ASTM A297/A297M-21
(Specification)Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application
ABSTRACT
This specification covers standards for iron-chromium and iron-chromium-nickel alloy castings of general purpose grades (Grades HF, HH, HI, HK, HE, HT, HU, HW, HX, HC, HD, HL, HN, and HN) applicable in heat-resistant services. Alloys shall be produced through electric arc, electric-induction, or other approved processes. Heat-treatment shall be conducted when agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser. The material shall conform to carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, and molybdenum contents. Tensile requirements including tensile strength, yield point, and elongation shall apply when specified in the purchase order. Guidelines for repair by welding are also given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium and iron-chromium-nickel alloy castings for heat-resistant service. The grades covered by this specification are general purpose alloys and no attempt has been made to include heat-resisting alloys used for special production application.
Note 1: For heat-resisting alloys used for special product application, reference should be made to Specifications A351/A351M, A217/A217M, and A447/A447M.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: A297/A297M −21
Standard Specification for
Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel,
1
Heat Resistant, for General Application
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA297/A297M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature
Service
1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium and iron-
A781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy,
chromium-nickel alloy castings for heat-resistant service. The
Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
grades covered by this specification are general purpose alloys
A957/A957M Specification for Investment Castings, Steel
and no attempt has been made to include heat-resisting alloys
and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial
used for special production application.
Use
NOTE 1—For heat-resisting alloys used for special product application,
reference should be made to Specifications A351/A351M, A217/A217M,
3. General Conditions for Delivery
and A447/A447M.
3.1 Except for investment castings, material furnished to
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
this specification shall conform to the requirements of Speci-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
fication A781/A781M, including any supplementary require-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
ments that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
comply with the general requirements of Specification A781/
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
A781M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In
with the standard.
case of conflict between the requirements of this specification
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
and Specification A781/A781M, this specification shall pre-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
vail.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2 Investment castings furnished to this specification shall
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
conform to the requirements of Specification A957/A957M,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
including any supplementary requirements that are indicated in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the purchase order. Failure to comply with the general require-
2. Referenced Documents
ments of Specification A957/A957M constitutes nonconfor-
2
mance with this specification. In case of conflict between the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
requirements of this specification and Specification A957/
A217/A217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic
A957M, Specification A957/A957M shall prevail.
Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suit-
able for High-Temperature Service
4. Ordering Information
A351/A351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for
Pressure-Containing Parts
4.1 The inquiry and order should include or indicate the
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
following:
of Steel Products
4.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number or
A447/A447M Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-
drawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on the
casting drawing),
4.1.2 Grade of steel,
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
4.1.3 Options in the specification, and
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.18 on Castings.
4.1.4 The supplementary requirements desired, including
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally
the standards of acceptance.
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as A297/A297M – 20.
DOI: 10.1520/A0297_A0297M-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 5. Process
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1 Alloys shall be made by the following processes:
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. electric arc, electric induction, or other approved processes.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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A297/A297M − 21
A,B
TABLE 1 Composition Requirements
Element, %
Grade
Type
C D
(UNS Number)
Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Other
HF 19Cr-9Ni 0.20–0.40 2.00 0.04 0.04 2.00 18.0–23.0 8.0–1
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A297/A297M − 20 A297/A297M − 21
Standard Specification for
Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel,
1
Heat Resistant, for General Application
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A297/A297M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium and iron-chromium-nickel alloy castings for heat-resistant service. The grades
covered by this specification are general purpose alloys and no attempt has been made to include heat-resisting alloys used for
special production application.
NOTE 1—For heat-resisting alloys used for special product application, reference should be made to Specifications A351/A351M, A217/A217M, and
A447/A447M.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A217/A217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for
High-Temperature Service
A351/A351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A447/A447M Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service
A781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
A957/A957M Specification for Investment Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
3. General Conditions for Delivery
3.1 Except for investment castings, material furnished to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification
A781/A781M, including any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.18
on Castings.
Current edition approved July 1, 2020May 1, 2021. Published August 2020May 2021. Originally approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 20192020 as
A297/A297M – 19.A297/A297M – 20. DOI: 10.1520/A0297_A0297M-20.10.1520/A0297_A0297M-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A297/A297M − 21
general requirements of Specification A781/A781M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of conflict between
the requirements of this specification and Specification A781/A781M, this specification shall prevail.
3.2 Investment castings furnished to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A957/A957M, including
any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the general requirements of
Specification A957/A957M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of conflict between the requirements of this
specification and Specification A957/A957M, Specification A957/A957M shall prevail.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 The inquiry and order should include or indicate the following:
4.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number or drawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on the casting drawing),
4.1.2 Grade of steel,
4.1.3 Options in the specification, and
4.1.4 The supplementary requirements desired, including the standards of accept
...
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