ASTM F2861-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Enhanced Performance of Combination Oven in Various Modes
Standard Test Method for Enhanced Performance of Combination Oven in Various Modes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The energy input rate test and thermostat calibration are used to confirm that the combination oven is operating properly prior to further testing and to ensure that all test results are determined at the same temperature.
5.2 Preheat energy and time can be useful to food service operators to manage power demands and to know how quickly the combination oven can be ready for operation.
5.3 Idle energy rate and pilot energy rate can be used to estimate energy consumption during non-cooking periods.
5.4 Cooking-energy efficiency is a precise indicator of combination oven energy performance under various operating conditions. This information enables the food service operator to consider energy performance when selecting a combination oven.
5.5 Production capacity can be used by food service operators to choose a combination oven that matches their food output requirements.
5.6 Water consumption characterization is useful for estimating water and sewage costs associated with combination oven operation.
5.7 Condensate temperature measurement is useful to verify that the condensate temperature does not violate applicable building codes.
5.8 Cooking uniformity provides information regarding the combination oven’s ability to cook food at the same rate throughout the oven compartment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the energy and water consumption and the cooking performance of combination ovens that can be operated in hot air convection, steam, and the combination of both hot air convection and steam modes. The test method is also applicable to convection ovens with moisture injection. The results of this test method can be used to evaluate a combination oven and understand its energy consumption.
1.2 This test method is applicable to gas and electric combination ovens that can be operated in convection, steam and combination modes.
1.3 The combination oven can be evaluated with respect to the following (where applicable):
1.3.1 Energy input rate and thermostat calibration (10.2).
1.3.2 Preheat energy consumption and time (10.3).
1.3.3 Idle energy rate in convection, steam and combination modes (10.4).
1.3.4 Pilot energy rate (if applicable) (10.5).
1.3.5 Cooking-energy efficiency, cooking energy rate, production capacity, water consumption and condensate temperature in steam mode (10.6).
1.3.6 Cooking-energy efficiency, cooking energy rate, and production capacity in convection mode (10.7).
1.3.7 Cooking uniformity in combination mode (10.8).
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F2861 − 14 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Enhanced Performance of Combination Oven in Various
1
Modes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2861; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 Thistestmethodcoverstheevaluationoftheenergyand 2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3588Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility
water consumption and the cooking performance of combina-
tion ovens that can be operated in hot air convection, steam, Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
F1217Specification for Cooker, Steam
and the combination of both hot air convection and steam
F1484Test Methods for Performance of Steam Cookers
modes. The test method is also applicable to convection ovens
F1495Specification for Combination Oven Electric or Gas
with moisture injection. The results of this test method can be
Fired
used to evaluate a combination oven and understand its energy
F1496Test Method for Performance of Convection Ovens
consumption.
3
2.2 ASHRAE Documents:
1.2 This test method is applicable to gas and electric
ASHRAE Guideline 2-1986 (RA90)Engineering Analysis
combination ovens that can be operated in convection, steam
of Experimental Data
and combination modes.
ASHRAE Guideline 2-1986 (RA90)Thermal and Related
1.3 The combination oven can be evaluated with respect to
Properties of Food and Food Materials
the following (where applicable):
1.3.1 Energy input rate and thermostat calibration (10.2).
3. Terminology
1.3.2 Preheat energy consumption and time (10.3).
3.1 Definitions:
1.3.3 Idleenergyrateinconvection,steamandcombination
3.1.1 combination mode, n—for the purposes of this test
modes (10.4).
method, combination mode is defined as moist heat at 350°F
1.3.4 Pilot energy rate (if applicable) (10.5).
(177°C) with the humidity and fan set to operate at their
1.3.5 Cooking-energy efficiency, cooking energy rate, pro-
maximum settings, hereafter referred to as combi mode.
duction capacity, water consumption and condensate tempera-
3.1.2 combination oven, n—device that combines the func-
ture in steam mode (10.6).
tion of hot air convection (oven mode), steam heating (steam
1.3.6 Cooking-energy efficiency, cooking energy rate, and
mode), and a combination of both to perform steaming, which
production capacity in convection mode (10.7).
includes low or high temperature steaming, baking, roasting,
1.3.7 Cooking uniformity in combination mode (10.8).
rethermalizing, and proofing of various food products. In
1.4 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded general,thetermcombinationovenisusedtodescribethistype
as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for informa-
of equipment, which is self contained.
tion only.
3.1.3 condensate, n—mixture of condensed steam and cool-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the ingwater,exitingthecombinationovenanddirectedtoadrain.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4 convection mode, n—for the purposes of this test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
method, convection mode is defined as dry heat only at 350°F
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
(177°C) with the fan set to operate at the maximum setting.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.06 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Productivity and Energy Protocol. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014. Published February 2014. Originally See the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, available from the American
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F2861–10. DOI: SocietyofHeating,Refrigeration,andAirConditioningEngineers,Inc.,1791Tullie
10.1520/F2861-14. Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2861 − 14
3.1.5 cooking-energy effıciency, n—quantity of energy im- 3.1.18 uncertainty, n—measure of systematic and precision
parted to the specified food product, expressed as a percentage errors in specified instrumentation or measure of repeatability
of energy consumed by the combination oven during t
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2861 − 10 F2861 − 14 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Enhanced Performance of Combination Oven in Various
1
Modes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2861; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the energy and water consumption and the cooking performance of combination
ovens that can be operated in hot air convection, steam, and combination the combination of both hot air convection and steam
modes. The test method is also applicable to convection ovens with limited moisture injection. The results of this test method can
be used to evaluate a combination oven and understand its energy consumption.
1.2 This test method is applicable to gas and electric combination ovens that can be operated in convection, steam and
combination modes.
1.3 The combination oven can be evaluated with respect to the following (where applicable):
1.3.1 Energy input rate and thermostat calibration (10.2).
1.3.2 Preheat energy consumption and time (10.3).
1.3.3 Idle energy rate in convection, steam and combination modes (10.4).
1.3.4 Pilot energy rate (if applicable) (10.5).
1.3.5 Cooking-energy efficiency, cooking energy rate, production capacity, water consumption and condensate temperature in
steam mode (10.6).
1.3.6 Cooking-energy efficiency, cooking energy rate, and production capacity in convection mode (10.7).
1.3.7 Cooking uniformity in combination mode (10.8).
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3588 Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
F1217 Specification for Cooker, Steam
F1484 Test Methods for Performance of Steam Cookers
F1495 Specification for Combination Oven Electric or Gas Fired
F1496 Test Method for Performance of Convection Ovens
3
F1639 Test Method for Performance of Combination Ovens (Withdrawn 2012)
3
2.2 ASHRAE Documents:
ASHRAE Guideline 2-1986 (RA90) Engineering Analysis of Experimental Data
ASHRAE Guideline 2-1986 (RA90) Thermal and Related Properties of Food and Food Materials
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.06 on Productivity
and Energy Protocol.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010Jan. 1, 2014. Published December 2010February 2014. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as
F2861 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/F2861-10.10.1520/F2861-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
See the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, available from the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle,
NE, Atlanta, GA 30329.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2861 − 14
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 combination mode, n—for the purposes of this test method, combination mode is defined as moist heat at 350°F (177°C)
with the humidity and fan set to operate at their maximum settings.settings, hereafter referred to as combi mode.
3.1.2 combination oven, n—device that combines the function of hot air convection (oven mode), saturated and superheated
steam heating (steam mode), and combination convection/steam mode for moist heating, a combination of both to perform
steaming, which includes low or high temperature steaming, baking, roasting, rethermalizing, and proofing of various food
products. In general, the term combination oven is used to describe this type of equipment, which is self contained. The
combination oven
...
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