.
Current edition approved April 1, 2009Sept. 1, 2014. Published May 2009September 2014. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as B965
– 09. DOI: 10.1520/B0965-09.10.1520/B0965-09R14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from IPC, 3000 Lakeside Drive, Suite 309S, Bannockburn, IL 60015, and ECA 2500 Wilson Blvd., Arlington, VA 22201.
Available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161, http://www.ntis.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B965 − 09 (2014)
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
Diameter Area at 20°C Elongation
2 2
in
in. mm cmil in. mm
10 in. (250
mm),
% min
0.4600 11.684 211 600 0.1662 107.0 30
0.4096 10.404 167 800 0.1318 85.0 30
0.3648 9.266 133 100 0.1045 67.4 30
0.3249 8.252 105 600 0.08291 53.5 30
0.2893 7.348 83 690 0.06573 42.4 25
0.2576 6.543 66 360 0.05212 33.6 25
0.2294 5.827 52 620 0.04133 26.7 25
0.2043 5.189 41 740 0.03278 21.2 25
0.1819 4.620 33 090 0.02599 16.8 25
0.1620 4.115 26 240 0.02061 13.3 25
0.1443 3.665 20 820 0.01635 10.5 25
0.1285 3.264 16 510 0.01297 8.37 25
0.1144 2.906 13 090 0.01028 6.63 25
0.1019 2.588 10 380 0.008155 5.26 20
0.0907 2.304 8 230 0.00646 4.17 20
0.0808 2.052 6 530 0.00513 3.31 20
0.0720 1.829 5 180 0.00407 2.63 20
0.0641 1.628 4 110 0.00323 2.08 20
0.0571 1.450 3 260 0.00256 1.65 20
0.0508 1.290 2 580 0.00203 1.31 20
0.0453 1.151 2 050 0.00161 1.04 20
0.0403 1.024 1 620 0.00128 0.823 20
0.0359 0.912 1 290 0.00101 0.654 20
0.0320 0.813 1 020 0.000804 0.517 20
0.0285 0.724 812 0.000638 0.411 20
0.0253 0.643 640 0.000503 0.324 20
0.0226 0.574 511 0.000401 0.259 20
0.0201 0.511 404 0.000317 0.205 15
0.0179 0.455 320 0.000252 0.162 15
0.0159 0.404 253 0.000199 0.128 15
0.0142 0.361 202 0.000158 0.102 15
0.0126 0.320 159 0.000125 0.081 15
0.0113 0.287 128 0.000100 0.065 15
0.0100 0.254 100 0.0000785 0.051 10
0.0089 0.226 79.2 0.0000622 0.040 10
0.0080 0.203 64.0 0.0000503 0.032 10
0.0071 0.180 50.4 0.0000396 0.026 10
0.0063 0.160 39.7 0.0000312 0.020 10
0.0056 0.142 31.4 0.0000246 0.016 10
0.0050 0.127 25.0 0.0000196 0.013 10
0.0045 0.114 20.2 0.0000159 0.010 10
0.0040 0.102 16.0 0.0000126 0.0081 10
0.0035 0.089 12.2 0.00000962 0.0062 10
0.0031 0.079 9.61 0.00000755 0.0049 10
4.2 Copper-Base Metal—The base metal shall be copper of such quality and purity that the finished product shall have
properties and characteristics prescribed in this specification.
NOTE 1—Specification B49 defines copper suitable for use.
5. General Requirements (See Section 88))
5.1 Tensile Strength and Elongation (Explanatory Note 4)—The tinned wire shall conform to the requirements for elongation
prescribed in Table 1. No requirements for tensile strength are specified. For wire whose nominal diameter is more than 0.001 in.
(0.025 mm) greater than a size listed in Table 1, but less than that of the next larger size, the requirements of the next larger size
shall apply.
5.2 Resistivity (Explanatory Note 1 and Note 3)—The electrical resistivity of tinned wire at a temperature of 20°C shall not
exceed the values prescribed in Table 2.
B965 − 09 (2014)
TABLE 2 Electrical Resistivity Requirements
Nominal Diameter Resistivity at 20°C
2 2
in. mm Ω·lb/mile Ω·g/m
0.460 to 0.290, incl 11.7 to 7.4, incl 896.15 0.15695
Under 0.290 to 0.103, incl Under 7.4 to 2.6, incl 900.77 0.15776
Under 0.103 to 0.0201, incl Under 2.6 to 0.51, incl 910.15 0.15940
Under 0.0201 to 0.0111, incl Under 0.51 to 0.28, incl 929.52 0.16279
Under 0.0111 to 0.0030, incl Under 0.28 to 0.076, incl 939.51 0.16454
5.3 Dimensions and Permissible Variations (Explanatory Note 2)—The wire sizes shall be expressed as the diameter of the wire
in decimal fractions of an inch to the nearest 0.0001 in. (0.0025 mm). The tin-coated wire shall not vary from the specified diameter
by more than the amounts prescribed in Table 3.
5.4 Continuity of Coating—The tin coating shall be continuous. The continuity of coating on the wire shall be determined on
representative samples taken before stranding or insulating. The continuity of tinning shall be determined by the hydrochloric
acid-sodium polysulfide test in accordance with 6.4.
5.5 Thickness of Coating—The wire shall have adequate free tin (Explanatory Note 1) to insure meeting solderability
requirements as prescribed in 5.8. The thickness of coating shall be at the manufacturer’s discretion or as agreed upon between
the manufacturer and purchaser to insure compliance to 5.8 and further processing for solderability performance after insulation.
5.6 Adherence of Coating—The tin coating shall be firmly adherent to the surface of the copper. The adherence of coating on
the wire shall be determined on representative samples taken after electroplating and prior to final drawing. The adherence of
coating shall be determined by the wrapping test in accordance with 6.6.
5.7 Joints—Necessary joints in the completed wire and in the wire and rods prior to final drawing shall be made in accordance
with the best commercial practice.
5.8 Solderability—The solder must cover greater than 95 % of the surface of the specimen and show evidence of good wetting
and of bonding. The solderability shall be tested in accordance with 6.7.
5.9 Finish—The coating shall consist of a smooth continuous layer, firmly adherent to the surface of the copper. The wire shall
be free of all imperfections not consistent with the best commercial practice.
6. Test Methods
6.1 Tensile Strength and Elongation (Explanatory Note 4)Tensile Strength and Elongation (Explanatory Note 4):
6.1.1 No test for tensile strength shall be required.
6.1.2 The elongation of wire with a nominal diameter greater than 0.0808 in. (2.052 mm) shall be determined as the permanent
increase in length due to the breaking of the wire in tension. The elongation shall be measured between gage marks placed
originally 10 in. (242 mm) apart upon the test specimen and expressed in percent of the original length.
6.1.3 The elongation of wire with a nominal diameter equal to or less than 0.0808 in. (2.053 mm) may be determined as
described above or by measurements made between the jaws of the testing machine. When measurements are made between the
jaws, the zero length shall be the distance between the jaws at the start of the tension test and be as near 10 in. (254 mm) as
practicable. The final length shall be the distance between the jaws at the time of rupture. The fracture shall be between gage marks
or jaws of the testing machine, depending on method used, and not closer than 1 in. (25.4 mm) to either gage mark or jaw.
6.2 Resistivity (Explanatory Note 3) —)—The electrical resistivity of the material shall be determined in accordance with Test
Method B193. The purchaser may accept certification that the wire was drawn from rod stock meeting the international standard
for annealed copper instead of resistivity tests on the finished wire.
6.3 Dimensional Measurements—Dimensional measurements shall be made with a micrometer caliper equipped with a vernier
graduated in 0.0001 in. (0.0025 mm). Measurements shall be made on at least three places on each unit selected for this test. If
accessible, one measurement shall be taken on each end and one near the middle. The average of the three measurements shall
determine compliance with the requirements.
6.4 Continuity of Coating:
TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Diameter
Nominal Diameter of Wire Permissible Variations in Diameter
in. mm
in. mm plus minus plus minus
Under Under 0.0003 0.00010 0.0076 0.0025
0.0100 0.25
0.0100 0.25 and 3 % 1 % 3 % 1 %
and over over
B965 − 09 (2014)
6.4.1 Length of Specimens—Test specimens shall have a length of about 6 in. (152 mm). They shall be tagged or marked to
correspond with the coil, spool, or reel from which they were cut.
6.4.2 Treatment of Specimens—The specimens shall be thoroughly cleaned by immersion in a suitable organic solvent for at
least 3 min; then removed and wiped dry with a clean, soft cloth (Caution : see —see Explanatory Note 5). The specimens thus
cleaned shall be kept wrapped in a clean, dry cloth until tested. That part of the specimen to be immersed in the test solution shall
not be handled. Care shall be taken to avoid abrasion by the cut ends.
6.4.3 Special Solutions Required : Required:
6.4.3.1 Hydrochloric Acid Solution (HCl) (sp gr 1.088) —Commercial HCl (sp gr 1.12) shall be diluted with distilled water to
a specific gravity of 1.088 measured at 15.6°C (60°F). A portion of HCl solution having a volume of 180 mL shall be considered
to be exhausted when the number of test specimens prescribed in Table 4 of a size as indicated in 6.4.3 have been immersed in
it for two cycles.
6.4.3.2 Sodium Polysulfide Solution (sp gr 1.142) (Explanatory Note 6)—A concentrated solution shall be made by dissolving
sodium sulfide crystals (cp) in distilled water until the solution is saturated at about 21°C (70°F), and adding sufficient flowers of
sulfur (in excess of 250 g/L of solution) to provide complete saturation, as shown by the presence in the solution of an excess of
sulfur after the solution has been allowed to stand for at least 24 h. The test solution shall be made by diluting a portion of the
concentrated solution with distilled water to a specific gravity of 1.135 to 1.145 at 15.6°C (60°F). The sodium polysulfide test
solution should have sufficient strength to blacken thoroughly a piece of clean untinned copper wire in 5 s. The test solution used
for testing samples shall be considered exhausted if it fails to blacken a piece of clean copper as described above.
6.4.4 Procedure:
6.4.4.1 Immersion of Specimens—Immerse a length of at least 4-1/2 in. (114 mm) from each of the clean specimens, in
accordance with the following cycles, in test solutions maintained at a temperature between 15.6 and 21°C (60 and 70°F): (1)
Immerse the specimen for 1 min in the HCl solution described in 6.4.2, wash, and wipe dry; (2) immerse the specimen for 30 s
in the sodium polysulfide solution described in 6.4.2, wash, and wipe dry; (3) immerse the specimen for 1 min in the HCl solution,
wash, and dry; (4) immerse the specimen for 30 s in the sodium polysulfide solution, wash, and wipe dry.
6.4.4.2 Washing Specimens—After each immersion, immediately wash the specimens thoroughly in clean water and wipe dry
with a clean, soft cloth.
6.4.4.3 Examination of Specimens—After immersion and washing, examine the specimens to ascertain if copper exposed
through openings in the tin coating has been blackened by action of the sodium polysulfide. The specimens shall be considered
to have failed if, by such blackening, exposed copper is revealed. No attention shall be paid to blackening within 0.5 in. (12.7 mm)
of the cut end. A grayish brown appearance of the coating shall not constitute failure.
6.5 Thickness of Coating—Conformance to free tin requirements may be determined in accordance with Test Method A as
prescribed in Appendix X1.
6.6 Adherence of Coating:
6.6.1 Specimens:
6.6.1.1 Length of Specimens—Test specimens shall be approximately 20 in. (508 mm) prior to wrapping and shall be tagged or
marked to correspond with the coil, spool, or reel from which they are cut.
6.6.2 Procedure:
6.6.2.1 Wrapping—Slowly wrap the test specimen in a suitable manner in an open helix around its own diameter. Take car
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