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ASTM D3858-95(2014)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water by Velocity-Area Method (Withdrawn 2023)

Standard Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water by Velocity-Area Method (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to measure the volume rate of flow of water moving in rivers and streams and moving over or through large man-made structures. It can also be used to calibrate such measuring structures as dams and flumes. Measurements may be made from bridges, cableways, or boats; by wading; or through holes cut in an ice cover.  
5.2 This test method is used in conjunction with determinations of physical, chemical, and biological quality and sediment loadings where the flow rate is a required parameter.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the volume rate of flow of water in open channels by determining the flow velocity and cross-sectional area and computing the discharge therefrom (Refs (1-7)).2  
1.2 The procedures described in this test method are widely used by those responsible for the collection of streamflow data, for example, the U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Water Survey Canada, and many state and provincial agencies. The procedures are generally from internal documents of the above listed agencies, which have become the defacto standards as used in North America.  
1.3 This test method covers the use of current meters to measure flow velocities. Discharge measurements may be made to establish isolated single values, or may be made in sets or in a series at various stages or water-level elevations to establish a stage-discharge relation at a site. In either case, the same test method is followed for obtaining field data and computation of discharge.  
1.4 Measurements for the purpose of determining the discharge in efficiency tests of hydraulic turbines are specified in International Electrotechnical Commission Publication 413 for the field acceptance tests of hydraulic turbines, and are not included in this test method.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the measurement of the volume rate of flow of water in open channels by determining the flow velocity and cross-sectional area and computing the discharge therefrom.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D19 on Water, this test method was withdrawn in January 2023 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
31-Dec-2013
Withdrawal Date
09-Jan-2023
ICS
17.120.20 - Flow in open channels
Technical Committee
D19 - Water
Drafting Committee
D19.07 - Sediments, Geomorphology, and Open-Channel Flow
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D3858-95(2014) - Standard Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water by Velocity-Area Method (Withdrawn 2023)ASTM D3858-95(2014) - Standard Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water by Velocity-Area Method (Withdrawn 2023)
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ASTM D3858-95(2014) - Standard Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water by Velocity-Area Method (Withdrawn 2023)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3858 −95 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Method for
Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water by Velocity-Area
1
Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3858; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the volume
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
rate of flow of water in open channels by determining the flow
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
velocity and cross-sectional area and computing the discharge
2 dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
therefrom (Refs (1-7)).
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.2 The procedures described in this test method are widely
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
used by those responsible for the collection of streamflow data,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
for example, the U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Reclamation, U.S.Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Water Survey Canada, and many state and 2. Referenced Documents
provincialagencies.Theproceduresaregenerallyfrominternal 4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
documents of the above listed agencies, which have become
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
the defacto standards as used in North America.
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
1.3 This test method covers the use of current meters to Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
measure flow velocities. Discharge measurements may be D4409 Test Method for Velocity Measurements of Water in
madetoestablishisolatedsinglevalues,ormaybemadeinsets Open Channels with Rotating Element Current Meters
or in a series at various stages or water-level elevations to D5089 Test Method for Velocity Measurements of Water in
establish a stage-discharge relation at a site. In either case, the Open Channels with Electromagnetic Current Meters
5
same test method is followed for obtaining field data and 2.2 ISO Standard:
computation of discharge. ISO 3455 (1976) Calibration of Rotating-Element Current
Meters in Straight Open Tanks
1.4 Measurements for the purpose of determining the dis-
charge in efficiency tests of hydraulic turbines are specified in
3. Terminology
3
International Electrotechnical Commission Publication 41 for
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
the field acceptance tests of hydraulic turbines, and are not
method, refer to Terminology D1129.
included in this test method.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.2.1 current meter—an instrument used to measure, at a
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
point, velocity of flowing water.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.2.2 discharge—the volume of flow of water through a
and are not considered standard.
cross section in a unit of time, including any sediment or other
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
solids that may be dissolved in or mixed with the water.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.3 float—a buoyant article capable of staying suspended
in or resting on the surface of a fluid; often used to mark the
thread or trace of a flow line in a stream and to measure the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments, magnitude of the flow velocity along that line.
Geomorphology, and Open-Channel Flow.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014. Published January 2014. Originally
4
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3858 – 95 (2008). For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/D3858-95R14. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
this standard. the ASTM website.
3 5
Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3, rue de Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Varembé, P.O. Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iec.ch. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM Interna
...

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5.1 This test method is particularly useful to determine the discharge when it cannot be measured directly with some type of current meter to obtain velocities and sounding equipment to determine the cross section. See Practice D3858.  
5.2 Even under the best of conditions, the personnel available cannot cover all points of interest during a major flood. The engineer or technician cannot always obtain reliable results by direct methods if the stage is rising or falling very rapidly, if flowing ice or debris interferes with depth or velocity measurements, or if the cross section of an alluvial channel is scouring or filling significantly.  
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1.2 This test method produces the discharge for a flood event if high-water marks are used. However, a complete stage-discharge relation may be obtained, either manually or by using a computer program, for a gauge located at the approach section to a culvert.  
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