ASTM D5239-12

Standard Practice for Characterizing Fly Ash for Use in Soil Stabilization

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended for use with fly ash that can be used separately or along with other stabilizing admixtures to improve soil properties.  
4.2 The characterization of the physical and chemical properties of the fly ash shall assist in the evaluation of the fly ash for soil stabilization.  
4.3 This practice is not intended to limit the flexibility of design in soil stabilization. The degree of success attained in soil stabilization is highly dependent on the particular combination of soil, fly ash, and other additives and the construction procedure used. Demonstrated sound engineering procedures that result in appropriate physical characteristics are acceptable. The selection of appropriate materials, applicable tests, acceptance criteria, and specification is the responsibility of the design engineer.Note 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for characterizing fly ash to be used in soil stabilization. This practice lists representative test methods for determining the chemical, physical, and cementitious properties of fly ash. A broad guideline is provided in Appendix X1 that explains the significance of these properties in soil stabilization.  
1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.  
1.2.1 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to the accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound equivalents are shown for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.5 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process..  
1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2012
• ICS: 93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works
• Technical Committee: D18 - Soil and Rock
• Drafting Committee: D18.15 - Stabilization With Admixtures

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D5239-04 - Standard Practice for Characterizing Fly Ash for Use in Soil Stabilization
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D7762-18e1 - Standard Practice for Design of Stabilization of Soil and Soil-Like Materials with Self-Cementing Fly Ash
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E2278-13(2019) - Standard Guide for Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) for Surface Mine Reclamation: Revegetation and Mitigation of Acid Mine Drainage
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E2277-14(2019) - Standard Guide for Design and Construction of Coal Ash Structural Fills
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E2243-13(2019) - Standard Guide for Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) for Surface Mine Reclamation: Re-contouring and Highwall Reclamation
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D5759-12(2020) - Standard Guide for Characterization of Coal Fly Ash and Clean Coal Combustion Fly Ash for Potential Uses
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5239 − 12
Standard Practice for
1
Characterizing Fly Ash for Use in Soil Stabilization
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5239; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
as requirements of the standard.
1.1 This practice covers procedures for characterizing fly
ash to be used in soil stabilization. This practice lists represen-
2. Referenced Documents
tative test methods for determining the chemical, physical, and
2
cementitious properties of fly ash. A broad guideline is pro-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
vided in Appendix X1 that explains the significance of these
C25 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone,
properties in soil stabilization.
Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
Specimens)
Practice D6026.
C191 TestMethodsforTimeofSettingofHydraulicCement
1.2.1 The method used to specify how data are collected,
by Vicat Needle
calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to
C265 TestMethodforWater-ExtractableSulfateinHydrated
theaccuracytowhichthedatacanbeappliedindesignorother
Hydraulic Cement Mortar
uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
standard is beyond its scope.
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
C311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or
standard. The inch-pound equivalents are shown for informa-
Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete
tion only.
C593 Specification for FlyAsh and Other Pozzolans for Use
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
With Lime for Soil Stabilization
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C821 Specification for Lime for Use with Pozzolans
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Fluids
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
1.5 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
education or experience and should be used in conjunction
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
withprofessionaljudgment.Notallaspectsofthispracticemay
D5370 Specification for Pozzolanic Blended Materials in
be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not
Construction Applications
intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical
the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged,
Data
nor should this document be applied without consideration of
a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the
3. Terminology
title of this document means only that the document has been
3.1 Definitions:
approved through the ASTM consensus process.
3.1.1 Forcommondefinitionsoftermsinthisstandard,refer
1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
to Terminology D653.
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.15 on Stabilization With
2
Admixtures. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2012. Published September 2012. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D5239 –04. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D5239-12. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D5239 − 12
3.2.1 non self-cementing fly ash, n—fly ash produced from 6. Determination of Fly Ash Characteristics
the combustion of pulverized or crushed coal. This fly ash has
6.1 Determine loss on ignition, mo
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5239 − 04 D5239 − 12
Standard Practice for
1
Characterizing Fly Ash for Use in Soil Stabilization
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5239; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers procedures for characterizing fly ash to be used in soil stabilization. This practice lists representative
test methods for determining the chemical, physical, and cementitious properties of fly ash. A broad guideline is provided in
Appendix X1 that explains the significance of these properties in soil stabilization.
1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026.
1.2.1 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to the
accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard
is beyond its scope.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound equivalents are shown for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
requirements prior to use.
1.5 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be
applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the
adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s
many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through
the ASTM consensus process.
1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C25 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube Specimens)
C191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
C265 Test Method for Water-Extractable Sulfate in Hydrated Hydraulic Cement Mortar
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
C311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete
C593 Specification for Fly Ash and Other Pozzolans for Use With Lime for Soil Stabilization
C821 Specification for Lime for Use with Pozzolans
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in
Engineering Design and Construction
D5370 Specification for Pozzolanic Blended Materials in Construction Applications
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.15 on Stabilization With
Admixtures.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004July 1, 2012. Published December 2004September 2012. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 19982004
as D5239 – 98.D5239 –04. DOI: 10.1520/D5239-04.10.1520/D5239-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5239 − 12
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits
...