ASTM D4018-99(2008)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Properties of Continuous Filament Carbon and Graphite Fiber Tows
Standard Test Methods for Properties of Continuous Filament Carbon and Graphite Fiber Tows
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The properties determined by these test methods are of value in material specifications, qualifications, data base generation, certification, research, and development.
These test methods are intended for the testing of fibers that have been specifically developed for use as reinforcing agents in advanced composite structures. The test results of an impregnated and consolidated fiber should be representative of the strength and modulus that are available in the material when used as intended. The performance of fibers in different resin systems can vary significantly so that correlations between results using these test methods and composite testing may not always be obtained.
The reproducibility of test results is dependent upon precise control over all test conditions. Resin type, content and distribution, curing process, filament alignment, gripping in the testing machine, and alignment in the testing machine are of special importance.
The measured strengths of fibers are not unique quantities and test results are strongly dependent on the test methods used. Therefore the test method described here will not necessarily give the same mean strengths or standard deviations as those obtained from single filaments, dry fibers, composite laminas, or composite laminates.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the preparation and tensile testing of resin-impregnated and consolidated test specimens made from continuous filament carbon and graphite yarns, rovings, and tows to determine their tensile properties.
1.2 These test methods also cover the determination of the density and mass per unit length of the yarn, roving, or tow to provide supplementary data for tensile property calculation.
1.3 These test methods include a procedure for sizing removal to provide the preferred desized fiber samples for density measurement. This procedure may also be used to determine the weight percent sizing.
1.4 These test methods include a procedure for determining the weight percent moisture adsorption of carbon or graphite fiber.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4018–99 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Methods for
Properties of Continuous Filament Carbon and Graphite
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Fiber Tows
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4018; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
1.1 These test methods cover the preparation and tensile
someter Systems
testing of resin-impregnated and consolidated test specimens
2.2 Other Document:
made from continuous filament carbon and graphite yarns,
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CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
rovings, and tows to determine their tensile properties.
1.2 These test methods also cover the determination of the
3. Terminology
density and mass per unit length of the yarn, roving, or tow to
3.1 Definition:
provide supplementary data for tensile property calculation.
3.1.1 sizing, n—agenerictermforcompoundswhich,when
1.3 These test methods include a procedure for sizing
applied to yarn or fabric, form a more or less continuous solid
removal to provide the preferred desized fiber samples for
film around the yarn and individual fibers.
density measurement. This procedure may also be used to
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
determine the weight percent sizing.
3.2.1 desized fiber, n—fiberwhichhashadasizingremoved
1.4 These test methods include a procedure for determining
from it.
the weight percent moisture adsorption of carbon or graphite
3.2.2 fiber, n—continuous filament carbon or graphite yarn,
fiber.
roving, or tow.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.2.3 sized fiber, n—a fiber with a sizing applied to it.
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
3.2.4 unsized fiber, n—fiber which has never had a sizing
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
applied to it.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.3 Symbols
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.3.1 A—Unit conversion factor for tensile strength
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.3.2 B—Unit conversion factor for tensile modulus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.3.3 E—fiber chord modulus
2. Referenced Documents 3.3.4 ´—Lower strain limit
l
2
3.3.5 ´ —Upper strain limit
u
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.3.6 k —correction factor for density of size
D70 Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid Bituminous c
3.3.7 L—specimen length
Materials (Pycnometer Method)
3.3.8 MUL—the mass per unit length of the sized fiber
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3.3.9 MUL—the mass per unit length of the impregnated
I
D3800 Test Method for Density of High-Modulus Fibers
and consolidated fiber
D5550 Test Method for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by
3.3.10 P—maximum load
Gas Pycnometer
3.3.11 P—tensile load at lower strain limit
l
3.3.12 P —tensile load at upper strain limit
u
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These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
3.3.13 r—density of the fiber
f
Composite Materials and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.03 on
3.3.14 r —density of the fiber with sizing
Constituent/Precursor Properties.
sf
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originally
3.3.15 RC—weight percent of resin (resin content)
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4018–99(2004).
3.3.16 W —specimen mass
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DOI: 10.1520/D4018-99R08.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, Ann Arbor, London, Tokyo, 73rd Edition,
the ASTM website. 1992–1993.
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D4018–99 (2008)
4. Summary of Test Methods resin-impregnated specimens. A third set is for tensile testing
the resin-impregnated and consolidated specimens. Optional
4.1 These test methods include procedures for determining
apparatus may be used for applying end tabs to the specimens
the tensile strength and modulus of a resin-impregnated and
and removing sizing.
consolidated carbon fiber tow.Also included are procedures to
measure the mass per unit length and density of the carbon
6.1.1 Resin Impregnation—The goal of the resin-
fiber and the resin content of the resin-impregn
...
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